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61.
Curt Stern 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1932,20(12):193-201
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Saison C Perrin-Ganier C Schiavon M Morel JL 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2004,130(2):275-285
This study examined the effect of regular tillage and cropping on the dissipation rate of PAHs in contaminated soil. Lysimeters were placed under natural climatic conditions for 2 years and designed to measure the concentration of PAHs in soil and leachates and their toxicity. The soil initially contained 2077 microg PAHs g(-1). The largest decrease in PAHs concentration occurred during the first 6 months. No further significant decrease was observed after this time. The surface soil layer always contained significantly less PAHs than the deeper layer, regardless of the treatments. Less than 8.4 x 10(-8)% of the PAH initially present in the soil (e.g. less or equal to 33 microg PAHs per lysimeter) were leached from the soils during the experiment and the leachates presented no toxicity (as measured by the Microtox test). The toxicity of the soils decreased with time and was significantly lower on the cropped soil compared to the other treatments, despite the residual concentration of PAHs being the highest in this soil. This study demonstrated that the dissipation rates of PAHs were slow after using natural attenuation even when tillage and cropping were performed at the soil surface. 相似文献
65.
Maria A. van Noordwijk Natasha Arora Erik P. Willems Lynda P. Dunkel Rahmalia N. Amda Neneng Mardianah Corinne Ackermann Michael Krützen Carel P. van Schaik 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2012,66(6):823-834
Female philopatry in mammals is generally associated with ecological and sometimes social benefits, and often with dispersal by males. Previous studies on dispersal patterns of orangutans, largely non-gregarious Asian great apes, have yielded conflicting results. Based on 7?years of observational data and mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses on fecal samples of 41 adult Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) from the Tuanan population, we provide both genetic and behavioral evidence for male dispersal and female philopatry. Although maternally related adult female dyads showed similar home-range overlap as unrelated dyads, females spent much more time in association with known maternal relatives than with other females. While in association, offspring of maternally related females frequently engaged in social play, whereas mothers actively prevented this during encounters with unrelated mothers, suggesting that unrelated females may pose a threat to infants. Having trustworthy neighbors may therefore be a social benefit of philopatry that may be common among solitary mammals, thus reinforcing female philopatric tendencies in such species. The results also illustrate the diversity in dispersal patterns found within the great-ape lineage. 相似文献
66.
Ji Yuefei Yang Yan Wang Lu Lu Junhe Ferronato Corinne Chovelon Jean-Marc 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(2):1111-1116
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Sulfate radical ( $${\text{SO}}_{4}^{ \cdot - }$$ )-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) are promising in situ chemical oxidation technologies that... 相似文献
67.
Sam Lapp Tianhao Wu Corinne Richards-Zawacki Jamie Voyles Keely Michelle Rodriguez Hila Shamon Justin Kitzes 《Conservation biology》2021,35(5):1659-1668
Anurans (frogs and toads) are among the most globally threatened taxonomic groups. Successful conservation of anurans will rely on improved data on the status and changes in local populations, particularly for rare and threatened species. Automated sensors, such as acoustic recorders, have the potential to provide such data by massively increasing the spatial and temporal scale of population sampling efforts. Analyzing such data sets will require robust and efficient tools that can automatically identify the presence of a species in audio recordings. Like bats and birds, many anuran species produce distinct vocalizations that can be captured by autonomous acoustic recorders and represent excellent candidates for automated recognition. However, in contrast to birds and bats, effective automated acoustic recognition tools for anurans are not yet widely available. An effective automated call-recognition method for anurans must be robust to the challenges of real-world field data and should not require extensive labeled data sets. We devised a vocalization identification tool that classifies anuran vocalizations in audio recordings based on their periodic structure: the repeat interval-based bioacoustic identification tool (RIBBIT). We applied RIBBIT to field recordings to study the boreal chorus frog (Pseudacris maculata) of temperate North American grasslands and the critically endangered variable harlequin frog (Atelopus varius) of tropical Central American rainforests. The tool accurately identified boreal chorus frogs, even when they vocalized in heavily overlapping choruses and identified variable harlequin frog vocalizations at a field site where it had been very rarely encountered in visual surveys. Using a few simple parameters, RIBBIT can detect any vocalization with a periodic structure, including those of many anurans, insects, birds, and mammals. We provide open-source implementations of RIBBIT in Python and R to support its use for other taxa and communities. 相似文献
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Paul Bardos Brian Bone Miroslav Černík Daniel W. Elliott Sarah Jones Corinne Merly 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2015,25(2):83-94
Nanoscale zero‐valent iron (nZVI) is the most commonly used nanoremediation material. While there has been a reasonable level of application of nZVI technologies for in situ remediation in the United States, its utilization across Europe has been much more limited. There has been significant uncertainty about the balance between deployment risks and benefits for nanoparticles (NPs), which has affected the regulatory position in several countries. Some member states of the European Union (EU) take a strong precautionary view of the risks from the deployment of NPs into the subsurface, preventing the adoption of the technology. This article provides a risk–benefit assessment for nZVI based on published information and describes the steps that will be taken by a major European research project (NanoRem), as part of its work to provide a basis for better informed decision making in European environmental restoration markets. A key part of this process is dialogue between practitioners and researchers. NanoRem therefore has an active process of communication with different stakeholder networks (regulators, service providers, and site owners). NanoRem hopes to stimulate a consensus on appropriate use of nanoremediation and thereby stimulate effective technology transfer to the European remediation market. ©2015 The Authors 相似文献
70.
Research results in environmental and socio-economic sciences are often under-used by stakeholders involved in the management
of natural resources. To minimise this gap, the FP6 EU interdisciplinary project AquaTerra (AT) developed an end-users’ integration
methodology in order to ensure that the data, knowledge and tools related to the soil–water-sediment system that were generated
by the project were delivered in a meaningful way for end-users, thus improving their uptake. The methodology and examples
of its application are presented in this paper. From the 408 project deliverables, 96 key findings were identified, 53 related
to data and knowledge, and 43 describing advanced tools. River Basin Management (RBM) stakeholders workshops identified 8
main RBM issues and 25 specific stakeholders’ questions related to RBM which were classified into seven groups of cross-cutting
issues, namely scale, climate change, non-climatic change, the need for systemic approaches, communication and participation,
international and inter-basin coordination and collaboration, and the implementation of the Water Framework Directive. The
integration methodology enabled an assessment of how AT key findings meet stakeholders’ demands, and for each main RBM issue
and for each specific question, described the added-value of the AT project in terms of knowledge and tools generated, key
parameters to consider, and recommendations that can be made to stakeholders and the wider scientific community. Added value
and limitations of the integration methodology and its outcomes are discussed and recommendations are provided to further
improve integration methodology and bridge the gaps between scientific research data and their potential uptake by end-users. 相似文献