WS2对Fe2+/过氧化钙类芬顿体系降解双酚A的助催化作用

Fe²⁺/过氧化钙类芬顿体系(Fe²⁺/CaO₂)在实际应用中易受到铁离子循环缓慢的限制.因此,本研究利用商业WS₂作为Fe²⁺/CaO₂体系的助催化剂以促进Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺快速循环,进而高效降解双酚A(BPA).在最佳条件下,WS₂/Fe²⁺/CaO₂体系在15 min内对BPA(10 mg·L^-1)的降解率为99.7%.同时,该体系展示出良好的应用前景,可适用于多种水体,亦可高效降解多种难降解有机污染物.自由基淬灭实验和EPR分析表明,羟基自由基(·OH)、单线态氧(¹O₂)和超氧自由基(·O₂^-)是BPA降解的主要活性氧物种,其中·OH贡献最大.WS₂表面暴露的W⁴⁺还原性位点,促进了Fe...     

Enantiomer fractions instead of enantiomer ratios

The use of enantiomer ratios (ERs) to indicate the relative amounts of a pair of enantiomers in a sample has some disadvantages. Enantiomer fractions (EFs) are proposed as an alternative expression to eliminate the difficulties.     

环境污染对生态危害经济损失评估模式的研究

定量评估环境污染对生态环境危害的经济损失,是环境科学研究的课题。本文从风险评价和环境经济学角度,提出环境污染对生态环境危害经济损失的评估模式。     

河流水质综合评价方法的统一和改进

在分析我国河流水质综合评价方法存在的问题以及河流水质综合评价方法研究现状的基础上 ,以国家对全国水环境质量系统管理需要为目的 ,提出了对河流水质综合评价方法的要求 ,并针对综合污染指数法的缺陷 ,提出了改进的综合水质指数方法     

Pollution,habitat loss,fishing, and climate change as critical threats to penguins

Cumulative human impacts across the world's oceans are considerable. We therefore examined a single model taxonomic group, the penguins (Spheniscidae), to explore how marine species and communities might be at risk of decline or extinction in the southern hemisphere. We sought to determine the most important threats to penguins and to suggest means to mitigate these threats. Our review has relevance to other taxonomic groups in the southern hemisphere and in northern latitudes, where human impacts are greater. Our review was based on an expert assessment and literature review of all 18 penguin species; 49 scientists contributed to the process. For each penguin species, we considered their range and distribution, population trends, and main anthropogenic threats over the past approximately 250 years. These threats were harvesting adults for oil, skin, and feathers and as bait for crab and rock lobster fisheries; harvesting of eggs; terrestrial habitat degradation; marine pollution; fisheries bycatch and resource competition; environmental variability and climate change; and toxic algal poisoning and disease. Habitat loss, pollution, and fishing, all factors humans can readily mitigate, remain the primary threats for penguin species. Their future resilience to further climate change impacts will almost certainly depend on addressing current threats to existing habitat degradation on land and at sea. We suggest protection of breeding habitat, linked to the designation of appropriately scaled marine reserves, including in the High Seas, will be critical for the future conservation of penguins. However, large‐scale conservation zones are not always practical or politically feasible and other ecosystem‐based management methods that include spatial zoning, bycatch mitigation, and robust harvest control must be developed to maintain marine biodiversity and ensure that ecosystem functioning is maintained across a variety of scales. Contaminación, Pérdida de Hábitat, Pesca y Cambio Climático como Amenazas Críticas para los Pingüinos     

通过残留水再利用绿化干旱城市:智利北部的多学科项目

本文描述了智利北部的一个项目,其目的是促进处于普遍缺水及土壤和水中含盐量高条件下的干旱地区适当绿地和花园的发展.现场研究试验了选定的本地和引入的观赏植物的适合性.植物生长、水和土壤质量、海洋飞沫、气候、废水处理以及灌溉作业问题等是专门研究和探讨的课题.     

半固态连续触变挤压成形技术

半固态连续触变挤压成形技术是一种新的加工技术 ,将半固态技术、铸造和挤压技术融为一体的连续触变挤压技术 ,是半固态技术在材料制备领域的一个发展 ,文中主要针对复合材料、易偏析材料和脆性材料的制备     

水生植物在滇池湿地景观设计中的应用

以滇池湿地景观设计为研究对象，介绍了水生植物在湿地景观设计中的作用和原则以及水生植物的选择、配置和生物浮岛技术的运用。