色氨酸对生物成因铁硫酸盐次生矿物形成的影响

采用氧化亚铁硫杆菌催化合成铁硫酸盐次生矿物,研究不同L-色氨酸添加浓度对矿物合成体系pH、氧化还原电位（ORP）、Fe²⁺氧化率、总Fe沉淀率,以及次生矿物产量、化学组成及矿物相的影响.结果表明,随着体系色氨酸浓度的增加,pH降低幅度越小,ORP上升越不明显.色氨酸对铁硫酸盐次生矿物合成的影响依赖于其浓度,当色氨酸浓度低于1.67 g·L^-1时,色氨酸对铁硫酸盐次生矿物的形成起促进作用,表现为总Fe沉淀率及矿物产量随着色氨酸浓度升高而增加.而当色氨酸浓度升高至6.67 g·L^-1时,Fe²⁺氧化率、总Fe沉淀率和矿物产量远低于对照组,表明高浓度色氨酸会抑制铁硫酸盐次生矿物的形成.次生矿物内Fe/S比介于施氏矿物和黄钾铁矾的理论值之间,表明不同合成体系所得次生矿物均为黄钾铁矾和施氏矿物的混合物.矿物学特征分析表明,随着色氨酸浓度的升高,矿物的合成表现为黄钾铁矾向施氏矿物转移.     

蚌埠市龙子河水生生物现状调查及分析

经监测调查，龙子河水体水生生物资源丰富。浮游植物有７门近百种，主要有绿藻类，硅藻类、蓝藻类、浮游动物主要有桡足类，枝角类，轮虫类等；底栖动物主要是蚌，螺类，水丝蚓等２１种。     

苏州市近地面臭氧时空分布特征及模拟分析

文章利用2016-2019年苏州市臭氧(O₃)环境监测站点数据,分析了苏州市O₃浓度的时空分布特征及其与NO₂、CO的相关性,并利用WRF-Chem模式模拟了苏州地区O₃高浓度事件来探究湖陆风对O₃迁移的影响。结果表明：苏州市O₃明显超标且2017年超标最为严重;O₃污染日具有明显的季节特征,以O₃作为首要污染物在春夏季尤为突出;月变化呈现双峰型特征,前2年峰值出现时间要略早于后2年;各季节日变化均为单峰型特征,在15:00前后浓度达到最高;空间上市区浓度整体高于周边城市,但在湖陆风盛行的2017年夏季截然相反;苏州市夏季存在明显的O₃“周末效应”,周末的夜间和上午O₃浓度高于工作日,而工作日在O₃峰值时段浓度更高;模拟的O₃高浓度事件证明了太湖湖陆风的存在,而高温时段湖风会将城区O₃往下风向的周边城市移...     

战略环境评价系统及工作程序

介绍了战略环境评价系统组成的五个要素 ,即评价者、评价对象、评价目的、评价标准和评价方法 ,分析了其相互关系及各要素与战略环境评价系统的关系 ,并提出了战略环境评价工作程序。     

Phenol depletion by thermally activated peroxydisulfate at 70°C

The ability of thermal activated peroxydisulfate (PS) of mineralizing phenol at 70 °C from contaminated waters is investigated. Phenol in concentrations of 10⁻⁴ to 5 × 10⁻⁴ M is quantitatively depleted by 5 × 10⁻³ to 10⁻² M activated PS in 15 min of reaction. However, mineralization of the organic carbon is not observed. Instead, an insoluble phenol polymer-type product is formed. A reaction mechanism including the formation of phenoxyl radicals and validated by computer simulations is proposed. High molecular weight phenolic products are formed by phenoxyl radical H-abstraction reactions. This is not the case for the room temperature degradation of phenol by sulfate radicals where sulfate addition to the aromatic ring mainly leads to the generation of hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals leading to hydroxybenzenes and oxidized open chain products. Therefore, a change in the reaction mechanism is observed with increasing temperature, and thermal activation of PS at 70 °C does not lead to the mineralization of phenol. Thus PS activation at 70 °C may be considered a potential method to reduce the load of phenol in polluted waters by polymerization.     

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in leachates from selected landfill sites in South Africa

The last few decades have seen dramatic growth in the scale of production and the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as flame retardants. Consequently, PBDEs such as BDE -28, -47, -66, -71, -75, -77, -85, -99, -100, -119, -138, -153, -154, and -183 have been detected in various environmental matrices. Generally, in South Africa, once the products containing these chemicals have outlived their usefulness, they are discarded into landfill sites. Consequently, the levels of PBDEs in leachates from landfill sites may give an indication of the general exposure and use of these compounds. The present study was aimed at determining the occurrence and concentrations of most common PBDEs in leachates from selected landfill sites. The extraction capacities of the solvents were also tested. Spiked landfill leachate samples were used for the recovery tests. Separation and determination of the PBDE congeners were carried out with a gas chromatograph equipped with Ni63 electron capture detector. The mean percentage recoveries ranged from 63% to 108% (n=3) for landfill leachate samples with petroleum ether giving the highest percentage extraction. The mean concentrations of PBDEs obtained ranged from ND to 2670pgl(-1), ND to 6638pgl(-1), ND to 7230pgl(-1), 41 to 4009pgl(-1), 90 to 9793pgl(-1) for the Garankuwa, Hatherly, Kwaggarsrand, Soshanguve and Temba landfill sites, respectively. Also BDE -28, -47, -71 and BDE-77 were detected in the leachate samples from all the landfill sites; and all the congeners were detected in two of the oldest landfill sites. The peak concentrations were recorded for BDE-47 at three sites and BDE-71 and BDE-75 at two sites. The highest concentration, 9793+/-1.5pgl(-1), was obtained for the Temba landfill site with the highest BOD value. This may suggest some influence of organics on the level of PBDEs. Considering the leaching characteristics of brominated flame retardants, there is a high possibility that with time these compounds may infiltrate into the groundwater around the sites since most of the sites are not adequately lined.     

归绍文研制成功微机校验台

湖北襄樊市第二汽车制造厂仪表厂助理技师归绍文经过多年刻苦攻关,研制成功了微机校验台,为使汽车仪表装配工人消除传统生产方式造成的视觉疲劳提供了条件。 在这以前,该厂校验汽油、油压、水温三种仪表的校验台是指针式的标准表。校验时,要求表面显示必须是“三条线成一线”。为了保证精度,工人的眼睛必须一动不动地盯着刻度指针,时间久了,眼睛又酸又胀,以致头痛头晕。这样的工作,年轻工人在视力正常情况下还可以坚持,但一近中年,由于视力减退,就不得不改换工种了。 为了改变校验工人的劳动条件,归绍文下决心改制日的校验台。从1978年开始,…