Excessive doses of toxic metals such as cobalt may cause detrimental hazards to exposed organisms. Six groups of onion bulbs were formed to investigate the therapeutic effects of grape seed extract (GSE) against cobalt(II) nitrate (Co(NO3)2) exposure in Allium cepa L. root tips. Control group was irrigated with tap water, while the latter groups were exposed to 150 mg/L GSE, 300 mg/L GSE, 5.5 ppm Co(NO3)2, 5.5 ppm Co(NO3)2 + 150 mg/L GSE and 5.5 ppm Co(NO3)2 + 300 mg/L GSE, respectively. Co(NO3)2 treatment seriously inhibited the root growth, germination and weight gain of the bulbs. Mitotic index was significantly decreased, whereas the chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei incidence exhibited a remarkable increase. In addition, Co(NO3)2 induced a variety of anatomical disorders in onion roots. Lipid peroxidation levels of the cellular membranes were assessed measuring the malondialdehyde content (MDA). MDA amount in Co(NO3)2-treated group reached the highest level among all groups. Co(NO3)2 treatment enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. The addition of GSE to Co(NO3)2 solution substantially suppressed the negative effects of Co(NO3)2 in a dose-dependent manner by strengthening the antioxidant defence system and reducing the cytotoxicity. Moreover, there was a significant recovery in growth parameters following the grape seed addition to Co(NO3)2. GSE had a remarkable reduction in genotoxicity when treated as a mixture with Co(NO3)2. Overall data obtained from this investigation proved that GSE, as a promising functional by-product, had a protective effect on Allium cepa L. against the toxic effects of Co(NO3)2.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Since export has a key role in economic growth in terms of national production quantity, export quality can be considered another important factor... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The immense protection potential of plant-derived products against heavy metal toxicity has become a considerable field of research. The goal of the... 相似文献
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Discarded dry fig and raisin, which exporting companies have to claim and destroy, were subjected to batch dark fermentation at 37 °C... 相似文献
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) synthesized by ring-opening polymerization method, and then it blended with polylactic acid (PLA). The blend was loaded with... 相似文献
A wet–dry deposition sampler was located at The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey-National Metrology Institute (TUBITAK-UME) station, and a bulk deposition sampler was placed at the Kad?ll? village to determine the atmospheric deposition flux of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pesticides (organochlorine and organophosphorus) in soluble fraction of samples in Kocaeli, Turkey. The 28 samples for each wet, dry, and total deposition were collected weekly from March 2006 to March 2007. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the samples which were prepared by using solid-phase extraction (SPE) method. The sum of volume weighted mean of deposition fluxes was obtained as 7.43 μg m?2 day?1 for wet deposition, 0.28 μg m?2 day?1 for dry deposition and 0.54 μg m?2 day?1 for bulk deposition samples for PAHs and 9.88 μg m?2 day?1 for wet deposition, 4.49 μg m?2 day?1 for dry deposition, and 3.29 μg m?2 day?1 for bulk deposition samples for pesticides. While benzo(a)anthracene had the highest fluxes among PAH compounds for all types of depositions, guthion and phosphamidon had the highest deposition flux compared with the other pesticides. Benzo(ghi)perylene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, and acenaphthene were not detected in any of the samples. Beta-HCH, gamma-HCH, and endrin aldehyde were the only compounds among 18 organochlorine pesticides to be detected in all deposition samples. The main sources of pesticides were the high number of greenhouses around the sampling stations. However, all of the organophosphorus pesticides were detected in all deposition samples. The pollution sources were identified as coal and natural gas combustion, petrogenic sources, and traffic for TUBITAK-UME station whereas coal and natural gas combustion and traffic were the main sources for Kad?ll? station by considering the results of factor analysis, ratios, and wind sector analysis. 相似文献
In this study, PM10 concentrations and elemental (Al, Fe, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Pb, and Bi) contents of particles were determined in Düzce, Turkey. The particulate matter samplings were carried out in the winter and summer seasons simultaneously in both urban and sub-urban sampling sites. The average PM10 concentration measured in the winter season was 86.4 and 27.3 μg/m3, respectively, in the urban and sub-urban sampling sites, while it was measured as 53.2 and 34.7 μg/m3 in the summer season. According to the results, it was observed that the PM10 levels and the element concentrations reached higher levels, especially at the urban sampling site, in the winter season. The positive matrix factorization model (PMF) was applied to the data set for source apportionment. Analysis with the PMF model revealed six factors for both the urban (coal combustion, traffic, oil combustion, industry, biomass combustion, and soil) and sub-urban (industry, oil combustion, traffic, road dust, soil resuspension, domestic heating) sampling sites. Loadings of grouped elements on these factors showed that the major sources of the elements in the atmosphere of Düzce were traffic, fossil fuel combustion, and metal industry-related emissions. 相似文献
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - In recent years, the use of waste products in cement-based building materials has been increasing. In this study, it is aimed to examine the... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pethoxamid is chloroacetamide herbicide. Pethoxamid is commonly used to kill different weeds in various crops. Pethoxamid can leach in the water and... 相似文献