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591.
A fungal strain capable of utilizing metsulfuron-methyl as sole carbon and energy sources was isolated from a metsulfuron-methyl treated soil. The degradation characteristics of metsulfuron-methyl by this fungal strain were investigated in liquid culture and soil. More than 79% of metsulfuron-methyl at concentrations of 0.10 mgl(-1), 1.0 mgl(-1) and 10.0 mgl(-1) in pure culture was degraded by strain MD after incubation for 7 days, whereas only 5.6%, 8.6% and 13.1% of metsulfuron-methyl were degraded at levels of 0.10 mgl(-1), 1.0mgl(-1) and 10.0 mgl(-1) in the controls, respectively. The incorporation of strain MD into soil was found to substantially increase the degradation of metsulfuron-methyl. Degradation was 7.5 and 3.8 times faster in strain MD amended soils than in sterilized and fresh soils. The results show that addition of the isolated strain MD enhances degradation of metsulfuron-methyl in water and soil. 相似文献
592.
Reverse osmosis sampling does not affect the protective effect of dissolved organic matter on copper and zinc toxicity to freshwater organisms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a significant role in protecting freshwater organisms against metal toxicity. To study this, reverse osmosis (RO) has been widely used as a highly efficient method for rapid collection of large quantities of DOM from natural surface waters. The objective of this study was to examine the potential impact of the RO isolation technique on the protective effects of DOM on the toxicity of copper and zinc to the cladoceran Daphnia magna and the green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. DOM was concentrated from a natural surface water using RO and at the same time a natural (unconcentrated) surface water was taken. The concentrated DOM was rediluted to the level of the natural water to obtain the so-called reconstituted water. Chemical analyses and toxicity tests were performed with both the natural surface water and the reconstituted water. First, most chemical parameters were not significantly changed by the RO sampling. For both copper and zinc, no significant differences were observed in 48 h-EC50s for D. magna and in 72 h-EC50s for P. subcapitata between the reconstituted water and the natural water. Hence, it may be concluded that reverse osmosis does not significantly affect the protective effect of natural DOM against copper and zinc toxicity. 相似文献
593.
Leverett R. Smith Thomas M. Holsen Noel C. Ibay Ronald M. Block Anthony B. De Leon 《Chemosphere》1985,14(9):1383-1389
We have studied the acute toxicity of fluoride ion to , , and juvenile . LC50 values varied with species and (due to precipitation) initial water hardness. Exposure to elevated fluoride levels in water resulted in increased blood fluoride levels in . 相似文献
594.
本文报道了富伦纸业通过工艺与设备的调整与改造,工艺全程控制与末端综合治理,不但治理了环境污染,还获得了一定的经济效益。 相似文献
595.
596.
GUAN Ming ZHENG De |ming YU Ya |qin ZHAO Jie |xu BI Wen |xiang WU Di LING Jing DU Wei XIA Yu |Yong GAO Shen SUN Wei |wei GUAN Ci |nan WANG Yan |li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2000,(Z1)
Inrecentyears,mercurycontaminationhasbeen paid greatattentiontoovertheworld(Zilloux ,1993;Monamy ,1993;Guan ,1994;Yang ,1992 ;Li,1993;1994;SCOPE ,1994) .TheprincipalfocusistodecreaseHgcontaminationinordertoprotecttheecosystemenvironmentandthehuman’shealth .Itisdifferentfrom“mi… 相似文献
597.
Dr. Lilian M. Lopes Sang Choon Cha Edécio Armbruster De Moraes Marcelo Zugaib 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(2):183-185
Fetal echocardiography was performed during the third trimester in a normal primigravida. The fetal heart was severely affected with the typical cardiac manifestations of Marfan syndrome. The medical history of the father was investigated and a mild form of the syndrome was diagnosed. The neonate died at 2 months of age of congestive heart failure. 相似文献
598.
A.?M.?Pugliese G.?Bini M.?De?Pirro G.?Pepeu G.?ChelazziEmail author 《Marine Biology》2004,144(5):955-960
The effect of cholinergic antagonists on the bradycardia induced by waterborne copper in the Mediterranean limpet Patella caerulea was investigated by using non-invasive recording of cardiac activity of whole animals. Preliminary tests were conducted to check the role of cholinergic and serotoninergic systems in the control of heart rate of P. caerulea. Superfusing the whole limpets with carbachol (cholinergic agonist) at 5×10–5 M produced a negative inotropic and chronotropic effect (bradycardia), while superfusion with 5-hydroxytryptamine produced a positive inotropic and chronotropic effect (tachycardia). Exposure of limpets to a solution of copper in artificial seawater (0.25 mg l–1, 3 h) reduced their heart rate to about 80% the value recorded in copper-free water. This bradycardia was inhibited by injecting the limpets with atropine (cholinergic muscarinic antagonist) at 21 g g–1 wet flesh weight and with benzoquinonium [cholinergic nicotinic antagonist blocking the K+ mediated acetylcholine (ACh) response] at 10 and 100 g g–1 prior to copper exposure. In contrast, D-tubocurarine (cholinergic nicotinic antagonist blocking Na+ mediated ACh response) had no effect at 85 g g–1. These results agree with the involvement of the cholinergic system in the bradycardic response of limpets to copper, and support the view that gastropod ACh receptors do not fit the vertebrate nicotinic–muscarinic classification.Communicated by R. Cattaneo-Vietti, Genova 相似文献
599.
De Gregori I Fuentes E Rojas M Pinochet H Potin-Gautier M 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2003,5(2):287-295
This paper reports a comparative study of the concentration of three important environmental elements that are often found together in mineral deposits and then associated with mining activities; copper, arsenic and antimony. These elements were determined in 26 different agricultural soils from regions I, II and V in Chile, zones where the most important and biggest copper industries of this country are located. As background levels of these elements in soils have not been well established, in this study, both, impacted and non-impacted agricultural soils from different regions were considered. The relationships between the concentrations of these elements in soils were also examined. The concentration ranges for copper, arsenic and antimony were 11-530; 2.7-202 and 0.42-11 mg kg(-1) respectively. The copper concentrations in non-polluted soils from the north and central zone of Chile were similar. However, three sites from the north region have copper concentration as higher as 100 mg kg(-1), values that exceed the critical concentration for copper in soils. The concentration of arsenic and antimony in the north soils were higher than in non-impacted ones and, in the case of arsenic, greatly exceeded the world average concentration reported for this element in soils. The highest arsenic and antimony concentrations were found in Calama and Quillagua soils, two different sites in the Loa valley. The arsenic/antimony concentration ratio was higher in Quillagua soil. The high concentrations of three elements determined in impacted soils from region V (Puchuncaví and Catemu valleys) clearly shows the impact produced in this zone by the industrial and mining activities developed in their proximities. At Puchuncaví valley a clear decrease was observed in copper, arsenic and antimony concentrations in soils on the function of the distance from the industrial complex "Las Ventanas", and all concentrations exceeded the reported critical values for this matrix. Instead at Catemu valley, only the copper concentration was higher than this value. Statistically significant correlation was found for Cu-Sb in all soils; more significant Cu-As, Cu-Sb and Sb-As correlations were evaluated for soils from Puchuncaví and Catemu valleys, corroborating that high concentrations of copper, arsenic and antimony in these soils coming from the same pollution sources, the copper industry and the thermoelectric power plant. 相似文献
600.
Cornelis-Jan De Groot Annick Vermoesen Oswald Van Cleemput 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1994,31(1-2):183-189
The NO, NO2 and N2O emission was measured, upon application of nitrate, ammonium and both, to four Belgian soils with different characteristics. The addition of NH
4
+
caused higher NO and N2O emissions than the addition of no nitrogen, or the addition of NO
3
–
. In contrast to the two soils with a pH of approximately 8 the two soils with a pH around 6 showed a considerable delay in production of both NO and N2O upon the application of the ammonium, probably due to the lag-period of nitrification. The soils with a pH of 8 gave higher emissions on the application of NH
4
+
than the soils with a pH of 6. The emission of NO2 was found to be considerably lower than the NO emission from the soils. The NO/NO2 ratio varied between 5–25 at considerable NO emissions (>50 nmol kg–1). In the controls of soil 1 and soil 2, which showed very low NO emissions ratios of <1 were observed. The N2O/NO ratios varied between 5–20 when NO emissions were considerable (>50 nmol kg–1). Soil 3 and 4 gave lower N2O/NO ratios than soil 1 and 2. In the controls of soil 1 and soil 2, at low NO emissions, N2O/NO ratios of >300 were observed. Soil 3 and 4 gave higher NO/NO2 and lower N2O/NO ratios than soil 1 and 2. 相似文献