生态效率与未来:下一个革新源泉

要使发展具有可持续性,我们必须规划一种经济模式,把所有的工作永远都维持在这颗行星环境的限制之内.商业能够为这个共同的事业所做出的最重要贡献就是革新--不是只为了新奇的革新,或者仅在商业领域的革新.如果我们要夺取胜利,技术、消费者行为、社会关系和政策框架的革新必须联合进行.     

Fetal fibrochondrogenesis at 26 weeks' gestation

An Erratum has been published for this article in Prenatal Diagnosis 22(13) 2002, 1241. Fibrochondrogenesis is a rare and lethal osteochondrodysplasia with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. We report a male fetus in which the diagnosis of lethal osteochondrodysplasia was suspected on prenatal ultrasound and radiological examinations during the second trimester of pregnancy. After termination of pregnancy, fibrochondrogenesis was diagnosed by radiological examination and histological study of fetal bones. Interwoven fibrous septa and fibroblastic degeneration of chondrocytes are pathognomonic. The recurrence rate is 25% and accurate diagnosis is necessary to enable genetic counselling. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Incorporation of inositol hexaphosphate into intact red blood cells

Fluid charged lipid vesicles loaded with an inositol hexaphosphate solution were used to transport this allosteric effector into human intact red blood cells. Rate and extent of uptake of the vesicles and of the effector by the red blood cells were measured as changes in the O2 half-saturation pressure and the 31P-NMR spectra of the intracellular inositol hexaphosphate-haemoglobin complex.     

When does quality of relationships with coworkers predict burnout over time? The moderating role of work motivation

The present prospective study examines the interplay between the quality of relationships with coworkers and work motivation in predicting burnout. Considering self-determined motivation at work as a potential moderator, we investigated whether relationships with coworkers are equally important to all employees in preventing burnout. A total of 533 college employees participated in this study. Data were collected at two time points, two years apart. Results from structural equation modeling indicated negative main effects for high-quality relationships and self-determined motivation on burnout. A significant interaction effect between these two factors on burnout was also revealed, suggesting that high-quality relationships with coworkers is crucial for those employees who exhibit less self-determined work motivation. Implications for burnout research and management practices are discussed (Deci & Ryan, 1985 ). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Functional changes in culturable microbial communities during a co-composting process: Carbon source utilization and co-metabolism

Microbial communities in sewage sludge and green waste co-composting were investigated using culture-dependent methods and community level physiological profiles (CLPP) with Biolog Microplate. Different microbial groups characterized each stage of composting. Bacterial densities were high from beginning to end of composting, whereas actinomycete densities increased only after bio-oxidation phase i.e. after 40 days. Fungal populations become particularly high during the last stage of decomposition. Cluster analyses of metabolic profiles revealed a similar separation between two groups of composts at 67 days for bacteria and fungi. Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to bacterial and fungal CLPP data showed a chronological distribution of composts with two phases. The first one (before 67 days), where the composts were characterized by the rapid decomposition of non-humic biodegradable organic matter, was significantly correlated to the decrease of C, C/N, organic matter (OM), fulvic acid (FA), respiration, cellulase, protease, phenoloxidase, alkaline and acid phosphatases activities. The second phase corresponding to the formation of polycondensed humic-like substances was significantly correlated to humic acid (HA) content, pH and HA/FA. The influent substrates selected on both factorial maps showed that microbial communities could adapt their metabolic capacities to the particular environment. The first phase seems to be focused on easily degradable substrate utilization whereas the maturation phase appears as multiple metabolisms, which induce the release of metabolites and their polymerization leading to humification processes.     

Substance use and functional impairment among adolescents directly exposed to the 2001 World Trade Center attacks

The relationship between exposure to the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks, increased substance use, functional impairment and mental health service use, controlling for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, was assessed through an in-school survey of directly exposed students (N = 1040) attending the five middle and five high schools nearest the WTC. The survey was conducted 18 months after the attacks. Students with one WTC exposure risk factor had a five-fold increase in substance use, while those with three or more exposure risks had a nearly 19-fold increase. Increased substance use was associated with impaired school work, school behaviour and grades. Students reporting increased substance use were nearly twice as likely to want help but were no more likely than asymptomatic students to receive services. Adolescents reporting increased substance use, without co-morbidity, were less likely to receive psychological services than others. Attention to the needs of substance-using adolescents exposed to disaster is needed.