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Composted nitrogenous waste has the potential to produce excessive amounts of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas that also contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion. In this laboratory study, sawdust was irrigated with varying amounts of landfill leachate with high NH4+-N content (3950 mg l(-1)). Physicochemical properties, including the amount of N2O produced, were monitored during the composting process over 28 days. A rapid decline in NH4+-N in the first 4 days and increasing NO3--N for 11 days was followed by lower but stabilized levels of available-N, even with repeated leachate irrigation. Less than 0.03% of the leachate-applied N was lost as N2O. Higher leachate applications as much as tripled N2O production, but this represented a lesser proportion overall of the total nitrogen. Addition of glucose to the composting process had no significant effect on N2O production. The derived sawdust-leachate compost supported healthy growth of Sesbania rostrata. It is concluded that compost can be produced from sawdust irrigated with landfill leachate without substantial emission of N2O, although excessive flux of N2O remains about high application rates over longer time periods. 相似文献
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Physiological aspects of vetiver grass for rehabilitation in abandoned metalliferous mine wastes 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Physiological aspects of why vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) can be tolerant to heavy metals and be used as an alternative method for rehabilitation of abandoned metalliferous mine wastelands have been investigated. The results showed that high proportions of lead and zinc (Pb/Zn) tailing greatly inhibited the leaf growth, dry matter accumulation, and photosynthesis of leaves, but stimulated the accumulation of proline and abscisic acid (ABA), and enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), implying that different mechanisms to detoxify active oxygen species (AOS) existed in different parts of plants. Physiological responses to heavy metal treatments differed greatly between roots and shoots. Nitrogen fertilizer application could greatly alleviate the adverse effects of high proportions of Pb/Zn tailing on vetiver grass growth. 相似文献
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Due to material degradation in tubing, the heat exchanger for the primary coolant of the 1 MW Tsing Hua Open-pool Reactor has minor leakage to the secondary cooling system since 1970. In the past 20 years, trace amounts of 58,60Co, 51Cr, 137Cs, 54Mn, 46Sc, and 65Zn have leaked through the cooling system, accumulated, and eventually trapped in the discharge pond directly in front of the reactor. The distribution of these radionuclides in the mud at different depths and various locations in the pond was measured with standard procedures of radioactive soil sampling and counting techniques. Concentration of corrosion products, with no more than 40 KBq/Kg dry at the hottest spot, was contour-mapped to reveal the accumulation patterns of these trace level radioactive products at the end of the 20-year period. 相似文献
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研究了细菌农药降解质粒P~(JP4)向根瘤菌的转移以及农药降解质粒引入根瘤菌后,对其共生性、固氮能力和根瘤结构的影响。结果表明,三种根瘤菌受体均接受了农药2,4-D降解质粒P~(JP4)。转移频率在4.0×10~(-6)—6.4×10~(-6)之间。其中一个受体菌株在灭菌土壤中接受该质粒,其转移频率为5.1×10~(-7)。接受了农药降解质粒的接合子保持了根瘤菌的共生性状、乙炔还原活性,所形成的根瘤结构与亲本株没有明显差别。从根瘤中分离的接合子仍保持了质粒P~(JP4)。 相似文献