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851.
Recent perspectives on public responses to environmental and risk communication have emphasised the interpretation, judgement and 'sense-making' that takes place when lay audiences receive information and advice. In this paper we consider the public reception given to air-quality information in the UK as one example of a government information and communication initiative. Drawing on elements of a wider research project undertaken in the city of Birmingham in the UK, involving a survey and in-depth interviews with members of the public, it examines the extent of awareness and use of information services, attitudes towards information and the role of information in behaviour change. The objective of the paper is to assess in practical terms the impact of air-quality information available through the media and other sources, as well as to provide empirical evidence with which to reflect on debates over the practice of environmental communication and the stimulation of pro-environmental behaviour. Conclusions are drawn which point to both problems with air quality information provision and the possibilities of more effective and appropriate interventions through local-level initiatives. 相似文献
852.
853.
发展氢燃料电池汽车是我国实现“双碳”战略的重要路径之一,目前我国多个区域正在推广应用包括乘用车、客车以及重卡在内的氢燃料电池汽车,如何量化研究未来不同车型和不同区域的氢燃料电池汽车减碳潜力成为如今的研究热点之一.基于全生命周期的评价方法,考虑了未来的汽车燃油经济性、电力碳排放因子、氢能碳排放因子和氢燃料电池汽车推广规模及制氢方式的区域差异,量化评价了不同类型的氢燃料电池汽车(FCV)、传统燃油汽车(ICEV)和纯电动汽车(BEV)的全生命周期碳排放量(以CO2当量计),对比分析了氢燃料电池汽车在不同时间及不同区域的减碳潜力,并对百公里氢耗量进行了不确定性分析.结果发现,到2025年氢燃料电池客车的全生命周期碳排放比传统燃油客车降低36.0%,而氢燃料电池重卡相较于传统燃油重卡并没有减碳效益.随着未来我国氢能来源结构的不断优化,到2035年氢燃料电池重卡的全生命周期碳排放比传统燃油重卡降低36.5%,相较于乘用车和客车两种车型,其减碳效益是最明显的.以2035年京津冀示范群为例,随着百公里氢耗量降低20%,FCV乘用车、客车和重卡的减碳规模分别增加了7.29%、9.93%和19.57%.因此建议氢燃料电池汽车推广应短期以客车为主,长期以重卡为主,乘用车推广作为补充.分区域和分阶段推广氢燃料电池汽车更有助于推进我国汽车领域的低碳化进程. 相似文献
854.
Rui Liang Chao Chen Akash Kumar Junyu Tao Yan Kang Dong Han Xianjia Jiang Pei Tang Beibei Yan Guanyi Chen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(4):44
855.
Lingard JJ Agus EL Young DT Andrews GE Tomlin AS 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2006,8(12):1203-1218
A summertime study of the number concentration and the size distribution of combustion derived nanometre sized particles (termed nanoparticles) from diesel and spark-ignition (SI) engine emissions were made under rush-hour and free-flow traffic conditions at an urban roadside location in Leeds, UK in July 2003. The measured total particle number concentrations (N(TOTAL)) were of the order 1.8 x 10(4) to 3.4 x 10(4) cm(-3), and tended to follow the diurnal traffic flow patterns. The N(TOTAL) was dominated by particles < or =100 nm in diameter which accounted for between 89-93% of the measured particle number. By use of a log-normal fitting procedure, the modal parameters of the number based particle size distribution of urban airborne particulates were derived from the roadside measurements. Four component modes were identified. Two nucleation modes were found, with a smaller, more minor, mode composed principally of sub-11 nm particles, believed to be derived from particles formed from the nucleation of gaseous species in the atmosphere. A second mode, much larger in terms of number, was composed of particles within the size range of 10-20 nm. This second mode was believed to be principally derived from the condensation of the unburned fuel and lube oil (the solvent organic fraction or SOF) as it cooled on leaving the engine exhaust. Third and fourth modes were noted within the size ranges of 28-65 nm and 100-160 nm, respectively. The third mode was believed to be representative of internally mixed Aitken mode particles composed of a soot/ash core with an adsorbed layer of readily volatilisable material. The fourth mode was believed to be composed of chemically aged, secondary particles. The larger nucleation and Aitken modes accounted for between 80-90% of the measured N(TOTAL), and the particles in these modes were believed to be derived from SI and diesel engine emissions. The overall size distribution, particularly in modes II-IV, was observed to be strongly related to the number of primary particle emissions, with larger count median diameters observed under conditions where low numbers of primary soot based particles were present. 相似文献
857.
水芹(Oenanthe javaica)浸出液对小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)生长及超微结构的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用在不同浓度水芹(Oenanthe javaica)浸出液中纯培养小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)的方法,研究水芹浸出液对小球藻细胞数量、叶绿素含量和藻细胞超微结构的影响。结果显示,10 g.L-1水芹浸出液对小球藻的生长和叶绿素含量具有明显的促进作用;20 g.L-1水芹浸出液处理组藻细胞数量和叶绿素含量增加持续至第7天,但增幅低于对照组,7 d后抑制作用增强;高浓度(30~50 g.L-1)水芹浸出液对小球藻细胞数量和叶绿素含量的抑制作用在第5天开始变得显著,并随时间延长而加剧,具有浓度效应;经40 g.L-1水芹浸出液处理后,小球藻细胞壁断裂甚至消失,细胞中叶绿体片层肿胀甚至解体,核膜破裂,核质外渗。结果表明水芹浸出液对小球藻具有化感效应,总体呈现低浓度促进、高浓度抑制的规律。 相似文献
858.
Caiting Li Qun Li Pei Lu Huafei Cui Guangming Zeng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(2):156-161
A series of CeO2 supported V2O5 catalysts with various loadings were prepared with different calcination temperatures by the incipient impregnation. The catalysts were evaluated for low temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with ammonia (NH3). The effects of O2 and SO2 on catalytic activity were also studied. The catalysts were characterized by specific surface areas (SBET) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The experimental results showed that NO conversion changed significantly with the different V2O5 loading and calcination temperature. With the V2O5 loading increasing from 0 to 10 wt%, NO conversion increased significantly, but decreased at higher loading. The optimum calcination temperature was 400°C. The best catalyst yielded above 80% NO conversion in the reaction temperature range of 160°C–300°C. The formation of CeVO4 on the surface of catalysts caused the decrease of redox ability. 相似文献
859.
运用等量浸渍法制备了一系列CeCl3/ACF去除剂,研究了不同负载量、不同温度和不同烟气成分对其脱汞效果的影响,并采用BET和XRD 等手段对去除剂的理化性质进行了表征.结果表明,负载CeCl3后显著改善了活性碳纤维的脱汞能力,在本实验条件下,CeCl3的最佳负载量为5%(质量分数);当反应温度低于140°C时,去除剂的脱汞效率随着温度的升高而升高,当反应温度超过140°C后,去除效率随温度的升高而下降; 通过考察NO、SO2和水蒸气对ACF脱汞效果的影响发现,NO对单质汞脱除具有一定的促进作用,不同浓度的NO与单质汞的脱除效率之间存在正相关关系;SO2对单质汞的脱除具有抑制作用,且脱除效率随着SO2浓度的增加而下降;水蒸气对单质汞的脱除具有阻碍作用. 相似文献
860.
Lichtfouse Eric Morin-Crini Nadia Fourmentin Marc Zemmouri Hassiba do Carmo Nascimento Inara Oliveira Queiroz Luciano Matos Tadza Mohd Yuhyi Mohd Picos-Corrales Lorenzo A. Pei Haiyan Wilson Lee D. Crini Grégorio 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(4):1603-1621
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Coagulation/flocculation is a major phenomenon occurring during industrial and municipal water treatment to remove suspended particles. Common coagulants are metal... 相似文献