蜡状芽孢杆菌好氧反硝化特性研究

从湖北省洪湖、仙桃等地采集的活性污泥和土壤中分离得到32株好氧反硝化细菌,对其进行反硝化能力测定,其中3株菌的反硝化能力较强,能以NaNO₃为唯一氮源生长,分别命名为HS-N25,HS-MP12和HS-MP13. 这3株菌可以分别在18,15和12 h内将特定培养基SC中起始浓度为10 mmol/L 的NO₃-完全降解. 通过菌株形态观察、生理生化及16S rDNA 分子鉴定,菌株HS-N25,HS-MP12及HS-MP13与蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)亲缘关系最为接近,同源性达99%. 初步鉴定这3株菌为蜡状芽孢杆菌.      

类柱试验中焚烧飞灰浸出特性研究

通过类柱试验研究焚烧飞灰的浸出规律.结果表明,随着流入系统中酸溶液体积的增加,系统pH先升高而后下降;在整个系统中,Ca的浸出质量浓度很高;Cr的浸出质量浓度要高于Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb和Ni,随着反应时间的推进,它们的浸出质量浓度都随着流入系统中酸溶液体积的增加而逐渐降低;在同一时间浸出质量浓度曲线上,从系统的上游到下游,浸出质量浓度呈增加趋势,如Cu的浸出质量浓度在系统上游(单元1)为60.2 μg/L,而在系统下游(单元10)为158.0 μg/L.     

磁性纳米Fe3O4@C对SBR脱氮除磷性能及其微生物种群组成的影响

为探究磁性纳米Fe₃O₄@C对序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR)污水处理系统脱氮除磷性能的影响,建立了2个相同的SBR(编号分别为0号和1号),其中,0号反应器未投加任何磁性材料(对照组),1号反应器中投加0.5 g·L^-1的Fe₃O₄@C(实验组),并采用高通量测序和实时定量PCR(qPCR)技术对2个反应器内生物种群结构及关键脱氮除磷功能菌群进行分析.结果表明:(1)Fe₃O₄@C对SBR除污性能有显著影响,其中,1号反应器化学需氧量(COD)的去除性能得到增强,24 d后去除率稳定在90%左右;0号和1号反应器总氮(TN)平均去除率分别为35.83%和52.18%;从第43 d起,1号反应器除磷性能明显高于0号反应器,运行70 d后,0号和1号反应器对总磷(TP)的平均去除率分别为47.52%和56.33%.(2)添加Fe₃O₄@C材料后,反应器内变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的...     

上海浦东东滩与九段沙生态环境的比较

上海浦东国际机场建设占用了部分的滩涂，此部分滩涂是鸟类栖息迁徒的活动区域之一。研究和比较了长江口浦东东滩和相邻九段沙的生态环境特点，评述了九段沙作为鸟类栖息迁徒重要“驿站”可能性的重要依据，并提出了相应的建议。     

Restorating marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goad for integrated catchment management in Tolo Harbour,Hong Kong,China

The paper demonstrates why it is necessary to take the restoration of marine coastal ecosystem health as a new goal for integrated catchment management, in coastal area of the Tolo Harbour. The present goal of integrated catchment management (ICM) in the Tolo Harbour is to meet with Water Quality Objectives. The performance of an ICM plan, Tolo Harbour Action Plan (THAP), is evaluated by using marine coastal ecosystem health indicators including stress indicators and responses indicators. Since the implementation of THAP in 1988, some significant reduction in pollution loading has been observed - reduction of 83 % of BOD load and 82 % of TN between 1988 and 1999. There has been an improvement in the health state of Tolo Harbour marine coastal ecosystem as evidenced in the trends of the physical, chemical and biological indicators, although some reverse fluctuations in some periods exist. However, this can only be considered as the first sign of the ecosystem health restoration, since ecosystem health co     

SBR工艺处理含酚废水的研究

为了更有效地利用SBR工艺解决大型酚醛树酯生产企业所产生的大量含酚废水的难题 ,通过中试研究 ,分别对SBR工艺的关键参数 (如 :曝气时间、排放比、进水方式等 )进行了对比试验 ,从而获得了较佳的运行参数和运行效果 ,为实际工程应用提供技术参数     

Comparison between inhibitor and uncoupler for minimizing excess sludge production of an activated sludge process

In order to study the minimization of excess sludge production, the reduction in the excess sludge production in the presence of an inhibitor and uncoupler was studied in this work. The experimental results show that such an addition could effectively reduce the production of excess sludge. With the energy uncoupling model established in this work, energy uncoupling coefficient (E _u) was used to evaluate the reduction in excess sludge production. The energy uncoupling coefficients in the presence of dinitrophenol (dNP), Zn²⁺, and Cu²⁺ was 0.75, 0.46, and 0.18, respectively. The analysis demonstrated that energy spilling occurred in the presence of dNP, and that dNP was an effective uncoupler for reducing the production of excess activated sludge without affecting the microbial respiration activity.     

高浓度CO2对红松根际及根外土壤微生物群落结构的影响

采用DGGE(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis)技术,于2003年的7～9月中旬对高浓度CO2(700和500μmol·mol-1)处理下的红松幼苗根际和根外0～10 cm土壤微生物群落结构进行了研究.结果表明,大气CO2浓度升高对红松根际和非根际土壤细菌群落结构产生了较大的影响,主要表现为部分细菌物种的出现,或原有细菌数量的丰富以及原有物种的消失或其数量被削弱的现象,但主要建群种未变.     

制定区域大气环境总量控制方案的技术方法

提出了区域大气环境总量控制方案制定的技术路线和主要技术，即污染物的基础允许排放量，平权允许排放量和优化允许排放量的确定方法，以上海市某加工区ＳＯ２总量控制方案作了实例分析。     

LaFeO_3和SrFeO_(3-λ)对水溶性染料的光催化降解

采用柠檬酸法合成钙钛矿型复合氧化物LaFeO3和SrFeO3 λ,并以其为光催化剂对不同水溶性染料进行光催化降解实验。结果表明 :SrFeO3 λ的光催化活性明显高于LaFeO3,这与A位离子 (La3+ 、Sr2 + )的电子构型的不同有关。