基于铁氧化物的表面Fe(Ⅱ)对地下环境中硝基苯的衰减作用

通过静态实验研究了基于铁氧化物表面Fe(Ⅱ)对地下环境中硝基苯的衰减作用.结果表明,在硝基苯浓度为150mg.L-1,Fe(Ⅱ)与硝基苯物质的量比为13.5时,反应60h内,离子态的Fe(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ)-正方针铁矿、Fe(Ⅱ)-赤铁矿、Fe(Ⅱ)-针铁矿对硝基苯的衰减属于一级反应动力学;Fe(Ⅱ)-正方针铁矿和Fe(Ⅱ)-针铁矿对硝基苯的衰减效果相近,且均比Fe(Ⅱ)-赤铁矿对硝基苯的衰减效果好;Fe(Ⅱ)与硝基苯的物质的量比对硝基苯的衰减也有一定的影响,在硝基苯浓度为150mg.L-1,Fe(Ⅱ)与硝基苯物质的量比为13.5时,对硝基苯的衰减效果相对较好,对硝基苯的去除率均在25.18%以上.     

微囊藻毒素产生过程中磷素行为与作用研究

通过培养实验考察了微囊藻生长过程中磷素的吸收利用情况,研究了可溶解性正磷酸盐对产毒微囊藻生长状况及几种不同磷形态在不同浓度下对微囊毒素产率的影响.结果表明,可溶性反应磷浓度的增加可以促进微囊藻生长,磷浓度为0.55mg.L-1更适宜微囊藻生长,不超过0.55 mg.L-1的磷对微囊藻产毒有促进作用,无磷时产毒率最低,而...     

Circular economy practices among Chinese manufacturers varying in environmental-oriented supply chain cooperation and the performance implications

The rapidly growing industrial activities in emerging economies such as China have been causing resource depletion and pollution problems. This reality requires China to adopt an integrated management approach to resolve the conflict between industrial development and environmental protection, and the concept of circular economy (CE) serves this purpose. In this paper, we examine if different types of manufacturing enterprises on environmental-oriented supply chain cooperation (ESCC) exist. We also determine if the Chinese manufacturer types varying in ESCC differ in their implementation of the CE practices towards achieving the CE-targeted goals on improving both environmental and economic performance. Our cluster analytic results with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) among the four identified types of Chinese manufacturers varying in environmental-oriented supply chain cooperation highlight the importance to intensify the cooperation with upstream and downstream supply chain partners for a CE initiative to succeed.     

Range of ecological impact of highway construction in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region,China

The major features of different road sections were identified. Methods quantitatively determining the ecological impact of highway construction were discussed, and a demonstration was presented. The Dabao highway (from Dali to Baoshan) and the Sixiao highway (from Simao to Xiaomengyang) passing through the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region were used as examples in this paper. For the normal road sections having no important species to protect, a method of ecosystem health assessment was introduced to calculate the overall range of the ecological impact of highway construction. For the road sections having plants or soils of interest, indexes were selected and the range of impact was determined using mathematical methods such as regression analysis and variance analysis. The range of impact on animal populations was also discussed in terms of the minimum living areas required by animal populations and the fragmentation caused by highway construction. The results indicate that the zones impacted by highway construction were composed of both regular and anomalous figures, the range of impacts for different landforms of the two sample highways were substantially different; highway construction had dramatic effects on roadside ecosystem health; the impact on soil factors of farmland was greater than 200 m, and the distance may exceed 1000 m when important large animals were considered.     

Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

Effects of pH, temperature, and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sediments were investigated under laboratory tests. Results indicated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or 12. Phosphine levels could reach maximum under initial pH 10. The contents of phosphine increased with the addition of alkali under pH 4–12. The rates of phosphine production and release from lake sediments varied with temperature. 20°C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound phosphine. Oxygen showed little effect on matrix-bound phosphine. Matrix-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes.     

HCR工艺在造纸废水治理中的应用

介绍了HCR工艺在造纸废水中的应用及其与传统活性污泥法相比所具有的优势 ,从中可以看出 ,HCR工艺在造纸废水及其他有机废水的治理中具有很广泛的应用前景     

能源富集区贸易隐含碳及隐含SO2排放转移——以山西省为例

通过量化地区间碳排放和SO₂排放转移特征,可以较好地了解地区间的碳排放和SO₂排放的来源与去向,从而合理地制定各地区的减排与治理方案。采用多区域投入产出模型,计算2007年和2012年山西省输出和输入的隐含碳和隐含SO₂排放情况。结果表明：山西省为隐含碳和隐含SO₂排放输出区,输出的地区主要是江苏、河北、浙江和山东等地,输入的地区主要是河北、山东、内蒙古和河南等地。山西省向其他地区转移的隐含碳和隐含SO₂排放主要汇聚于金属冶炼及制品业、建筑业和化学工业等。其他地区向山西省转移的隐含碳和隐含SO₂排放主要集中于建筑业、采选业、金属冶炼及制品业等。基于上述研究结论,提出了一些关键性整改建议与措施。     

轻型汽油车蒸发排放特征及温度对蒸发排放的影响

车辆蒸发排放是城市地区大气环境中VOCs（挥发性有机物）的重要人为源.选取满足国五排放标准的轻型汽油车,采用满足国Ⅵ（A）汽油标准的汽油,在密闭舱内设定两种不同温度,研究蒸发排放特征及温度对蒸发排放的影响.结果表明:①6辆车热浸VOCs蒸发排放因子范围为0.01~0.10 g/h,昼间损失VOCs蒸发排放因子范围为0.09~1.49 g/d,低于已有研究中国四或国三车辆的蒸发排放水平.②昼间损失VOCs蒸发排放水平远超过热浸VOCs蒸发排放水平.③热浸蒸发排放过程中密闭舱内VOCs质量呈近似线性增长,昼间损失蒸发排放过程中密闭舱内VOCs质量呈先快后缓的增长特征.④温度升高后,热浸和昼间损失VOCs蒸发排放因子均明显增加.温度由25℃升至38℃后,热浸VOCs蒸发排放因子增加36.0%~533.9%;温度从18~33℃升至23~38℃后,昼间损失VOCs蒸发排放因子增加16.7%~106.2%.研究显示,温度变化对热浸和昼间损失VOCs蒸发排放因子均影响明显.      

Inhibition effect of magnetic field on nitrous oxide emission from sequencing batch reactor treating domestic wastewater at low temperature

This study aims to investigate the effect of a magnetic field on nitrous oxide(N_2O) emission from a sequencing batch reactor treating low-strength domestic wastewater at low temperature(10℃).After running for 124 days in parallel,results indicated that the conversion rate of N_2O for a magnetic field-sequencing batch reactor(MF-SBR) decreased by34.3% compared to that of a conventional SBR(C-SBR).Meanwhile,the removal efficiencies for total nitrogen(TN) and ammonia nitrogen(NH4-N) of the MF-SBR were 22.4% and 39.5% higher than those of the C-SBR.High-throughput sequencing revealed that the abundances of AOB(Nitrosomonas),NOB(Nitrospira) and denitrifiers(Zoogloea),which could reduce N_2O to N_2,were promoted significantly in the MF-SBR.Enzyme activities(Nir) and gene abundances(nos Z nir S and nir K) for denitrification in the MF-SBR were also notably higher compared to C-SBR.Our study shows that application of a magnetic field is a useful approach for inhibiting the generation of N_2O and promoting the nitrogen removal efficiency by affecting the microbial characteristics of sludge in an SBR treating domestic wastewater at low temperature.