环境保险在中国的可行性探讨

在解决环境问题的过程中，包含着诸多的商机，环境保险就是其中一例。环境保险属于责任保险的一种，介绍了环境保险在西方发达国家的发展与实践，并结合我国保险业的现状，得出在我国施行环境保险，既是我国保险业自身发展的需要，也是企业规避风险的需要。     

铁,镍,锰的火焰塞曼原子吸收分光光度分析

运用火焰塞曼原子吸收对铁、镍、锰等谱线较复杂的元素进行了测定，在实验的基础上，提出了仪器最佳工作条件，并对该分析方法的灵敏度、精密度及准确度进行了探讨。     

Observation-based sources evolution of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in a megacity of China

Both concentrations and emissions of many air pollutants have been decreasing due to implement of control measures in China, in contrast to the fact that an increase in emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) has been reported. This study employed seven years continuous NMHCs measurements and the related activities data of Shanghai, a megacity in China, to explore evolution of emissions and effectiveness of air pollution control measures. The mixing ratio of NMHCs showed no statistical interannual changes, of which their compositions exhibited marked changes. This resulted in a decreasing trend of ozone formation potential by 3.8%/year (p < 0.05, the same below), which should be beneficial to ozone pollution mitigation as its production in Shanghai is in the NMHCs-limited regime. Observed alkanes, aromatics and acetylene changed by +3.7%/year, -5.9%/year and -7.4%/year, respectively, and alkenes showed no apparent trend. NMHCs sources were apportioned by a positive matrix factorization model. Accordingly, vehicular emissions (-5.9%/year) and petrochemical industry emissions (-7.1%/year) decreased significantly, but the decrease slowed down; significant reduction in solvent usage (-9.0%/year) appeared after 2010; however, emissions of natural gas (+12.6%/year) and fuel evaporation (with an increasing fraction) became more important. The inconsistency between observations and inventories was found in interannual trend and speciation as well as source contributions, emphasizing the need for further validation in NMHCs emission inventory. Our study confirms the effectiveness of measures targeting mobile and centralized emissions from industrial sources and reveals a need focusing on fugitive emissions, which provided new insights into future air policies in polluted region.     

硒对镰刀菌毒素毒性抑制作用的初步研究

用动物试验确定硒(Ⅳ)对镰刀菌中一种尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)毒素的毒性有抑制作用。用人胚软骨细胞实验也初步观察到相似的结果,对该菌属代谢物之一镰刀菌酸与硒的化学作用进行了初步探讨。     

Adverse effects of triclosan on kidney in mice: Implication of lipid metabolism disorders

Triclosan (TCS) is a ubiquitous antimicrobial used in daily consumer products. Previous reports have shown that TCS could induce hepatotoxicity, endocrine disruption, disturbance on immune function and impaired thyroid function. Kidney is critical in the elimination of toxins, while the effects of TCS on kidney have not yet been well-characterized. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of TCS exposure on kidney function and the possible underlying mechanisms in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally exposed to TCS with the doses of 10 and 100 mg/(kg•day) for 13 weeks. TCS was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted by corn oil for exposure. Corn oil containing DMSO was used as vehicle control. Serum and kidney tissues were collected for study. Biomarkers associated with kidney function, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis were assessed. Our results showed that TCS could cause renal injury as was revealed by increased levels of renal function markers including serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid, as well as increased oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic markers in a dose dependent manner, which were more significantly in 100 mg/(kg•day) group. Mass spectrometry-based analysis of metabolites related with lipid metabolism demonstrated the occurrence of lipid accumulation and defective fatty acid oxidation in 100 mg/(kg•day) TCS-exposed mouse kidney. These processes might lead to lipotoxicity and energy depletion, thus resulting in kidney fibrosis and functional decline. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that TCS could induce lipid accumulation and fatty acid metabolism disturbance in mouse kidney, which might contribute to renal function impairment. The present study further widens our insights into the adverse effects of TCS.     

复合氧化物用于汽车排气催化氧化的实验研究

本文制备出一种非贵金属复合氧化物催化剂 ,可用于治理汽车排气中的 CO和 HC,初步研究了其对 CO和 C3 H6的催化氧化效果 ,实验结果表明 ,该催化剂具有较好的催化氧化能力     

入世后环保要求与企业行为的风险、策略分析

入世后，随着未来市场对产品的环保要求越来越高，消费者希望产品能满足某种使用效用的同时，还希望其环境效益最大化。针对变化多端的市场，企业不得不同时面对各种挑战、机遇和风险并作出相应的战略决策。本文通过分析环保要求对企业行为的作用机理及为确保入世后企业的健康发展提出了相应的对策。     

韧性剪切作用与深源流体演化和金矿化的耦合关系

流体形成演化是当前地球科学的前沿领域，但构造-流体-成矿作用的研究仍很薄弱。文章通过对流体性质的分析，探讨了地质作用过程中流体演化、韧性剪切带中流体演化与矿化的关系。提出当韧性剪切转为脆性剪切时产生的扩容，导致深源流体发生骤然减压冷却，并与地壳浅部流体混合，发生与围岩的交代反应而形成热液蚀变。成矿作用发生于深源流体与上地壳流体的“混合”阶段及流体与围岩交代反应阶段。     

利用芬顿试剂处理硝基苯类生产废水的研究

硝基苯类物质生产废水中含有大量的硝基苯类衍生物 ,属难生物降解类化合物。本研究利用芬顿试剂对该废水进行处理 ,废水的CODcr、硝基苯含量 (NB)及色度的去除率分别达到 60 %、90 %和 82 %以上 ,废水的可生化性得到较大幅度的提高 ,为后续处理创造了条件     

染料废水处理的有效工艺

为解决染料废水的治理问题，在工艺试验研究的基础上，成功的采用了“预处理－电化学还原－混凝沉淀－厌氧－＝接触氧化”工艺，并设计出一套处理能力为８０ｍ＾２／ｄ的工艺，经运行检测各项指标均达到国家二级排放标准，其中ＣＯＤｃｒ、色度、硝基苯、苯胺类的去除率分别为９９．２％、９９．９９％、９９．９％、９９．３５。经过运行证帝该工艺性能稳定、操作简单、投资省、运转成本低易行管理。