GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用

根据环境监测的特点和地理信息系统(GIS)所具备的功能,讨论了GIS与环境监测结合的必要性,按照环境监测的目的不同分环境质量监测、污染源监督监测和应急监测三个方面阐述GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的具体应用,并利用现有的一些基于GIS的环境监测信息系统实例进行进一步说明GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用,充分发挥了GIS空间信息表达处理及综合分析的优势,使得环境监测数据的管理分析更加快速、实时、有效.随着GIS技术的发展,GIS在环境监测数据管理分析中的应用也将获得源源不绝的驱动力.     

苏州新区经济与环境协调发展实证分析

重视环境保护规划 ,严把项目引进关 ,控制乡镇工业污染 ,增大环境保护投入 ,完善基础设施 ,严格环境管理是实现苏州新区经济与环境协调发展的主导因素。     

Impacts of climate change on wheat development and production in the northern China

In this paper, impacts of climate change on wheat development rate and production in the northern China are discussed. The results show that the temperature is a controlling factor of development rate but the precipitation is not. The higher the temperature is. the faster the development and the shorter development period will be. Without consideration to varieties and cropping system, meteorological yield of winter wheat would decrease 170.40, 134.25, 98.70 and 97.20 kg/hm2 in the north China and 13.97, 7.95, 39.60 and 19.80 kg/hm2 in the northwest China compared with that in 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, respectively, when the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is doubled. In drought and semi-drought regions, the spring wheat yield would drop with the temperature rise in and raise with the precipitation increase. The influence of temperature on weight of leaf and stalk is also remarkable.     

望城生态县建设对可持续发展度的影响分析

望城县是长沙市的市辖县,于2000年开始全国生态示范区建设,通过验收后,又于2005年正式启动生态县建设.通过对望城县生态县进行可持续发展度评价,可以计算出望城县在规划年、近期目标年、中期目标年以及远景目标年的可持续发展度,可以预测出望城县按照规划进行生态县建设的预期效果.     

基于虚拟现实技术的事故分析方法

阐述了虚拟现实技术在民航安全方面的应用前景和重要意义 ,并应用于飞行事故分析。通过建立事故模型 ,笔者对飞行中相对应的人—机关系进行描述。这些关系对事故原因分析是十分重要的。在这个框架下实现了三维模型动画显示 ,并利用计算机多媒体技术 ,实现真实感图形动态显示和音效合成 ,虚拟环境和立体显示 ,展现亲历事故的真实效果     

煤矿带式输送机事故分析及防护措施

带式输送机是煤矿生产中的一种主要运输设备,广泛应用在采区平巷、采区上下山、运输大巷及井口运输走廊等场所,是矿井煤炭运输系统的中枢,一旦发生故障,轻则耽误生产,重则造成人员伤亡。笔者以常见的煤矿带式输送机故障类型为例,分析其产生故障的根本原因,提出各种故障的预防措施;论述了煤矿带式输送机综合保护装置的基本功能和动作原理;通过带式输送机综合保护装置控制系统结构示意图,全面、客观地展示了煤矿用带式输送机容易发生各种故障的方位和自动保护装置测控元件的布局、电气控制原理,不仅可以适时监控带式输送机的工作状态,自动报警、显示、处理各种运行故障,还可以避免人为误操作带来的各种损失。     

多相催化湿式氧化法处理高浓度难降解有机废水的研究

在高压反应釜内，采用自制颗粒贵金属催化剂催化湿式氧化法处理高浓度饲料抗氧化剂合成废水，探讨了温度、压力、进水pH等反应条件对废水处理效果的影响。在温度为220℃、总压为8MPa条件下，COD，TOC，TN和色度的去除率分别达到77．0％，66．1％，70．2％，91％；处理后的废水pH很低，催化剂显示出较好的耐酸性；随进水pH的增加，COD的去除率逐渐降低，出水pH增加。     

Chemical and process mineralogical characterizations of spent lithium-ion batteries: An approach by multi-analytical techniques

Mineral processing operation is a critical step in any recycling process to realize liberation, separation and concentration of the target parts. Developing effective recycling methods to recover all the valuable parts from spent lithium-ion batteries is in great necessity. The aim of this study is to carefully undertake chemical and process mineralogical characterizations of spent lithium-ion batteries by coupling several analytical techniques to provide basic information for the researches on effective mechanical crushing and separation methods in recycling process. The results show that the grade of Co, Cu and Al is fairly high in spent lithium ion batteries and up to 17.62 wt.%, 7.17 wt.% and 21.60 wt.%. Spent lithium-ion batteries have good selective crushing property, the crushed products could be divided into three parts, they are Al-enriched fraction (+2 mm), Cu and Al-enriched fraction (?2 + 0.25 mm) and Co and graphite-enriched fraction (?0.25 mm). The mineral phase and chemical state analysis reveal the electrode materials recovered from ?0.25 mm size fraction keep the original crystal forms and chemical states in lithium-ion batteries, but the surface of the powders has been coated by a certain kind of hydrocarbon. Based on these results a flowsheet to recycle spent LiBs is proposed.     

Effects of organic matter on Leymus chinensis germination,growth, and urease activity and available nitrogen in coastal saline soil

ABSTRACT

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of three organic matters (stalk powder, microbial fertilizer, and manure) on Leymus chinensis germination, growth, and urease activity and available nitrogen (N) in coastal saline soil. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with eight treatments: J₀V₀Y₀, J₁V₀Y₀, J₀V₁Y₀, J₀V₀Y₁, J₁V₁Y₀, J₁V₀Y₁, J₀V₁Y₁, J₁V₁Y₁. The notations were based on the quantities of each agent added to 1 kg of coastal saline soil: J₀ – no straw powder, J₁ – 0.2 kg straw powder, Y₀ – no manure, Y₁ – 0.3 kg manure, V₀ – no microbial fertilizer, V₁ – 0.2 L microbial fertilizer, each in quantic repeat. L. chinensis was sown as 50 seeds per pot. Results indicated that addition of organic agents exerted a significantly enhanced germination, increase in fresh weight and elevated soil urease activity. Soil available N levels were significantly positively correlated with soil urease activity and fresh weight, but not with germination rate. It is noteworthy that the halophyte L. chinensis showed improved characteristics when grown in coastal saline soil with addition of organic amendments.     

Long-term study of heavy metal pollution in the northern Hangzhou Bay of China: temporal and spatial distribution,contamination evaluation,and potential ecological risk

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coastal ecosystem is vulnerable to heavy metal contamination. The northern Hangzhou Bay is under intensifying impact of anthropogenic activities. To...