全文获取类型
收费全文 | 189篇 |
免费 | 5篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 10篇 |
废物处理 | 5篇 |
环保管理 | 40篇 |
综合类 | 23篇 |
基础理论 | 44篇 |
污染及防治 | 52篇 |
评价与监测 | 13篇 |
社会与环境 | 12篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 6篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 14篇 |
2012年 | 7篇 |
2011年 | 13篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 10篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1927年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有199条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
11.
Lianou M Chalbot MC Kavouras IG Kotronarou A Karakatsani A Analytis A Katsouyanni K Puustinen A Hameri K Vallius M Pekkanen J Meddings C Harrison RM Ayres JG ten Brick H Kos G Meliefste K de Hartog J Hoek G 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(7):1202-1212
Purpose
The concentrations of PM10 mass, PM2.5 mass and particle number were continuously measured for 18 months in urban background locations across Europe to determine the spatial and temporal variability of particulate matter.Methods
Daily PM10 and PM2.5 samples were continuously collected from October 2002 to April 2004 in background areas in Helsinki, Athens, Amsterdam and Birmingham. Particle mass was determined using analytical microbalances with precision of 1 ??g. Pre- and post-reflectance measurements were taken using smoke-stain reflectometers. One-minute measurements of particle number were obtained using condensation particle counters.Results
The 18-month mean PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentrations ranged from 15.4 ??g/m3 in Helsinki to 56.7 ??g/m3 in Athens and from 9.0 ??g/m3 in Helsinki to 25.0 ??g/m3 in Athens, respectively. Particle number concentrations ranged from 10,091 part/cm3 in Helsinki to 24,180 part/cm3 in Athens with highest levels being measured in winter. Fine particles accounted for more than 60% of PM10 with the exception of Athens where PM2.5 comprised 43% of PM10. Higher PM mass and number concentrations were measured in winter as compared to summer in all urban areas at a significance level p?0.05.Conclusions
Significant quantitative and qualitative differences for particle mass across the four urban areas in Europe were observed. These were due to strong local and regional characteristics of particulate pollution sources which contribute to the heterogeneity of health responses. In addition, these findings also bear on the ability of different countries to comply with existing directives and the effectiveness of mitigation policies. 相似文献12.
Yung-Ping Tseng Gerard T. Kyle C. Scott Shafer Alan R. Graefe Timothy A. Bradle Michael A. Schuett 《Environmental management》2009,43(3):496-507
Along with the growing boating population and the number of boats in use on limited inland waterways, boater expectations
of setting density, safety perceptions, and the associated impacts on their experience (e.g., satisfaction) are becoming increasingly
important. The primary purpose of this article was to explore a recreational boating crowding–satisfaction model derived from
previous work using safety and enjoyment as mediating variables. We also tested our crowding–satisfaction model among day
and overnight users. Our analysis revealed no significant difference between day and overnight users for any of the relationships
tested in our model. Our final model indicated as respondents’ expectations for seeing people increased along with their feelings
of being crowded, they were more inclined to consider the conditions on the lake as being unsafe. They were also more inclined
to indicate that the number of people they had seen on the lake detracted from their boating experience. Respondents’ satisfaction
was tied to their perceptions of crowding. Mediating variables illustrated that the relationship was conditioned by perceptions
of safety and enjoyment. Analysis of the indirect effect observed in our study illustrate that when the number of people seen
on the lake exceed respondents’ expectations, their perceptions of safety and enjoyment both decline, resulting in lower satisfaction.
These findings have implications for managing recreational boating use on inland lake systems. Given the role played by expectations
in our model, efforts to communicate with boaters about conditions on these waterways is important for helping them plan their
boating experience and avoid situations they consider unsafe or unsatisfactory. 相似文献
13.
Convergence of Culture, Ecology, and Ethics: Management of Feral Swamp Buffalo in Northern Australia
Glenn Albrecht Clive R. McMahon David M. J. S. Bowman Corey J. A. Bradshaw 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2009,22(4):361-378
This paper examines the identity of Asian swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from different value orientations. Buffalo were introduced into Northern (Top End) Australia in the early nineteenth century.
A team of transdisciplinary researchers, including an ethicist, has been engaged in field research on feral buffalo in Arnhem
Land over the past three years. Using historical documents, literature review, field observations, interviews with key informants,
and interaction with the Indigenous land owners, an understanding of the diverse views on the scientific, cultural, and economic
significance of buffalo was obtained. While the diverse stakeholders in buffalo exploitation and management have historically
delivered divergent value orientations on the nature of the human–buffalo relationship, we argue that over time there is the
possibility of values and ethical convergence. Such convergence is possible via transdisciplinary and transcultural agreement
on the value stances that constitute the construction of the being or identity of buffalo in the face of the overwhelming
need to manage population density and gross numbers. 相似文献
14.
The addition of activated carbon (AC) is an increasingly popular method for pollutant immobilization, and the AC material can be made of biomass or coal/fossil feedstock. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there are differences between pollutant sorption to biomass and coal-based AC in the presence and absence of sediment. Through N2 and CO2 adsorption to probe surface area and pore size it was shown that the biomass-based AC had a stronger dominance of narrow pores in the size range 3.5-15 Å than the anthracite-based material. In the absence of sediment, sorption isotherms for the probe compounds pyrene and PCB-101 showed stronger sorption for the biomass-based AC (logarithmic Freundlich coefficients 8.15 for pyrene; 9.91 for PCB-101) than for the anthracite-based one (logarithmic Freundlich coefficients 7.20 and 9.70, respectively). In the presence of sediment, the opposite trend was observed, with the stronger sorption for anthracite-based AC. Thus, the presence of competing and/or pore-blocking sediment constituents reduces sorption to a larger extent for biomass-derived AC (factor of 5 for pyrene to almost 100 for PCB-101) than for anthracite-based AC (no reduction for pyrene to factor of 5 for PCB-101). This difference is tentatively attributed to the difference in pore size distribution, narrow pores being more prone to clogging, and could have implications for remediation feasibility with AC from different sources. 相似文献
15.
Activated carbon amendment to sequester PAHs in contaminated soil: a lysimeter field trial 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hale SE Elmquist M Brändli R Hartnik T Jakob L Henriksen T Werner D Cornelissen G 《Chemosphere》2012,87(2):177-184
Activated carbon (AC) amendment is an innovative method for the in situ remediation of contaminated soils. A field-scale AC amendment of either 2% powder or granular AC (PAC and GAC) to a PAH contaminated soil was carried out in Norway. The PAH concentration in drainage water from the field plot was measured with a direct solvent extraction and by deploying polyoxymethylene (POM) passive samplers. In addition, POM samplers were dug directly in the AC amended and unamended soil in order to monitor the reduction in free aqueous PAH concentrations in the soil pore water. The total PAH concentration in the drainage water, measured by direct solvent extraction of the water, was reduced by 14% for the PAC amendment and by 59% for GAC, 12 months after amendment. Measurements carried out with POM showed a reduction of 93% for PAC and 56% for GAC. The free aqueous PAH concentration in soil pore water was reduced 93% and 76%, 17 and 28 months after PAC amendment, compared to 84% and 69% for GAC. PAC, in contrast to GAC, was more effective for reducing freely dissolved concentrations than total dissolved ones. This could tentatively be explained by leaching of microscopic AC particles from PAC. Secondary chemical effects of the AC amendment were monitored by considering concentration changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nutrients. DOC was bound by AC, while the concentrations of nutrients (NO(3), NO(2), NH(4), PO(4), P-total, K, Ca and Mg) were variable and likely affected by external environmental factors. 相似文献
16.
Hicran Altuğ Eftade O. Gaga Tuncay Döğeroğlu Özlem Özden Sermin Örnektekin Bert Brunekreef Kees Meliefste Gerard Hoek Wim Van Doorn 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(9):6455-6467
Health effects of ambient air pollution were studied in three groups of schoolchildren living in areas (suburban, urban and urban-traffic) with different air pollution levels in Eski?ehir, Turkey. This study involved 1,880 students aged between 9 and 13 years from 16 public primary schools. This two-season study was conducted from January 2008 through March 2009. Symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and eczema were determined by the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire in 2008. Two lung function tests were performed by each child for summer and winter seasons with simultaneous ambient air measurements of ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) by passive sampling. Effects of air pollution on impaired lung function and symptoms in schoolchildren were estimated by multivariate logistic regression analyses. Girls with impaired lung function (only for the summer season evaluation) were more observed in suburban and urban areas when compared to urban-traffic area ([odds ratio (OR)?=?1.49; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04–2.14] and [OR?=?1.69 (95 % CI 1.06–2.71)] for suburban vs. urban-traffic and urban vs. urban-traffic, respectively). Significant association between ambient ozone concentrations and impaired lung function (for an increase of 10 μg m?3) was found only for girls for the summer season evaluation [OR?=?1.11 (95 % CI 1.03–1.19)]. No association was found for boys and for the winter season evaluation. No association was found between any of the measured air pollutants and symptoms of current wheeze, current rhinoconjunctivitis and current itchy rash. The results of this study showed that increasing ozone concentrations may cause a sub-acute impairment in lung function of school aged children. 相似文献
17.
A novel laboratory microcosm test was developed to measure the diffusion of native PAHs and PCBs from sediments in the presence and absence of a capping layer. Diffusive flux of 15 PAHs and 7 PCBs from uncapped sediment from Oslo harbour was 3.8+/-0.9 microg m(-2)d(-1) and 0.010+/-0.003 microg m(-2)d(-1), respectively. The flux from sediments capped with 1cm mineral cap (crushed limestone or crushed gneiss (0-2mm)), observed during the first 410 d, was 3.5-7.3% of the flux from uncapped sediments. By measuring freely dissolved pore water concentrations of 10 PAHs the flux in the microcosm was modelled with steady state and transient diffusion models. The measured flux from uncapped sediment was 27-290% of modelled steady state flux. Good agreement was also found between the measured flux of pyrene from capped sediment and the flux modelled with the transient model when fitting only with the distribution coefficients for pyrene between the cap material and water (Kd_pyr). Fitted Kd_pyr, (210 and 23 l kg(-1) for limestone and gneiss, respectively) was in the same order of magnitude as K(d) calculated from organic carbon content in the cap materials (68 and 14 l kg(-1) respectively). Calculation of the efficiency of a hypothetical cap with 10 cm diffusion path shows that the increased diffusion path length alone can yield a flux reduction >99% through a strong increase in the stagnant diffusive boundary layer from <1 to 100mm. 相似文献
18.
Sorption of native polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to black carbon and amended activated carbon in soil 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Organic pollutants (e.g. polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)) strongly sorb to carbonaceous sorbents such as black carbon and activated carbon (BC and AC, respectively). For a creosote-contaminated soil (Sigma15PAH 5500 mg kg(dry weight(dw))(-1)) and an urban soil with moderate PAH content (Sigma15PAH 38 mg kg(dw)(-1)), total organic carbon-water distribution coefficients (K(TOC)) were up to a factor of 100 above values for amorphous (humic) organic carbon obtained by a frequently used Linear-Free-Energy Relationship. This increase could be explained by inclusion of BC (urban soil) or oil (creosote-contaminated soil) into the sorption model. AC is a manufactured sorbent for organic pollutants with similar strong sorption properties as the combustion by-product BC. AC has the potential to be used for in situ remediation of contaminated soils and sediments. The addition of small amounts of powdered AC (2%) to the moderately contaminated urban soil reduced the freely dissolved aqueous concentration of native PAH in soil/water suspensions up to 99%. For granulated AC amended to the urban soil, the reduction in freely dissolved concentrations was not as strong (median 64%), especially for the heavier PAH. This is probably due to blockage of the pore system of granulated AC resulting in AC deactivation by soil components. For powdered and granulated AC amended to the heavily contaminated creosote soil, median reductions were 63% and 4%, respectively, probably due to saturation of AC sorption sites by the high PAH concentrations and/or blockage of sorption sites and pores by oil. 相似文献
19.
Joanna Burger Jessica Sanchez J. Whitfield Gibbons Jeanine Ondrof Robert Ramos Michael J. McMahon Karen F. Gaines Christine Lord Marie Fulmer Michael Gochfeld 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1999,57(2):195-211
Although considerable attention is devoted to environmental monitoring and assessment with respect to both pollutants and the status of particular plant or animal populations, less attention is devoted to assessing people's attitudes about the relative importance of ecological resources. In this paper we examine the attitudes and perceptions about ecological resources of people living around the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS), in South Carolina. Our overall hypothesis is that people who are directly affected by the possible outcomes and consequences of a particular hazard (i.e., those people employed at SRS) will undervalue the risks and overvalue the potential benefits from future land uses that favor continued site activity, compared to people who live near but are not employed at SRS. We interviewed 286 people attending the Aiken Trials horse show on 14 March 1997. There were few gender differences, although men hunted and fished more than women, women ranked three environmental concerns as more severe than did men, and women were more concerned about the effect of SRS on property values. Maintenance of SRS as a National Environmental Research Park ranked first as a future land use; nuclear production ranked second, followed by hunting and hiking. Only residential development ranked very low as a future land use. There were many differences as a function of employment history at SRS: 1) people who work at SRS think that the federal government should spend funds to clean up all nuclear facilities, and they think less money should be spent on other environmental problems than did non-employees, 2) people who work at SRS ranked continued current uses of SRS higher than did people who never worked at SRS, and 3) people who work at SRS are less concerned about the storage of nuclear material or accidents at the site than are people who never worked at the site. 相似文献
20.