基于VOCs加密监测的上海典型臭氧污染过程特征及成因分析

针对2017年8月4—7日在上海市及周边城市发生的臭氧污染过程,结合30个采样点连续4 d的大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)苏玛罐样品分析数据及O_3和NO_2在线监测数据,分析了此次污染过程的O_3和NO_2的时间变化特征、VOCs组分及臭氧生成潜势(OFP)的空间分布特征,并对VOCs来源进行了研究.结果表明,采样期间,上海市的O_3和NO_2平均浓度水平总体均高于周边的5个城市.VOCs均值浓度的空间分布总体为西北部高于东南部,上海市VOCs均值浓度为48×10~(-9),相较周边城市处于中间水平.上海市各类VOCs浓度为OVOCs烷烃卤代烃芳香烃烯炔烃,OFP贡献为芳香烃烯炔烃烷烃OVOCs和卤代烃.VOCs源解析结果显示机动车、溶剂使用、化工和石化工艺过程是上海市VOCs的3个主要来源.结合VOCs来源解析与OFP的贡献分析,控制上海市臭氧污染需重点削减溶剂使用和化工工艺过程中的甲苯、乙苯、间/对二甲苯、邻二甲苯和苯等芳香烃的排放,同时加强机动车和石化工艺过程中丙烯、乙烯和乙炔的排放控制.     

Evolution of e-waste resources disposal with propaganda education and monetary incentives: the influence mechanism of consumer knowledge level

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Consumer’s proper disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) resources is an indispensable component of the construction of green recycling...     

浅谈风力发电项目生态恢复环境监理

低山丘陵区风力发电场项目建设对生态的破坏日益明显,开展风电场施工期环境监理具有重要意义。通过对低山丘陵区风电项目施工期环境监理经验的总结,阐述了铁岭市风电场生态恢复的现状及开展生态恢复环境监理的重要作用,并对施工期的合理安排、原生植被的保护与利用、监理关键技术及环境监理人员的素质要求等相关生态恢复环境监理问题进行了探讨。     

Agro-climatic classification systems for estimating the global distribution of livestock numbers and commodities.

Investment in agricultural research in developing countries is being increasingly targeted at those agro-climatic zones and issues where the economic and environmental benefits may be expected to be greatest. This first requires that the zones themselves be defined, along with information on domestic livestock numbers and commodity output within agro-climatic zones in different countries. Different methods for classifying agro-climatic zones were compared. These included methods based on estimated length of growing period (LGP) using rainfall and temperature data, the ratio of precipitation to potential evapotranspiration (PET), and on more detailed agronomic models, remote sensing data and land use information. Zonation based on LGP has already been linked to existing national livestock data. By defining agro-climatic zones and relating concentrations of livestock populations to those of humans, it is possible to make realistic estimates of livestock populations and the production of livestock commodities for most developing countries. Detailed agro-climatic analyses of Mainland East Asia and Sri Lanka have recently been undertaken using the GROWEST agronomic model. Using this model as the basis of agro-climatic classification appears to be significantly superior, particularly in temperate environments, to approaches based solely on LGP. Different ways of subdividing countries and continents into agro-climatic or agro-ecological zones (AEZs) are reviewed in this paper. In addition, we show how the numbers of production and commodities from domestic livestock can be allocated to such zones. We also indicate how some of this information can be applied.     

试论湖南生物多样性的研究现状与对策

本文从湖南生物多样性的研究现状出发,指出了存在的一些问题,提出了开展湖南生物多样性研究的若干对策。     

地埋输油管道的安全风险分析

采用埋地管道防腐层状况检测仪(RD-PCM+)、GPS定位仪、硫酸铜参比电极、接地电阻测量仪等检测检验方法,判断某输油管道是否存在缺陷,计算管道失效可能性。利用挪威船级社PHAST RISK风险评估软件,结合管道周边人口分布,模拟和分析事故风险水平,对照风险可接受准则,判断其安全风险水平。检测结果表明,某输油管道防腐层状况较差,社会风险大。     

全球环境变化与中国土地可持续利用

本文讨论了全球环境变化与土地持续利用的相互关系,分析了全球环境变化对我国土地可持续利用的有利和不利影响,提出了全球环境变化下我国土地持续利用的对策。     

石板沟隧道洞口Ⅱ类围岩浅埋段施工方法

公路隧道的洞口浅埋段，多处于覆盖层，坡积层或风化严重的软弱破碎岩体中，在这样的地段进洞，目前均普遍采用新奥法施工，洞口段的施工工艺亦需简化，于是探讨不用明洞进洞施工方法显得很必要。然而许多隧道在局部区域可能埋深很浅，在这样的浅埋段施工，如果稍有不慎，就会导致通天坍塌，因此有必要采用地表锚杆或超前小导管注浆预加固。