低山丘陵区土地整理与可持续发展研究——以广安区为例

为探讨低山丘陵区土地整理的模式，利用MAPGIS软件综合处理研究区大量与土地利用相关的基础数据。针对低山丘陵区土地资源利用的现状及特点，从多方面说明土地整理的迫切性。依据经济、社会、生态相统一的目标，划定3个土地开发整理区，确定开发整理的方向及重点。研究得出土地整理是改善用地结构、协调人地矛盾的有效途径。结论：土地整理应首先以保护耕地数量和质量为核心，集约利用土地，促进耕地总量动态平衡；加强土地管理，提高土地的利用率和综合效益。     

Urban stormwater disinfection, quality variability during storage and influence on the freshwater algae: Implications for reuse safety

Stormwater reuse is one of the most important ways to mitigate water resource shortage. However, urban stormwater contains many bacteria species, which threaten the reuse safety. Therefore, stormwater disinfection is highly needed. Although disinfection has been widely conducted in the drinking water and reclaimed water, it is rarely carried out for stormwater. This study collected the roof stormwater and undertook chlorination disinfection. Two typical bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) were selected in this study to investigate the disinfection efficiency. It is found that bacteria species present in the stormwater had an important influence on disinfection efficiency while the original stormwater quality did not show an obvious affect. However, when the disinfected stormwater was stored, the stormwater quality was highly variable during its storage process and the variability was affected by bacteria species. The S.aureus containing stormwater showed a high variability of quality and S.aureus significantly regrew. However, the E.coli containing stormwater quality had a relatively low variability and E.coli did not significantly regrew. Additionally, it is noted that after storage, the dissolved form of stormwater was more positive to the freshwater algae's growth while the particulate form (including bacteria and other particulate matters) was less. This implies that a further treatment such as filtration is needed before the stored stormwater is recharged into receiving waters in order to remove particulate forms. These research outcomes can provide useful insight to effective stormwater disinfection and ensure reuse safety.     

控制车用汽油有害物质降低机动车排放

首先介绍了汽油成分的基本特性，及不同组分对于排放的影响。汽油组成中硫对汽车排放影响较大；芳烃和苯的排放对人体健康有害；烯烃不仅是影响发动机喷嘴、进气阀及燃烧室沉积物生成的重要因素，而且影响光化学烟雾的形成。中国汽油的特点是烯烃含量高，芳烃和苯含量低，硫含量有上升的趋势。还介绍了国外汽油组成的变化趋势和发展动向，根据上述特点，在《车用汽油有害物质控制标准》中对９ 项指标提出了上限值：苯为２－５ ％ ；烯烃为３５ ％ ；芳烃为４０ ％ ；锰为１８ ｍｇ／Ｌ；铅为１３ ｍｇ／Ｌ；磷为１－３ ｍｇ／Ｌ；硫为０－０８ ％ ；铁和铜不得检出     

A new hypothesis for the etiology of Kaschin-Beck disease

Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) could be exogeneous free radical induced endemic osteoarthropathy under conditions of lacking necessary antioxidant defences.especially selenium-cored defence in Chinese eco-en-vironment. Experimental evidences have been provided for the internal relations among previously suggested pathologic factors, i.e., selenium deficiency, organic matters of drinking waterand mycotoxins from contaminated grains, based on the facts that the former is a preventory factor while the others are exogenous freeradical carriers. ESR spectrum shows that these exogenous free radical carriers have a property of semi-quinone compounds and are toxic in in-vitro cartilage cell culture and animal tests in inducing lipid peroxidation process.     

三层复合板的r值研究

通过拉伸实验测试了不锈钢 /铝合金 /不锈钢三层复合板的厚向异性系数r,并分析了扩散退火对r值的影响及r值对板材成形性能的影响。分析表明 :扩散退火会降低r值和提高n值。用平均r值和rmin 来判断拉延危险断面的抗拉强度其误差在 6 %左右。     

不同空速下Pd／CeZrOv／γ—Al2O3的起燃特性

以渍法制备了Pd/CeZrOv/γ-Al2O3三效催化剂。在不同空速下，分别考察了空速对催化剂T30％、T50％、T90％的影响规律。详细分析了不同空速对催化剂起燃特性产生不同影响的原因所在。Pd/CeZrOv/γ-Al2O3催化剂具有很好的起燃能力及空速特性。     

有机化合物水中溶解度的测定与估算

本文介绍用摇瓶法、产生柱法和动态联柱高效液相色谱法等方法测定有机化合物在水中溶解度的研究方法,同时给出了某些农药、硝基多环芳烃和氯苯类化合物的水中溶解度的实验数值.     

铅胁迫下La(NO3)3对油菜抗氧化酶的影响

用盆栽实验研究了 1g·kg- 1和 2g·kg- 1铅胁迫下 ,分别以 0 1 ,0 3和 0 5g·l- 1La(NO3 ) 3 溶液浸种 ,然后测定油菜幼苗中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性和脂质过氧化产物丙二醛 (MDA)的含量 ,以及油菜幼苗生长的情况 .结果表明 ,稀土元素镧可以提高油菜幼苗地上和地下部分超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性 ,并降低丙二醛的含量 ,但是对于油菜幼苗生长的影响并不显著 ,显示镧能够在一定时间内抑制超氧阴离子自由基的产生以抵御铅的胁迫 .     

农药在土壤中迁移的研究方法

农药对地下水的污染已日益为人们密切关注，本文详细介绍了用土壤柱和土壤薄层层析法研究农药在土壤迁移行为用于预测或评价农药对地下水污染程度的研究方法。