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161.
162.
Francesca Bruno Peter Guttorp Paul D. Sampson Daniela Cocchi 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2009,16(4):515-529
The past two decades have witnessed an increasing interest in the use of space-time models for a wide range of environmental
problems. The fundamental tool used to embody both the temporal and spatial components of the phenomenon in question is the
covariance model. The empirical estimation of space-time covariance models can prove highly complex if simplifying assumptions
are not employed. For this reason, many studies assume both spatiotemporal stationarity, and the separability of spatial and
temporal components. This second assumption is often unrealistic from the empirical point of view. This paper proposes the
use of a model in which non-separability arises from temporal non-stationarity. The model is used to analyze tropospheric
ozone data from the Emilia-Romagna Region of Italy. 相似文献
163.
Elisa Chiarati Daniela Canestrari Marta Vila Ruben Vera Vittorio Baglione 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(9):1791-1800
Offspring delayed dispersal is the principal mechanism leading to formation of kin-based societies. It has been suggested
that parents promote offspring philopatry by providing them with preferential access to the food resources of the territory
and that parental tolerance may be affected by territory quality. However, few studies have addressed this hypothesis in kin-living
vertebrate species. Here, we show that in cooperative breeding groups of carrion crows (Corvus corone corone) containing retained offspring and immigrants, dominant breeding males behaved nepotistically on an experimental source of
food by (1) attacking immigrants with more frequency and intensity than offspring and (2) associating preferentially with
their offspring on the feeding spot and sharing food with them. This parental facilitation allowed the offspring to spend
more time feeding than higher-rank immigrants. We also found that a year-round experimental food supplementation neither increased
breeding males’ tolerance nor relented the overall aggressiveness in the groups. This indicates that higher natal philopatry
observed on fed territories compared to unfed ones is not a consequence of a more benign social environment. Rather, it suggests
that offspring value territory resource wealth and adjust the timing of dispersal accordingly. 相似文献
164.
Cristina Abbate Daniela Borzì Pierluigi Caboni Andrea Baglieri Mara Gennari 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):843-849
A study was conducted to investigate fenhexamid (FEX) behavior in soil and in water. FEX proved to be rather stable at acid pH but showed slight degradation at neutral and alkaline pH. After 101 days of FEX spiking of a soil sample, 94% at pH 4, 12% at pH 7 and 23% at pH 9 of the active ingredient was still present. In natural water the rate of FEX disappearance appeared to be slow which may be due to abiotic rather than biotic processes. The soil degradation tests showed low persistence of the active ingredient if a good microflora activity is guaranteed (DT50 about 1 day). Moreover, in absence of microorganisms, FEX proved to be stable. Humidities of 25 and 50% of Water Holding Capacity (WHC) influenced in equal measure the rate of degradation. From the same soil, a bacterium was isolated and identified as Bacillus megaterium, which was able to metabolize FEX with the hydroxylation of the cyclohexane ring. Moreover, FEX showed an elevated affinity for humic acid (73%), smectite (31%), and ferrihydrite(20%) and low affinity for vermiculite (11%) and kaolinite (7%). 相似文献
165.
Renato Baciocchi Ennio Carnevale Giulia Costa Renato Gavasci Lidia Lombardi Tommaso Olivieri Laura Zanchi Daniela Zingaretti 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(12):2694-2705
This work analyzes the performance of an innovative biogas upgrading method, Alkali absorption with Regeneration (AwR) that employs industrial residues and allows to permanently store the separated CO2. This process consists in a first stage in which CO2 is removed from the biogas by means of chemical absorption with KOH or NaOH solutions followed by a second stage in which the spent absorption solution is contacted with waste incineration Air Pollution Control (APC) residues. The latter reaction leads to the regeneration of the alkali reagent in the solution and to the precipitation of calcium carbonate and hence allows to reuse the regenerated solution in the absorption process and to permanently store the separated CO2 in solid form. In addition, the final solid product is characterized by an improved environmental behavior compared to the untreated residues. In this paper the results obtained by AwR tests carried out in purposely designed demonstrative units installed in a landfill site are presented and discussed with the aim of verifying the feasibility of this process at pilot-scale and of identifying the conditions that allow to achieve all of the goals targeted by the proposed treatment. Specifically, the CO2 removal efficiency achieved in the absorption stage, the yield of alkali regeneration and CO2 uptake resulting for the regeneration stage, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid product are analyzed as a function of the type and concentration of the alkali reagent employed for the absorption reaction. 相似文献
166.
167.
168.
Sabina Toś-Luty Janina Halliop Jadwiga Latuszyńska Maciej Latalski Alina Tochman Daniela Obuchowska 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(2):167-178
We studied the effect of chlorfenvinphos dermal absorption on the morphological picture of blood, on the histological and fine structure of tail skin, and on the histological structure of internal organs (lungs, heart, liver, spleen, and kidney) of rats. This study was conducted on 25 white Wistar rats, the tail skin of which was—or was not—hydrated before exposure. Rat tails were soaked in 0.5% or 0.05% chlorfenvinphos for 1 hr day for 3 months. Evident tendencies for a decrease in the absolute level of leukocytes and for an increase in the absolute level of erythrocytes in all experimental animals were observed. Histopathological changes in the internal organs were mildly manifested in only a few rats, mainly as liver and pulmonary hyperaemia. Rat tail skin at the direct exposure site showed hyperceratosis, intensive desquamation, and compensatory hyperplasia. 相似文献
169.
Buzica D Gerboles M Amantini L Ballesta PP De Saeger E 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2005,7(2):169-174
The influence of environmental parameters on the uptake rate of the nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) Palmes diffusive sampler was investigated. The main factors affecting the uptake rate were found to be wind speed, the preponderant factor, followed by relative humidity and temperature. The NO(2) concentration and exposure time, as well as the interactions among the factors were not found to have a significant influence on the uptake rate of the Palmes sampler. As a result, a model able to predict the uptake rate of the Palmes sampler was established. In addition, by using the model-predicted uptake rate, the agreement between chemiluminescence and the Palmes sampler during the field tests was improved. The NO(2) Palmes diffusive sampler was shown to comply with the requirement on accuracy defined by the European Directive for the indicative methods of measurements. 相似文献
170.
Giuliana Mancini Marco Perona Concetta Daniela Dall'Amico Carla Bollati Albano Fulvia Professor Angelo Oscar Carbonara 《黑龙江环境通报》1992,12(7):619-624
A marked gestational-age-dependent variation in the 15-20th week pattern of human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations in Down's syndrome (DS) pregnancies is described and its weight in DS screening is discussed. 相似文献