粉煤灰资源化利用发展战略的研究

运用系统工程原理和运筹学的分析方法,对南京地区粉煤灰资源化利用的发展战略、制约因素及政策措施进行了分析,提出了一些方案措施,为南京市规划、管理和制定用灰政策提供了必要的科学依据。     

Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by carbon nanotubes: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics

IntroductionWastewatersfrombatterymanufacturing ,printing ,painting ,dyeingandotherindustrialprocessesoftencontainconsiderableamountsofheavymetalsthatwouldendangerpublichealthifdischargedwithoutadequatetreatment.Long termingestionofwatercontaininghigherco…     

基于MOD16的安徽省地表蒸散量时空变化特征

安徽省是我国的农业大省,其水资源的管理和利用直接影响到农业的可持续发展,分析安徽省的蒸散量变化,对水资源的科学配置和合理利用有着重要的意义。基于MOD16蒸散量产品,利用均值、标准差、偏差法、趋势分析法以及空间变异等方法,分析安徽省近15 a地表蒸散量年际、年内时空变化特征,和不同土地利用类型下蒸散量的差异性变化特征。研究表明：（1）2000~2014年间安徽省多年平均蒸散量为694.9 mm,波动范围为647.5~730.5 mm,年际变化呈现下降趋势;并具有较强的空间分异性规律,整体上呈现南高北低趋势,各市多年蒸散量均值差异显著,其中黄山的蒸散量最高（844.1 mm）,宿州最低（603.7 mm）。（2）安徽省年内各月间的蒸散量呈现先增加后减少的“单峰型”趋势,具有明显的季节差异,表现为夏季(304.17 mm)＞春季(167.56 mm)＞秋季(150.41 mm)＞冬季(73.92 mm);但各市的年内蒸散量变化趋势表现不同,淮河以南整体呈现“单峰型”趋势,淮河以北则呈现典型的“双峰型”趋势。（3）安徽省不同土地利用类型的蒸散量差异明显,其年均蒸散量按照“林地＞草地＞未利用地>耕地＞城镇用地”的顺序递减。 关键词： MOD16; 安徽省; 蒸散量; 时空分布; 土地利用     

Did the ecological engineering have a great impact on the land use change?

Overuse of land resources has increasingly contributed to environmental crises in China. To mitigate widespread land degradation, actions have been taken to maintain and restore the ecological environment through efforts such as ecological engineering. By analyzing trends in land use, the impact and effectiveness of ecological engineering can be determined. In this study, such changes in Huanjiang County in China were considered. In the early 1990s, an eco-immigration policy and “returning farmland to forest program” were implemented in the county, drastically impacting land use. Land use/land cover changes were detected and analyzed using remote sensing data recorded over 4 years (1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010). Land transfer flow and the rate of land use change elucidated the extent of changes, while nuclear density analysis indicated spatial agglomeration. The results indicate that, over a period of 15 years, farmland area increased, while forest area decreased initially before subsequently increasing. From 1995 to 2000, the highest transfer flow was observed in the grassland to farmland conversion (79.34%). From 2000 to 2005, the transfer flow of conversions was the highest for forest to farmland (56.79%). Land use changes were not prominent from 2005 to 2010. Direct drivers of land use change exert obvious impacts on land use, and indirect drivers impact direct drivers that are then channeled through direct anthropogenic drivers (e.g., land use policies). We found that ecological engineering has a very significant impact on land use change, and that impact varies from region to region.     

模拟油田采出水中H2S的脱除

采出水经处理后通常需作为地层回注水使用,由于油气生产的特殊性,常用的H2S脱除方法在使用中受到限制,探索适合于油气田生产的水处理方法十分必要。文章探讨了通常可用于油田采出水中H2S脱除的各种方法,对比了各类方法的优缺点,提出以NaClO为主要脱硫剂的水处理方法,通过对模拟采出水的室内实验,证明次氯酸法可以快速有效地去除采出水中的H2S,使H2S残留量低于1 mg/L。实验表明:经处理后的水质可以达到SY/T 5329-2012《碎屑岩油藏注水水质指标及分析方法》要求,处理成本较低。     

论多媒体英语教学

多媒体英语教学把传统英语教学的单调形象转化为动感形象,国内经济社会的发展也需要多媒体英语教学的展开。本文针对英语教学中存在的主要问题：缺乏人际交流、弱化学生主体地位、弱化教师主导作用,提出相关的教学对策：加强英语教学软件的开发与利用,精心设计和制作课件;熟练掌握教学内容;将传统教学媒体与多媒体课件紧密结合;树立对多媒体英语教学的正确认识。     

珠三角地区臭氧来源特征的数值模拟研究

采用WRF/CAMx模型及臭氧源解析技术(OSAT)模块研究珠三角地区臭氧季节性时空分布特征,对不同污染天气型下的臭氧来源进行解析,评估珠三角各城市臭氧暴露水平,并探究如何根据实际天气状况为不同城市提出切实有效的管控措施.研究结果表明,珠三角地区臭氧浓度遵循夏秋季高、冬季低的季节变化特征.在所有季节中,珠三角地区以外的...     

利用FISH和DGGE对产甲烷颗粒污泥中微生物种群的研究

利用FISH和DGGE技术对厌氧反应器内处于不同运行阶段的4个产甲烷颗粒污泥进行研究,考察其中真细菌和古细菌的种群结构,并对其中的优势古细菌进行系统发育分析.FISH结果表明,颗粒污泥中真细菌含量明显高于古细菌,真细菌主要分布在颗粒污泥外层,古细菌则主要分布在内层;DGGE结果表明,随着反应器COD负荷的增加以及运行时间的延长,真细菌种群结构相对较稳定,而古细菌种群结构则发生了较明显变化,其中占优势的古细菌种类逐渐减少;将有代表性的7个古细菌条带切胶回收并测序,结果显示,反应器运行后期占优势的菌种主要包括甲烷微粒菌(Methanocorpusculum)、甲烷杆菌(Methanobacterium)和甲烷髦毛菌(Methanosaeta)等.     

XQH1.00地震安全性评价工作程序包简介

ＸＱＨ１．００地震安全性评价工作程序包具先进性、灵活性、可靠性和实用性。编制者对危险性分析、人造地震动和土层反应等主要程序作了一系列改进，使之具有较强的计算性能。其中，人造地震动采用了自己研究提出的新技术——即时域迭加技术和反应谱整体逼近技术。该软件包采用菜单方式，实行人机对话和各种表格图件全部汉化。图件的输出可使用打印机和绘图仪，具有优良的服务性能。     

Effects of residual organics in municipal wastewater on hydrogenotrophic denitrifying microbial communities

Hydrogenotrophic denitrification is promising for tertiary nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater. To reveal the influence of residual organics in municipal wastewater on hydrogenotrophic denitrifiers, we adopted high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine microbial communities in hydrogenotrophic denitrification enrichments. Using effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant as water source, COD, nitrate and pH were controlled the same except for a gradient of biodegradable carbon (i.e., primary effluent (PE), secondary effluent (SE), or combined primary and secondary effluent (CE)). Inorganic synthetic water (IW) was used as a control. Hydrogenophaga, a major facultative autotroph, accounted for 17.1%, 5.3%, 32.7% and 12.9% of the sequences in PE, CE, SE and IW, respectively, implicating that Hydrogenophaga grew well with or without organics. Thauera, which contains likely obligate autotrophic denitrifiers, appeared to be the most dominant genera (23.6%) in IW and accounted for 2.5%, 4.6% and 8.9% in PE, CE and SE, respectively. Thermomonas, which is related to heterotrophic denitrification, accounted for 4.2% and 7.9% in PE and CE fed with a higher content of labile organics, respectively. In contrast, Thermomonas was not detected in IW and accounted for only 0.6% in SE. Our results suggest that Thermomonas are more competitive than Thauera in hydrogenotrophic denitrification with biodegradable organics. Moreover, facultative autotrophic denitrifiers, Hydrogenophaga, are accommodating to residual organic in effluent wastewater, thus we propose that hydrogenotrophic denitrification is amenable for tertiary nitrogen removal.