Climate capacity:the measurement for adaptation to climate change

This article proposed the concept of"climate capacity"as a way of measuring human’s adaptiveness to climate change.This article also focused on the related concepts like ecological carrying capacity,water resources carrying capacity,land carrying capacity as well as population carrying capacity.The concept of climate capacity was articulated against a background of global climate and environmental change.Essentially,China’s efforts to adapt to climate change was a matter of improving climate capacity,which is the ecosystem as well as the frequency,the intensity and the scale of human’s social activities that the climatic resources of a particular geographic area were supposed to support.The climate capacity has two components.One is the natural climate capacity,which includes temperature,sunlight,precipitation,extreme climatic events,etc.The other is the derived climate capacity,which includes water resources,land resources,ecological systems,climatic risks,etc.The climate capacity can be developed or be transferred between regions by taking engineering,technology or regime-based adaptive measures.However,these adaptive measures must be implemented under the principle of economic rationalism,ecological integrity,climate protection,and social justice.It is expected that by combining the climate capacity and its threshold value with the assessment of climate change risks,we are able to predict the optimal population carrying capacity and the scale of socioeconomic development,and furthermore,provide policy support for the socioeconomic development strategy and adaptive planning.In the regions with high climate capacity,there is a symbiotic relationship between adaptation and socioeconomic development.But,in the regions with limited climate capacity,irrational development may further damage the environment.Taking the Yangtze River delta,a region with high climate capacity,and a region of Ningxia,a region with limited climate capacity,as illustrative examples,the authors of this article analyzed the policy implications of climate capacity and further made suggestions on the problems of capacitylimited adaptation and development-driven adaptation.This article argued that the concept of climate capacity can not only be used as an analytical instrument of climate change economics,but also it can provide research support for planning regional adaptation and development with climate change impact and risk assessments.     

广东省智慧生态环境监测管理体系建设思路与探索

生态环境监测管理制度改革对省级生态环境监测机构的管理能力提出更高要求,在数字化发展战略背景下,推动生态环境监测数字化建设是促进监测能力现代化的必由之路.以广东省为例,从生态环境监测管理需求出发,分析改革面临的难点和问题,提出了构建智慧生态环境监测管理体系的思路.以监测业务为主线,串联全省监测人、财、物、事的管理,利用数...     

中国电子垃圾管理对策的研究

日益严重的电子垃圾污染已直接或间接地危害到人类的健康,因此,电子垃圾的有效管理变得越来越重要。文章简要分析了目前世界总体电子垃圾的产生特点以及中国电子垃圾的污染现状,通过分析中国对于电子垃圾污染和管理采取的一系列政策和措施的有效性,重点对比研究了现阶段中国与几个发达国家电子垃圾的管理回收手段及政策,试图寻找中国电子垃圾管理的有效措施。最后,综合各国管理经验提出了电子垃圾的管理方案,从而为中国的电子垃圾管理提供借鉴与建议。     

京杭运河常州段氮形态的时空分布特征研究

对京杭运河常州段8个研究点位水体中的氮形态（TN、NH4＋-N、NO2--N和NO3--N）和环境因子（pH、T和DO）进行了连续9个月的动态监测,全面研究了各氮形态的随时间和空间的动态变化规律,并对各氮形态及环境因子进行了相关性分析。常州段水体月平均NH4＋-N变化范围为（0.589±0.351）～（3.148±1.178）mg.L-1,TN变化范围为（3.373±1.379）～（7.373±2.307）mg.L-1,枯水期到丰水期各氮形态整体表现出波动性下降趋势,其中出境断面NH4＋-N下降趋势平稳,NO3--N则是主导出境断面TN含量的主要形态。各点位NH4＋-N的平均浓度范围为（1.202±0.492）～（2.813±1.566）mg.L-1,TN范围为（3.520±0.504）～（8.349±3.679）mg.L-1,各形态氮含量基本呈现出上游段（S）〈新运河（G）〈老运河（L）〈下游（X）的空间分布特征,其中下游段存在一个重要的氮素上升突变段,NO3--N是对TN的贡献率（43.8%～57.4%）最大的无机态氮,其次是NH4＋-N、ON、NO2--N,其中有机氮对TN的贡献率（13.3%）则以老河段最高。NH4＋-N和NO3--N、TN、pH相关系数分别为0.397＊＊、0.932＊＊、0.261＊,与DO相关系数为-0.344＊＊,陆源输入及DO不足是京杭运河常州段氮污染严重的重要原因。     

Exposure to butylated hydroxytoluene compromises endometrial decidualization during early pregnancy

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), one of the most widely used synthetic phenolic antioxidants, is a popular food additive. Previous studies have...     

生物炭负载铁锰双氧化物固化稳定化土壤中砷

砷(As)在土壤中的赋存形态复杂, 常规固化稳定化材料处理不同形态As时存在局限。针对该问题,通过整合生物炭(bio-char, BC)表面吸附-静电引力-络合螯合与铁锰双氧化物(ferric manganese binary oxides, FMBO)共沉淀-氧化还原作用, 制得负载了FMBO的BC新功能材料BC_FM, 并与硅酸盐水泥复配固化稳定化As, 利用响应面法探讨影响因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明:在BC_FM与硅酸盐水泥配比为9.88%和8.80%、养护20.53 d条件下, As浸出浓度最低为0.055 mg/L, 可交换态含量占比从4%降至0.5%, 残渣态含量占比从77%升至87%, 无侧限抗压强度>50 kPa。推测BC_FM固化稳定化机制为Fe-O(H)-As共沉淀、Mn-O(H)-As氧化和BC功能的联合作用。该研究结果可为长效固化稳定化As提供新的技术方案。     

Difference in calcium ion precipitation between free and immobilized Halovibrio mesolongii HMY2

Biomineralization has become a research focus in wastewater treatment due to its much lower costs compared to traditional methods. However, the low sodium chloride (NaCl)-tolerance of bacteria limits applications to only water with low NaCl concentrations. Here, calcium ions in hypersaline wastewater (10% NaCl) were precipitated by free and immobilized Halovibrio mesolongii HMY2 bacteria and the differences between them were determined. The results show that calcium ions can be transformed into several types of calcium carbonate with a range of morphologies, abundant organic functional groups (C-H, C-O-C, C=O, etc), protein secondary structures (β-sheet, α-helix, 3₁₀ helix, and β-turn), P=O and S-H indicated by P2p and S2p, and more negative δ¹³C_PDB (‰) values (-16.8‰ to -18.4‰). The optimal conditions for the immobilized bacteria were determined by doing experiments with six factors and five levels and using response surface method. Under the action of two groups of immobilized bacteria prepared under the optimal conditions, by the 10^th day, Ca²⁺ ion precipitation ratios had increased to 79%-89% and 80%-88% with changes in magnesium ion cencentrations. Magnesium ions can significantly inhibit the calcium ion precipitation, and this inhibitory effect can be decreased under the action of immobilized bacteria. Minerals induced by immobilized bacteria always aggregated together, had higher contents of Mg, P, and S, lower stable carbon isotope values and less well-developed protein secondary structures. This study demonstrates an economic and eco-friendly method for recycling calcium ions in hypersaline wastewater, providing an easy step in the process of desalination.     

"十三五"环境保护的网络舆情研究

以百度为数据获取渠道,综合分析了以下几类环境保护网络舆情:(1) 环境保护"十三五"规划的网络舆情分析,包括网民关注热点和网民特征;(2)"十二五"期间,网民对"空气"、"水资源"、"生活垃圾"、"噪声"、"土壤"等问题的总体关注度;(3)"十二五"期间,网民对"空气"、"水资源"、"噪声"、"土壤"四类问题的关注焦点.把握网络舆情发展的规律和趋势,加强引导和管理,将有助于环境保护"十三五"规划的有效实施.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱同时测定沉积物中12种重金属元素

比较了王水回流、密闭容器消解及微波消解3种不同方法对海洋沉积物的消解效果,结果表明微波消解效果较好;优化了消解体系和程序,HNO3-HF-H2O2消解体系对重金属的溶出效果较好;并建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱测定沉积物中Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mo、Cd、Sn、Hg、Tl、Pb、U等12种重金属元素的分析方法,各元...     

模拟酸雨淋溶条件下紫壤淋出液中溶解性有机质的三维荧光特性

运用三维荧光技术分析了模拟酸雨淋溶紫壤淋出液中溶解性有机质（dissolved organic matter,DOM）的组分与酸度及淋溶量的关系.研究结果表明,模拟酸雨淋溶紫壤淋出液中DOM荧光峰主要为类胡敏酸和类富里酸,荧光峰的中心位于Ex/Em=305—370 nm/420—450 nm和Ex/Em=260—270...