Relationship between groundwater cadmium and vicinity resident urine cadmium levels in the non-ferrous metal smelting area,China

● This study systematically examined the relationship between groundwater Cd and UCL. ● The study covered 211 UCL and sociological characteristic from nine groundwater samples. ● We found a significant positive correlation between groundwater Cd and UCL. ● Smoking status and education level also significantly affected UCL. Cadmium (Cd) has received widespread attention owing to its persistent toxicity and non-degradability. Cd in the human body is mainly absorbed from the external environment and is usually assessed using urinary Cd. Hunan Province is the heartland of the Chinese non-ferrous mining area, where several serious Cd pollution events have occurred, including high levels of Cd in the urine of residents. However, the environmental factors influencing high urinary Cd levels (UCLs) in nearby residents remain unclear. Therefore, 211 nearby residents’ UCLs and the corresponding sociological characteristics from nine groundwater samples in this area were analyzed using statistical analysis models. Groundwater Cd concentration ranged from 0.02 to 1.15 μg/L, aligning with class III of the national standard; the range of UCL of nearby residents was 0.37–36.60 μg/L, exceeding the national guideline of 0–2.5 μg/L. Groundwater Cd levels were positively correlated with the UCL (P < 0.001, correlation coefficient 95 % CI = 9.68, R² = 0.06). In addition, sociological characteristics, such as smoking status and education level, also affect UCL. All results indicate that local governments should strengthen the prevention and abatement of groundwater Cd pollution. This study is the first to systematically evaluate the relationship between groundwater Cd and UCL using internal and external environmental exposure data. These findings provide essential bases for relevant departments to reduce Cd exposure in regions where the heavy metal industry is globally prevalent.     

A pyrazine based metal-organic framework for selective removal of copper from strongly acidic solutions

● pz-UiO-66 was synthesized facilely by a solvothermal method. ● Efficient capture of copper from highly acidic solution was achieved by pz-UiO-66. ● pz-UiO-66 exhibited excellent selectivity and capacity for copper capture. ● Pyrazine-N in pz-UiO-66 was shown to be the dominant adsorption site. The selective capture of copper from strongly acidic solutions is of vital importance from the perspective of sustainable development and environmental protection. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted the interest of many scholars for adsorption due to their fascinating physicochemical characteristics, including adjustable structure, strong stability and porosity. Herein, pz-UiO-66 containing a pyrazine structure is successfully synthesized for the efficient separation of copper from strongly acidic conditions. Selective copper removal at low pH values is accomplished by using this material that is not available in previously reported metal–organic frameworks. Furthermore, the material exhibits excellent adsorption capacity, with a theoretical maximum copper uptake of 247 mg/g. As proven by XPS and FT-IR analysis, the coordination of pyrazine nitrogen atoms with copper ions is the dominant adsorption mechanism of copper by pz-UiO-66. This work provides an opportunity for efficient and selective copper removal under strongly acidic conditions, and promises extensive application prospects for the removal of copper in the treatment for acid metallurgical wastewater.     

长江江豚监测现状及展望

长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis)是唯一淡水生活的鼠海豚类,近年来种群数量严重下降,2013年被世界自然保护联盟红色名录列为“极度濒危”,2021年升级为我国国家一级重点保护野生动物,2022年种群有所恢复。长江江豚是长江生态系统健康的指示物种,我国科学家自20世纪50年代开始监测至今,监测方法不断更新完善,对长江江豚现状的了解也越来越充分。该文回顾了截线抽样法、水下被动声学及自动实时监测系统、无人机、环境DNA等监测方法的应用及取得的成效,分析监测方法存在的不足,预测技术发展趋势,提出改进建议,为长江江豚的监测及保护提供基本参考。     

鄱阳湖南矶湿地沉积物粒级组成特征及搬运趋势分析

沉积物的粒级组成特征对于分析湿地沉积环境和搬运趋势有着重要意义。基于自然保护区沉积物样品，利用粒度分析、Shepard三角图、C-M图、端元分析和GSTA搬运趋势模型，研究分析了鄱阳湖南矶湿地沉积物的粒级组成特征、沉积类型、动力环境和泥沙搬运趋势。结果表明，鄱阳湖南矶湿地沉积物主要以细粉砂为主，平均值为55.35%。沉积物粒度参数中平均粒径均值为5.24Φ，空间分布上具有由西南至东北Φ值逐渐减小的趋势。沉积物质地类型主要为粉砂、粘土质粉砂、砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂，其中粉砂约占62.5%。端元分析的结果显示EM1和EM2可能与鄱阳湖本身湖流带来的沉积物搬运有关，EM3则指示了赣江泥沙来源，EM4可能与局地小环境的水动力变化有关。鄱阳湖南矶湿地沉积物粒径趋势格局以东部向西部、北部向南部最为显著，鄱阳湖南矶湿地是在赣江与鄱阳湖之间复杂交互作用下形成。     

武汉城市圈土地利用变化系统仿真模拟与驱动力分析

土地利用变化是全球环境变化与可持续研究的重要内容,驱动力研究是土地利用变化研究中的核心问题。现有土地利用变化驱动力研究多针对单一的城市区域展开,无法解释城市群地区,城市一体化战略指导下城市交互作用对土地利用变化的影响。运用系统动力学(SD)方法,综合考虑经济、人口、城市化、政策等主要人文因素,并将城市交互作用因素引入SD,以武汉城市圈为例,构建土地利用变化系统SD模型,运用1997~2006年的历史数据进行检验,并对武汉城市圈2010~2020年不同情景下的土地利用变化进行模拟。结果表明,建立的SD模型是有效的,两种情景下土地利用变化表现出差异性,说明城市交互作用是除经济、人口城市化等社会经济因素外,土地利用变化的又一重要影响因素。     

湖北省应急物资保障体系探析

为深入贯彻落实习近平总书记关于健全统一的应急物资保障体系,把应急物资保障作为国家应急管理体系建设重要内容的重要讲话精神,总结分析湖北省应急物资保障体系现状,针对湖北省自然灾害和事故灾难救援救灾任务的情况,分析目前湖北省应急物资保障体系存在的问题及对策措施,为"十四五"提升应急物资保障能力提供参考.     

盐度变化对崇明东部河口潮滩氮营养盐循环影响实验模拟研究

以长江口咸淡水交互作用最为典型岸段崇明东部潮滩作为研究区域,运用实验模拟方法,定量地研究了盐度变化对潮滩生态系中无机氮的迁移、转化过程的影响。结果发现,盐度升高有利于沉积物中的NH4-N向上覆水扩散,但NO2-N和NO3-N的界面扩散呈现相反的变化趋势;沉积物中可交换态无机氮含量变化特征显示,在盐度变化剧烈的潮滩生态系统内,硝化作用可能是控制沉积物(尤其是表层沉积物)中无机氮分布的重要因素。     

底栖穴居动物对潮滩N迁移转化的影响

以软体动物河蚬(Corbiculafluminea)为例,运用实验模拟的方法,通过对上覆水、孔隙水和沉积物的对比分析,研究了底栖动物对潮滩N迁移转化的影响。实验结果发现,河蚬主要通过排泄和生物扰动影响N在沉积物-水界面间的迁移转化。在富氧的环境下,底栖动物的活动结果使NO3 N在上覆水中有明显的持续累积效应,NH4 N在较深层孔隙水中积累,而NO2 N易在沉积物中累积。     

京津冀地区大气主要污染物虚拟治理成本分摊研究

京津冀地区空气质量跨区域补偿机制欠缺,已成为制约该区域大气污染联防联控的短板.基于投入产出模型,核算了 2017年生产者负责原则与消费者负责原则下京津冀地区大气污染虚拟治理成本,分析了空气质量补偿主体及资金规模.结果发现,京津冀地区污染物排放具有较强的区域关联关系,说明治理大气污染不只要关注本地减排,还要加强不同地区间...     

沉积物中多环芳烃和有机氯农药定量分析的质量保证和质量控制

以美国ＥＰＡ为方法为基础,进行了沉积物中多环芳烃和有机氯农药分析的质量保证和质量控制实验,采用回收率指示物控制回收率,用内标法定量。结果表明多环芳烃的指示物回收率为５０．６７－９７．３３％,目标化合物的回收率为５８．６７－９６．３３％,方法检测限为３．３０－９．２６μｇ．ｋｇ＾－１。