Effects of nutrients on Microcystis growth more easily forming bloom

Different nutrient media experimentally were N, P and Fe-limited conditions and a serial of diluted BGll media. The cell change of morphology and life history, cell number, cell color and cell area of Microcystis were analyzed quantitatively. First, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron depletion were distinctively different. Phosphorus and iron depletion caused more special division cells,slowly growth increasing, the easier change of bigger cell area. Second, the nitrogen and iron depletion could make the color of alga from green to brown. Finally, according to the resource competition and Monod equation, Microcystis kinetics of phosphorus and iron were also examined. Ks and μmax of phosphorus absorption were 0.0352 μmol/L, 0.493 d^-1 respectively; iron absorption: 0.00323 μmol/L, 0.483d^-1. In a word, some evidences of the Microcystis bloom dominance in certain nutrient conditions were indicated in the experiments. The dominances were determined as the reviving under the adverse circumstances through the special division, the various nitrogen resources,and the lower kinetics of phosphorus and iron than that of most of other algae. The conclusions provided the scientific basis for preventing and managing Microcystis bloom in freshwater.     

奇特的极地景观

神秘莫测的南极南极大陆是最高大,最冷酷,最纯洁,最美丽,最神秘莫测,最桀骜不驯的。南极真是高得出奇,有2350米。犹如一个巨人。然而它又是最低的大陆。南极大陆上的本特莱冰下槽谷,在海平面以下2500多米．比北冰洋的平均深度还要深两倍多呢!这是由于在巨大冰盖的重压之下,大陆地壳产生了向     

浅谈烟气脱硫技术

叙述了几种烟气脱硫方法,其中重点介绍了3种新的技术,即用沸石、活性焦和脉冲电晕来脱除烟气中的SO2.     

玉米秸秆生物炭固化细菌对镉砷吸附

为了确保细菌对镉砷复合污染土壤的修复效果,对细菌进行固定化处理.本研究将细菌悬液(Delftia sp. B9, B9)、玉米秸秆生物炭(corn stalks biochar,CSB)以及玉米秸秆生物炭-细菌复合体(corn stalks biochar-bacteria complex,B-CSB)作为3种吸附材料,探究3种材料对镉和砷的吸附特性及pH对3种材料去除水中镉砷离子性能的影响,进行了等温吸附模型拟合,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外变换光谱(FT-IR)和X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)对3种材料进行表征分析,同时探究添加B9、 CSB和B-CSB对土壤中镉和砷形态变化的影响.结果表明, 3种材料对Cd~(2+)的饱和吸附量分别为49.43、 82.68和75.38 mg·g~(-1);对As的饱和吸附量分别为24.67、 42.92和34.03 mg·g~(-1).添加B-CSB可使土壤中的弱酸可溶态Cd显著下降,残渣态Cd显著增加;铁型砷含量显著减少,残渣态砷含量增加.B-CSB是一种更有效地修复镉砷复合污染的材料.     

利用化学混凝法处理钻井污水实验研究

采用化学混凝法对江汉油田钻井污水进行了室内处理实验。实验结果表明,污水处理时所选絮凝剂的种类、加入量、加入顺序、温度和加入后的沉降时间等都会影响处理效果。采用单一无机化学药剂,沉降速度较慢,故考虑将无机和有机药剂复配使用,即利用先加无机药剂后再加入有机药剂的顺序处理该油田钻井废水。该实验结果为油田钻井污水无害化处理提供了基础资料。     

Characterization of the pesticide chlordane in estuarine river sediments

Sediments are increasingly recognized as both carrier and potential source of contaminants in aquatic environments. This study investigated the characteristics and spatial distribution of total chlordane and its three most abundant compounds, including alpha-chlordane, gamma-chlordane, and trans-nonachlor, in sediments from the Cedar and Ortega rivers, Florida, USA, using geographic information system (GIS)-based kriging analyses and field measurements. Kriging analysis showed that two areas, one from the Cedar River area and the other from the northern end of the Ortega River area, were contaminated. The maximum concentrations of total chlordane, gamma-chlordane, alpha-chlordane, and trans-nonachlor in the sediments were, respectively, 101.8, 20.1, 26.3, and 19.2 microg/kg. A plot of total organic carbon (TOC)-normalized chlordane concentrations showed that effects of grain size on sediment chlordane contamination were negligible. A principal axis analysis further revealed that a linear correlation existed between alpha-chlordane and total chlordane as well as between gamma-chlordane and total chlordane, whereas no correlation existed between trans-nonachlor and total chlordane. Comparison of total chlordane concentration with Florida Sediment Assessment Guidelines showed that the Cedar River and the northern end of the Ortega River had total chlordane concentrations above the probable effect level (4.79 microg/kg), which could pose a potential risk to aquatic life.     

丹江口库区及上游生态系统土壤保持效益价值评估

以RUSLE为模型的基本框架,以GIS、RS软件为技术平台,利用GIS强大的空间数据组织分析运算能力,将项目规划区各土壤侵蚀影响因子的遥感数据与非遥感数据网格化,通过网格数据的空间分析和模型运算,实现生态系统土壤保持量的区域性宏观定位定量评价。估算结果表明:研究区土壤保持总量林地最高,草地次之,水域等其它类型土壤保持量都非常少,这与植被覆盖度和植被净第一性生产力的分布是一致的,说明高植被覆盖类型分布区的植被能有效防止和控制土壤流失。1987、2000和2008年不同土地利用/覆被类型土壤保持价值分别为355.21亿元3、41.37亿元和367.41亿元。其中林地和灌木林地生态系统的土壤保持价值占到近60%,草地生态系统占到近30%,林、灌、草共占到服务总价值的近90%,林、灌、草在土壤保持生态系统服务中具有决定性的作用。     

Cytotoxic study in the treatment of tetracycline by using magnetic Fe3O4–PAMAM–antibody complexes

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Antibiotics are widely used as drugs to treat human and animal diseases. However, the widespread use of antibiotics has induced environmental...