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651.
Habitat preserve systems have been established adjacent to the densely populated regions of southern California to support indigenous plant and animal species that are listed as rare, threatened, or endangered. Monitoring the condition of habitat across these broad preserves is necessary to ensure their long-term viability and may be effectively accomplished using remote sensing techniques with high spatial resolution visible and near-infrared (VNIR) multispectral imagery. The utility of 1 m spatial resolution VNIR imagery for detailed change detection and monitoring of Mediterranean-type ecosystems is assessed here. Image acquisition and preprocessing procedures were conducted to ensure that image-detected changes represented real changes and not artifacts. Change classification products with six spectral-based transition classes were generated using multiband image differencing (MID) for three change periods: 1998-1999, 1998-2001, and 1998-2005. Land cover changes relevant to habitat quality monitoring such as human-induced disturbance, fire, vegetation growth/recovery, and drought related vegetation stress were readily detected using the multitemporal VNIR imagery. Suggestions for operational habitat monitoring using image products and mobile geographic information system technologies are provided. 相似文献
652.
de Oliveira Maria Rayane Correia de Lima Silva Maria Gabriely Alcântara Isabel Sousa Filho Jaime Ribeiro Tintino Cícera Datiane de Morais Oliveira Magalhães Francisco Ernani Alves Martins Anita Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Pessoa Renata Torres Duarte Antonia Eliene da Costa José Galberto Martins de Lima Sidney Gonçalo Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo Capasso Raffaele de Menezes Irwin Rose Alencar 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(10):14958-14981
Environment, Development and Sustainability - This work aimed to analyze the chemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of the essential oil obtained... 相似文献
653.
Sheridan Scott C. Pirhalla Douglas E. Lee Cameron C. Ransibrahmanakul Varis 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(6):1853-1861
Regional Environmental Change - As sea levels have risen and continue to rise, the risk of coastal flooding has increased in turn. While many studies have examined specific extreme flooding events,... 相似文献
654.
Lorren K. Haywood Greg G. Forsyth Willem J. de Lange Douglas H. Trotter 《The Environmentalist》2017,37(2):230-240
New and emerging risks create growing uncertainty and unpredictability within enterprise risk management. While ISO 31000:2009 is a progressive risk management framework, it is limited in its guidance on how to contextualise complex risks. The application of systems thinking to risk management provides the opportunity to better understand complexity by viewing risk and the consequence of change as part of overall system behaviour. System modelling tools enable organisations to better contextualise their risk landscape. These tools assist organisations to identify vulnerabilities between social and ecological variables in the system within they exist. Determining drivers of change leading to system vulnerabilities can assist in understanding threshold limits of the system, thus enabling the organisation to build system resilience and organisational sustainability. 相似文献
655.
Kris Verheyen Margot Vanhellemont Harald Auge Lander Baeten Christopher Baraloto Nadia Barsoum Simon Bilodeau-Gauthier Helge Bruelheide Bastien Castagneyrol Douglas Godbold Josephine Haase Andy Hector Hervé Jactel Julia Koricheva Michel Loreau Simone Mereu Christian Messier Bart Muys Philippe Nolet Alain Paquette John Parker Mike Perring Quentin Ponette Catherine Potvin Peter Reich Andy Smith Martin Weih Michael Scherer-Lorenzen 《Ambio》2016,45(1):29-41
656.
Catherine Mouneyrac Pierre-Emmanuel Buffet Laurence Poirier Aurore Zalouk-Vergnoux Marielle Guibbolini Christine Risso-de Faverney Douglas Gilliland Déborah Berhanu Agnieszka Dybowska Amélie Châtel Hanane Perrein-Ettajni Jin-Fen Pan Hélène Thomas-Guyon Paul Reip Eugénia Valsami-Jones 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(13):7899-7912
The objective of this paper is to synthesize results from seven published research papers employing different experimental approaches to evaluate the fate of metal-based nanoparticles (Ag NPs, Au NPs, CuO NPs, CdS NPs, ZnO NPs) in the marine environment and their effects on two marine endobenthic species, the bivalve Scrobicularia plana and the ragworm Hediste diversicolor. The experiments were carried out under laboratory (microcosms) conditions or under environmentally realistic conditions in outdoor mesocosms. Based on results from these seven papers, we addressed the following research questions: (1) How did the environment into which nanoparticles were released affect their physicochemical properties?, (2) How did the route of exposure (seawater, food, sediment) influence bioaccumulation and effects?, (3) Which biomarkers were the most responsive? and (4) Which tools were the most efficient to evaluate the fate and effects of NPs in the marine environment? The obtained results showed that metal‐based NPs in general were highly agglomerated/aggregated in seawater. DGT tools could be used to estimate the bioavailability of metals released from NPs under soluble form in the aquatic environment. Both metal forms (nanoparticulate, soluble) were generally bioaccumulated in both species. Among biochemical tools, GST and CAT were the most sensitive revealing the enhancement of anti-oxidant defenses in both species exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of metal-based NPs. Apoptosis and genotoxicity were frequently observed. 相似文献
657.
Methane emissions from 20 landfills across the United States using vertical radial plume mapping 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Goldsmith CD Chanton J Abichou T Swan N Green R Haters G 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2012,62(2):183-197
Landfill fugitive methane emissions were quantified as a function of climate type and cover type at 20 landfills using US. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Other Test Method (OTM)-10 vertical radial plume mapping (VRPM) with tunable diode lasers (TDLs). The VRPM data were initially collected as g CH4/sec emission rates and subsequently converted to g CH4/m2/ day rates using two recently published approaches. The first was based upon field tracer releases of methane or acetylene and multiple linear regression analysis (MLRM). The second was a virtual computer model that was based upon the Industrial Source Complex (ISC3) and Pasquill plume stability class models (PSCMs). Calculated emission results in g CH4/m2/day for each measured VRPM with the two approaches agreed well (r2 = 0.93). The VRPM data were obtained from the working face, temporary soil, intermediate soil, and final soil or synthetic covers. The data show that methane emissions to the atmosphere are a function of climate and cover type. Humid subtropical climates exhibited the highest emissions for all cover types at 207, 127, 102, and 32 g CH4/m2/day, for working face (no cover), temporary, intermediate, and final cover, respectively. Humid continental warm summers showed 67, 51, and 27 g CH4/m2/day for temporary, intermediate, and final covers. Humid continental cool summers were 135, 40, and 26 g CH4/m2/day for the working face, intermediate, and final covers. Mediterranean climates were examined for intermediate and final covers only and found to be 11 and 6 g CH4/m2/day, respectively, whereas semiarid climates showed 85, 11, 3.7, and 2.7 g CH4/m2/day for working face, temporary, intermediate, and final covers. A closed, synthetically capped landfill covered with soil and vegetation with a gas collection system in a humid continental warm summer climate gave mostly background methane readings and average emission rates of only 0.09 g CH4/m2/day flux when measurable. 相似文献
658.
659.
John S. Evans Douglas W. Cooper 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1298-1303
Open sources are those stationary sources of air pollution too great in extent to be controlled through enclosure or ducting. Open sources of atmospheric particles include: wind erosion, tilling, and prescribed burning of agricultural cropland; surface mining and wind erosion of tailings piles; vehicular travel on both paved and unpaved roads; construction site activity; and forest fires. It is estimated that in 1976 the total open source emissions of particles in the U.S. amounted to over 580 × 106 ton. These estimates indicate that emissions from the two largest open source classes, travel on unpaved roads and agricultural wind erosion, accounted for 86% of this total. The open source emissions in ten states (AZ, CA, KS, MN, MT, NM, ND, OH, SD, TX) contributed 6 2% of the national emissions for 1976. 相似文献
660.
William A. Turner John D. Spengler Douglas W. Dockery Steven D. Colome 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):747-749
Personal exposure to respirable particulates and sulfates is being measured as a part of a long term prospective epidemiological study of the respiratory health effects of air pollution, the Harvard Six City Study.1 The purpose of this monitoring program is to develop better estimators of actual personal exposure from comparison of the direct measurements of personal exposure with simultaneous measurements of the normally measured outdoor air, the air inside each participant’s home, and records of the daily activities of each participant. Results are reported in a paper by Dockery and Spengler.2 相似文献