全文获取类型
收费全文 | 106篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 2篇 |
废物处理 | 2篇 |
环保管理 | 11篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
基础理论 | 30篇 |
环境理论 | 3篇 |
污染及防治 | 17篇 |
评价与监测 | 4篇 |
社会与环境 | 12篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 8篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 10篇 |
2010年 | 12篇 |
2009年 | 2篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 2篇 |
2004年 | 3篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有111条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Martin J. Steinbauer Fredrik Östrand Tom E. Bellas Anna Nilson Fredrik Andersson Erik Hedenström Michael J. Lacey P. Florian Schiestl 《Chemoecology》2004,14(3-4):217-223
Summary. The autumn gum moth, Mnesampela privata
(Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is native to Australia
and can be a pest of plantation eucalypts. Field-collected
and laboratory-reared female autumn gum moths were
dissected to remove glands likely to contain components of
the sex pheromone. Using gas chromatography (GC) and
combined gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS),
three compounds were identified from female extracts,
namely (3Z,6
Z,9
Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene, 1-hexadecanol
and 1-octadecanol (confirmed by comparison with synthetic
samples). Nonadecatriene elicited an antennal response in
male autumn gum moth during gas chromatographic
analyses combined with electroantennographic detection
(GC-EAD). In electroantennogram (EAG) recording male
M. privata antennae responded to the nonadecatriene. Nonadecatriene was synthesised via Kolbe electrolysis,
starting with (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid
(linolenic acid) and propanoic acid or via an alternative
four-step method also starting from linolenic acid. In field
trials (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene proved attractive
to male moths. Thus, we conclude that (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-
nonadecatriene is a sex pheromone component of autumn
gum moth. This component has been identified in extracts
from other geometrids in the same subfamily, Ennominae.
However, to our knowledge this is the first example where
(3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-nonadecatriene has been found in females
and also proved attractive to male moths when presented on its
own. Our results are discussed in relation to other geometrid
pheromones. 相似文献
42.
43.
44.
Jette Reeg Simon Heine Christine Mihan Sean McGee Thomas G. Preuss Florian Jeltsch 《Environmental Sciences Europe》2018,30(1):44
Background
Semi-natural plant communities such as field boundaries play an important ecological role in agricultural landscapes, e.g., provision of refuge for plant and other species, food web support or habitat connectivity. To prevent undesired effects of herbicide applications on these communities and their structure, the registration and application are regulated by risk assessment schemes in many industrialized countries. Standardized individual-level greenhouse experiments are conducted on a selection of crop and wild plant species to characterize the effects of herbicide loads potentially reaching off-field areas on non-target plants. Uncertainties regarding the protectiveness of such approaches to risk assessment might be addressed by assessment factors that are often under discussion. As an alternative approach, plant community models can be used to predict potential effects on plant communities of interest based on extrapolation of the individual-level effects measured in the standardized greenhouse experiments. In this study, we analyzed the reliability and adequacy of the plant community model IBC-grass (individual-based plant community model for grasslands) by comparing model predictions with empirically measured effects at the plant community level.Results
We showed that the effects predicted by the model IBC-grass were in accordance with the empirical data. Based on the species-specific dose responses (calculated from empirical effects in monocultures measured 4 weeks after application), the model was able to realistically predict short-term herbicide impacts on communities when compared to empirical data.Conclusion
The results presented in this study demonstrate an approach how the current standard greenhouse experiments—measuring herbicide impacts on individual-level—can be coupled with the model IBC-grass to estimate effects on plant community level. In this way, it can be used as a tool in ecological risk assessment.45.
Schlick-Steiner BC Steiner FM Höttinger H Nikiforov A Mistrik R Schafellner C Baier P Christian E 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2004,91(5):209-214
Deception is a crucial yet incompletely understood strategy of social parasites. In central Europe, the Mountain Alcon Blue, Maculinea rebeli, a highly endangered butterfly, parasitises several Myrmica ant species. Caterpillars gain access to host nests probably by faking the ants odour. We analysed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data of body surface hydrocarbons of pre-adoption and hibernated larvae of Maculinea rebeli and of their host species Myrmica sabuleti and M. schencki. Data were ordinated by different methods, based on similarities in the relative quantities of compounds between chromatograms. The two Myrmica species exhibit species-specific profiles. The Maculinea rebeli pre-adoption larva has a complex profile that simultaneously contains species-specific substances of the two investigated host species. This evidence leads to the interpretation that, in central Europe, Maculinea rebeli is predisposed for multi-host use by the chemical signature of its pre-adoption larva. The Maculinea rebeli larva clearly does not rely on an intersection-odour of compounds common to all host ant species, but synthesises an aggregate-odour containing specific compounds of each of the investigated hosts. We term this previously unknown chemical strategy aggregate-odour multi-host mimicry.B.C. Schlick-Steiner and F.M. Steiner contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
46.
Drilling methods can severely alter physical, chemical, and biological properties of aquifers, thereby influencing the reliability of water samples collected from groundwater monitoring wells. Because of their fast drilling rate, air-actuated hammers are increasingly used for the installation of groundwater monitoring wells in unconsolidated sediments. However, oil entrained in the air stream to lubricate the hammer-actuating device can contaminate subsurface sediments. Concentrations of total hydrocarbons, heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cr, Zn, Pb, and Cd), and nutrients (particulate organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) were measured in continuous sediment cores recovered during the completion of a 26-m deep borehole drilled with a down-hole hammer in glaciofluvial deposits. Total hydrocarbons, Cu, Ni, Cr and particulate organic carbon (POC) were all measured at concentrations far exceeding background levels in most sediment cores. Hydrocarbon concentration averaged 124 +/- 118 mg kg(-1) dry sediment (n = 78 samples) with peaks at depths of 8, 14, and 20 m below the soil surface (maximum concentration: 606 mg kg(-1)). The concentrations of hydrocarbons, Cu, Ni, Cr, and POC were positively correlated and exhibited a highly irregular vertical pattern, that probably reflected variations in air loss within glaciofluvial deposits during drilling. Because the penetration of contaminated air into the formation is unpreventable, the representativeness of groundwater samples collected may be questioned. It is concluded that air percussion drilling has strong limitations for well installation in groundwater quality monitoring surveys. 相似文献
47.
Population differentiation in female sex pheromone and male preferences in a solitary bee 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nicolas J. Vereecken Jim Mant Florian P. Schiestl 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2007,61(5):811-821
Population differentiation in female mating signals and associated male preferences can drive reproductive isolation among
segregated populations. We tested this assumption by investigating intraspecific variation in female sex pheromone and associated
male odour preferences among distant populations in the solitary bee Colletes cunicularius (L.) by using quantitative gas chromatography and by performing field bioassays with synthetic blends of key sex pheromone
compounds. We found significant differences in sex pheromone blends among the bee populations, and the divergence in odour
blends correlated positively with geographic distance, suggesting that genetic divergence among distant populations can affect
sex pheromone chemistry. Our behavioural experiments, however, demonstrate that synthetic copies of allopatric female sex
pheromones were cross-attractive to patrolling males from distant populations, making reproductive isolation by non-recognition
of mating signals among populations unlikely. Our data also show that patrolling male bees from different populations preferred
odour types from allopatric populations at the two sites of bioassays. These male preferences are not expected to select for
changes in the female sex pheromone, but may influence the evolution of floral odour in sexually deceptive orchids of the
genus Ophrys that are pollinated by C. cunicularius males. 相似文献
48.
A High‐Resolution National‐Scale Hydrologic Forecast System from a Global Ensemble Land Surface Model 下载免费PDF全文
Alan D. Snow Scott D. Christensen Nathan R. Swain E. James Nelson Daniel P. Ames Norman L. Jones Deng Ding Nawajish S. Noman Cédric H. David Florian Pappenberger Ervin Zsoter 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(4):950-964
Warning systems with the ability to predict floods several days in advance have the potential to benefit tens of millions of people. Accordingly, large‐scale streamflow prediction systems such as the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service or the Global Flood Awareness System are limited to coarse resolutions. This article presents a method for routing global runoff ensemble forecasts and global historical runoff generated by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts model using the Routing Application for Parallel computatIon of Discharge to produce high spatial resolution 15‐day stream forecasts, approximate recurrence intervals, and warning points at locations where streamflow is predicted to exceed the recurrence interval thresholds. The processing method involves distributing the computations using computer clusters to facilitate processing of large watersheds with high‐density stream networks. In addition, the Streamflow Prediction Tool web application was developed for visualizing analyzed results at both the regional level and at the reach level of high‐density stream networks. The application formed part of the base hydrologic forecasting service available to the National Flood Interoperability Experiment and can potentially transform the nation's forecast ability by incorporating ensemble predictions at the nearly 2.7 million reaches of the National Hydrography Plus Version 2 Dataset into the national forecasting system. 相似文献
49.
J. C. Coll P. A. Leone B. F. Bowden A. R. Carroll G. M. König A. Heaton R. de Nys M. Maida P. M. Aliño R. H. Willis R. C. Babcock Z. Florian M. N. Clayton R. L. Miller P. N. Alderslade 《Marine Biology》1995,122(1):137-143
Sea turtles migrate between feeding and nesting areas that are often geographically separated by hundreds or thousands of kilometers. Observations of their aggregations at sea and at nesting beaches have led to the hypothesis that sea turtles migrate in socially structured groups. While this migratory strategy is common to many marine vertebrates, socially facilitated behavior is not well documented in testudines. In 1990 and 1991, we attached satellite transmitters to olive ridleys (Lepidochelys olivacea Eschscholtz) found ovipositing together during a mass nesting at Nancite Beach, Costa Rica, to determine whether they migrate independently or in groups after they leave the nesting beach. Results showed that the turtles were not spatially associated during the internesting period, were capable of re-establishing themselves as a group during a subsequent nesting emergence, and were not spatially associated during their postnesting migrations to oceanic feeding areas. We suggested that what appear to be socially structured groups of L. olivacea are in fact individual turtles simultaneously using the same habitat. 相似文献
50.
Silvennoinen H Hietanen S Liikanen A Stange CF Russow R Kuparinen J Martikainen PJ 《Ambio》2007,36(2-3):134-140
Estuaries have been suggested to have an important role in reducing the nitrogen load transported to the sea. We measured denitrification rates in six estuaries of the northern Baltic Sea. Four of them were river mouths in the Bothnian Bay (northern Gulf of Bothnia), and two were estuary bays, one in the Archipelago Sea (southern Gulf of Bothnia) and the other in the Gulf of Finland. Denitrification rates in the four river mouths varied between 330 and 905 micromol N m(-2) d(-1). The estuary bays at the Archipelago Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia had denitrification rates from 90 micromol N m(-2) d(-1) to 910 micromol N m(-2) d(-1) and from 230 micromol N m(-2) d(-1) to 320 micromol N m(-2) d(-1), respectively. Denitrification removed 3.6-9.0% of the total nitrogen loading in the river mouths and in the estuary bay in the Gulf of Finland, where the residence times were short. In the estuary bay with a long residence time, in the Archipelago Sea, up to 4.5% of nitrate loading and 19% of nitrogen loading were removed before entering the sea. According to our results, the sediments of the fast-flowing rivers and the estuary areas with short residence times have a limited capacity to reduce the nitrogen load to the Baltic Sea. 相似文献