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991.
We sampled 41 sites on 34 nonwadeable rivers that represent the types of rivers in Wisconsin, and the kinds and intensities
of nutrient and other anthropogenic stressors upon each river type. Sites covered much of United States Environmental Protection
Agency national nutrient ecoregions VII—Mostly Glaciated Dairy Region, and VIII—Nutrient Poor, Largely Glaciated upper Midwest.
Fish, macroinvertebrates, and three categories of environmental variables including nutrients, other water chemistry, and
watershed features were collected using standard protocols. We summarized fish assemblages by index of biotic integrity (IBI)
and its 10 component measures, and macroinvertebrates by 2 organic pollution tolerance and 12 proportional richness measures.
All biotic and environmental variables represented a wide range of conditions, with biotic measures ranging from poor to excellent
status, despite nutrient concentrations being consistently higher than reference concentrations reported for the regions.
Regression tree analyses of nutrients on a suite of biotic measures identified breakpoints in total phosphorus (~0.06 mg/l)
and total nitrogen (~0.64 mg/l) concentrations at which biotic assemblages were consistently impaired. Redundancy analyses
(RDA) were used to identify the most important variables within each of the three environmental variable categories, which
were then used to determine the relative influence of each variable category on the biota. Nutrient measures, suspended chlorophyll
a, water clarity, and watershed land cover type (forest or row-crop agriculture) were the most important variables and they
explained significant amounts of variation within the macroinvertebrate (R
2
= 60.6%) and fish (R
2
= 43.6%) assemblages. The environmental variables selected in the macroinvertebrate model were correlated to such an extent
that partial RDA analyses could not attribute variation explained to individual environmental categories, assigning 89% of
the explained variation to interactions among the categories. In contrast, partial RDA attributed much of the explained variation
to the nutrient (25%) and other water chemistry (38%) categories for the fish model. Our analyses suggest that it would be
beneficial to develop criteria based upon a suite of biotic and nutrient variables simultaneously to deem waters as not meeting
their designated uses. 相似文献
992.
Petroleum mass removal from low permeability sediment using air sparging/soil vapor extraction: impact of continuous or pulsed operation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Air sparging and soil vapor extraction (AS/SVE) are innovative remediation techniques that utilize volatilization and microbial degradation to remediate petroleum spills from soils and groundwater. This in situ study investigated the use of AS/SVE to remediate a gasoline spill from a leaking underground storage tank (UST) in the low permeability, clayey soil of the Appalachian Piedmont. The objectives of this study were to evaluate AS/SVE in low permeability soils by quantifying petroleum mass removal rates, monitoring vadose zone contaminant levels, and comparing the mass extraction rates of continuous AS/SVE to 8 and 24 h pulsed operation. The objectives were met by collecting AS/SVE exhaust gas samples and vadose zone air from multi-depth soil vapor probes. Samples were analyzed for O2, CO2, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), and total combustible hydrocarbon (TCH) concentrations using portable hand meters and gas chromatography. Continuous AS/SVE was effective in removing 608 kg of petroleum hydrocarbons from low permeability soil in 44 days (14.3 kg day−1). Mass removal rates ranged from 2.6 times higher to 5.1 times lower than other AS/SVE studies performed in sandy sediments. BTEX levels in the vadose zone were reduced from about 5 ppm to 1 ppm. Ten pulsed AS/SVE tests removed 78 kg in 23 days and the mean mass removal rate (17.6 kg day−1) was significantly higher than the last 15 days of continuous extraction. Pulsed operation may be preferable to continuous operation because of increased mass removal and decreased energy consumption. 相似文献
993.
Jiaqi Yan Yang Song Ziqi Yu Tingting Li Teo Brian Sheng Xian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(18):26759-26774
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Climate change and tourism’s interaction and vulnerability have been among the most hotly debated topics recently. In this context, the study... 相似文献
994.
Mustafa Ade Brian Dong Huijuan Zhang Chenyi Fujii Minoru 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(5):1859-1877
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Appropriate municipal solid waste management transition should be promoted for developing Asian countries. Thus, we established a life-cycle... 相似文献
995.
Saxena Abhishek Norton Brian Goel Varun Singh Desh Bandhu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(39):58537-58560
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The successful use of solar energy for cooking requires the systems adopted not only to have technical attributes that conveniently address specific... 相似文献
996.
Chellappandian Muthiah Senthil-Nathan Sengottayan Karthi Sengodan Vasantha-Srinivasan Prabhakaran Kalaivani Kandaswamy Hunter Wayne Brian Ali Ajmal M. Veerabahu Chockalingam Elshikh Mohamed Soliman Al Farraj Dunia A. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(11):15654-15663
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa belongs to the family Rutaceae is generally known as “bael fruit tree” occuring across the south Asian... 相似文献
997.
Aleah Bowie Wen Zhou Jingzhi Tan Philip White Tara Stoinski Yanjie Su Brian Hare 《Conservation biology》2022,36(4):e13922
Forests are essential common-pool resources. Understanding children's and adolescents’ motivations for conservation is critical to improving conservation education. In 2 experiments, we investigated 1086 school-aged children and adolescents (6–16 years old) from the United States, China, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Testing participants in groups, we assessed their motivation for conservation based on collective-risk common-pool goods games in which they were threatened with losing their endowment unless the group donation exceeded a threshold needed to maintain the forest. Extrinsic motivations, rather than intrinsic, tended to lead to successful cooperation to maintain a forest. Certainty of losing individual payoffs significantly boosted successful cooperative conservation efforts across cultures (success rates were 90.63% and 74.19% in the 2 risk-extrinsic conditions, and 43.75% in the control condition). In U.S. participants, 2 extrinsic incentives, priming discussions of the value of forests and delay of payoffs as punishment, also increased success of cooperative conservation (success rates were 97.22% and 76.92% in the 2 extrinsic-incentive conditions, and 29.19% and 30.77% in the 2 control conditions). Conservation simulations, like those we used, may allow educators to encourage forest protection by leading groups to experience successful cooperation and the extrinsic incentives needed to motivate forest conservation. 相似文献
998.
Allam Venkata Sita Rama Raju Paudel Keshav Raj Gupta Gaurav Singh Sachin Kumar Vishwas Sukriti Gulati Monica Gupta Saurabh Chaitanya M. V. N. L. Jha Niraj Kumar Gupta Piyush Kumar Patel Vyoma K. Liu Gang Kamal Mohammad Amjad Hansbro Philip M. Oliver Brian Gregory George Chellappan Dinesh Kumar Dua Kamal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(42):62733-62754
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily characterized by inflammation and reversible bronchoconstriction. It is currently one of the... 相似文献