对排污权交易的现实思考

排污权交易作为一种制度,在我国尚未完全建立.在准市场机制调整之下的排污权交易市场具有比现行排污收费制度更合理之处.排污权交易制度的目的在于逐步减少污染排放,而非刺激排污.其具有的激励和资源配置功能,不仅能较好地控制排污总量,还能提供更丰富的控制污染的方法和途径.公众甚至可以直接参与对环境的管理.本文作者试图从经济学和竞争法的角度对排污权交易的现实问题作一浅显分析.     

Effect of composite amendments on physicochemical properties of copper tailings repaired by herbaceous plants

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phytoremediation is considered to be the most environmentally friendly green restoration technology for dealing with mine waste. Adding amendments can...     

雷管壳体安全检测过程的模拟与检测时间的确定

采用数值模拟与现场试验相结合的方法,分析了带缺陷雷管在气压检测过程中气体的泄漏过程,确定了最佳的检测时间。采用Fluent建立了缺陷雷管正气压检测模型,分析了缺陷在不同位置处的气体泄漏过程,研究了气体泄漏过程中,雷管内部气压的分布及其随时间变化过程,结果表明:距雷管顶端的缺陷因尺寸较大,所以该泄漏点的压强要大于侧壁处,而气体泄漏流速小于侧壁处,综合分析缺陷处和雷管内部的气体压降过程及试验,可确定4s为最佳的充气时间,5s作为最佳的雷管质量诊断时间。     

Evaluation of combined developmental neurological toxicity of di (n-butyl) phthalates and lead using immature mice

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, the immature mice were taken to assess the potential neurological toxicity of lead (Pb) and di (n-butyl) phthalates (DBP) combination...     

Analytical methods for microplastics in the environment: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Microplastic pollution is a recently discovered threat to ecosystems requiring the development of new analytical methods. Here, we review classical and advanced...     

乌东德水库水温预测及低温水减缓措施

乌东德水库为季调节水库,采用宽度平均的立面二维水温数学模型对水库水温结构进行预测,结果表明:乌东德水库水温结构呈季节性分层特征,电站运行对下游水温过程有一定程度的春季低温水和冬季高温水影响。如果采用单层取水方案,在2~8月的下泄水温低于坝址现状水温,最大降幅为2.0℃,下泄低温水将对坝下鱼类产卵繁殖产生不利影响。乌东德水电站拟采取分层取水的措施,对低温水较为敏感的鱼类产卵期3~6月采用叠梁门取水。相比于单层取水,叠梁门方案对低温水的改善效果较明显,下泄水温提高了0.8~1.1℃,能一定程度地减缓升温期水温延迟效应。     

The role of technology innovation and people’s connectivity in testing environmental Kuznets curve and pollution heaven hypotheses across the Belt and Road host countries: new evidence from Method of Moments Quantile Regression

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is closely linked to the ecological sustainability of the infrastructure ventures that intrinsically include the...     

Morphology and composition of particles emitted from conventional and alternative fuel vehicles

Size, morphology, and composition of airborne particles strongly affect human health and visibility, precipitation, and the kinetic characteristics of particles. In this study, the morphology and chemical composition of particles emitted from conventional (diesel and gasoline) and alternative (CNG and methanol) fuel vehicles were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). The SEM images revealed that the size of primary particles (without agglomeration) was approximately 10 nm in the exhaust from all the tested vehicles. The particles emitted from gasoline vehicle (GV), CNG vehicle (CNGV), and methanol vehicle (MV) had the same median diameter, 62 nm, which was smaller than those from heavy diesel vehicle (HDV) and light diesel vehicle (LDV). Soot was observed in the HDV, LDV, and GV samples but not in the CNGV and MV. The fractal dimension, which was used to quantify the degree of irregularity of soot, was 1.752 ± 0.014, 1.789 ± 0.076, and 1.769 ± 0.006 in the exhaust from HDV, LDV, and GV samples, respectively. The particles discharged by all tested vehicles contained the elements C, O, Fe, and Na. The main element in the samples of HDV, LDV, and GV was C, while O was the main element in the samples of alternative fuel vehicles. The profiles of minor elements were more complex in the emissions of alternative fuel vehicles than those in the emissions of conventional fuel vehicles. The results improved our understanding of the morphology and elemental composition of particles emitted from vehicles powered by diesel, gasoline, CNG, and methanol.

     

Microplastic pollution in freshwater systems in Southeast Asia: contamination levels,sources, and ecological impacts

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plastics are synthetic polymers known for their outstanding durability and versatility, and have replaced traditional materials in many applications....