南黄海6.1级地震前巢湖地下水位前兆异常特征的分析

详细介绍了 1996年 11月 9日南黄海 6 1级地震前 ,巢湖地下水动态观测网中 3口水井所记录到的水位经标准差、剩余值数据处理得到的前兆异常。其异常时间以中短期为主 ,不同步。此外还对降雨对井水位的影响以及如何提高地震预报的准确性等问题进行了讨论。     

Community duplicate diet methodology: a new tool for estimating dietary exposures to pesticides

An observational field study was conducted to assess the feasibility of a community duplicate diet collection method; a dietary monitoring tool that is population-based. The purpose was to establish an alternative procedure to duplicate diet sampling that would be more efficient for a large, defined population, e.g., in the National Children's Study (NCS). Questionnaire data and food samples were collected in a residence so as not to lose the important component of storage, preparation, and handling in a contaminated microenvironment. The participants included nine Hispanic women of child bearing age living in Apopka, FL, USA. Foods highly consumed by Hispanic women were identified based on national food frequency questionnaires and prioritized by permethrin residue concentrations as measured for the Pesticide Data Program. Participants filled out questionnaires to determine if highly consumed foods were commonly eaten by them and to assess the collection protocol for the food samples. Measureable levels of permethrin were found in 54% of the samples. Questionnaire responses indicated that the collection of the community duplicate diet was feasible for a defined population.     

循环经济的理论依据研究

循环经济的发展是按照一定的客观规律运行的,研究循环经济的理论依据就是研究其客观运行规律。循环经济的理论依据大体分物理学理论、生态学理论、系统科学理论和区域科学理论等4个方面,其对循环经济的发展有一定的实践指导意义。     

创建机关ISO 14001环境管理体系探析

围绕天津市环境保护局创建机关ISO14001环境管理体系过程中的环境因素识别这一核心问题,进行了深入研究和探讨,并对体系的概况,特点和创建体系的意义等进行了概述和分析,为全国环保机关建立ISO14001环境管理体系提供了借鉴。     

乳化液废水湿式氧化动力学研究

在 2L高压间歇反应釜内 ,研究了乳化液废水湿式氧化 (WAO)的效果、影响因素及动力学特征 .结果表明 :温度、氧分压、进水浓度等操作条件对氧化效果有不同程度的影响 ,其中温度是关键的影响因素 .进水COD为 4 80 0 0mg·l- 1时 ,在 2 2 0℃ ,1 2 5倍理论供氧量的条件下 (氧分压为 1 2MPa) ,反应 2h ,去除率达 86% ,经拟合的反应动力学模型为 :-dCODdt =0 0 94 63exp ( -4 5 92 8× 1 0 3RT ) [COD]2 0 15[PO2 ]0 3 118-dTOCdt =0 3 770exp ( -4 7 84 1× 1 0 3RT ) [TOC]1 978[PO2 ]0 3 0 18表明湿式氧化处理乳化液废水的效果良好     

Enhanced biodegradation of azo dyes using an integrated elemental iron-activated sludge system: I. Evaluation of system performance.

The objective of this research is to evaluate an integrated system coupling zero-valent iron (Fe(0)) and aerobic biological oxidation for the treatment of azo dye wastewater. Zero-valent (elemental) iron can reduce the azo bond, cleaving dye molecules into products that are more amenable to aerobic biological treatment processes. Azo dye reduction products, including aniline and sulfanilic acid, were shown to be readily biodegradable at concentrations up to approximately 25 mg/L. Batch reduction and biodegradation data support the proposed integrated iron pretreatment and activated sludge process for the degradation of the azo dyes orange G and orange I. The integrated system was able to decolorize dye solutions and yield effluents with lower total organic carbon concentrations than control systems without iron pretreatment. The success of the bench-scale integrated system suggests that iron pretreatment may be a feasible approach to treat azo dye containing wastewaters.     

A field test of processed oil shale reclamation strategies designed for minimal use of limited resources

Reclamation of processed oil shale disposal areas in the arid and semi-arid regions of Utah, Colorado and Wyoming faces several challenging problems. Shallow topsoil, harsh climate and limited water supply and low suitability of processed oil shale as a plant growth medium must be addressed if any reclamation plan is to be successful.A prototype reclamation plan that addressed the harsh environmental conditions was proposed early in the development of oil shale in eastern Utah. Studies to validate the reclamation plan were initiated in 1978 on a simulated oil shale disposal area at Anvil Points, Colorado.Four native shrubs, one forb and a grass, were successfully established by planting container-grown transplants into a topsoil-filled V-shaped trench. Supplemental water was provided from an adjacent water harvesting slope. The roots of the transplanted species grew into the adjacent shale from the soil trench, thus indicating their adaptability to the adverse oil shale conditions.Support for this research was provided by the White River Shale Corporation, Salt Lake City, Utah.