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491.
ABSTRACTSustainable forest management on a regional scale requires accurate biomass estimation. At present, technologically comprehensive forecasting estimates are generated using process-based ecological models. However, isolation of the ecological factors that cause uncertainty in model behavior is difficult. To solve this problem, this study aimed to construct a meliorization model evaluation framework to explain uncertainty in model behavior with respect to both the mechanisms and algorithms involved in ecological forecasting based on the principle of landsenses ecology. We introduce a complicated ecological driving mechanism to the process-based ecological model using analytical software and algorithms. Subsequently, as a case study, we apply the meliorization model evaluation framework to detect Eucalyptus biomass forest patches at a regional scale (196,158 ha) using the 3PG2 (Physiological Principles in Predicting Growth) model. Our results show that this technique improves the accuracy of ecological simulation for ecological forecasting and prevents new uncertainties from being produced by adding a new driving mechanism to the original model structure. This result was supported by our Eucalyptus biomass simulation using the 3PG2 model, in which ecological factors caused 21.83% and 9.05% uncertainty in model behavior temporal and spatial forecasting, respectively. In conclusion, the systematic meliorization model evaluation framework reported here provides a new method that could be applied to research requiring comprehensive ecological forecasting. Sustainable forest management on regional scales contributes to accurate forest biomass simulation through the principle of landsenses ecology, in which mix-marching data and a meliorization model are combined. 相似文献
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以粉煤灰和钢渣为主要原料,采用水玻璃和Na OH作为碱激发剂,制备出一种具有较高早期强度的地质聚合物胶凝材料。通过实验探讨了各因素对该地质聚合物强度发展的影响。同时,考察了钢渣的加入量对地质聚合物强度的影响。结果表明,当钢渣的加入量(质量分数)为25%,碱加入量为16%,水灰比为0.16,水玻璃加入量为24%时,各组试样的7 d和28 d抗压强度均在20 MPa以上。由XRD、FT-IR进一步分析得出,粉煤灰和钢渣的协同作用制备地质聚合物复合胶凝材料具有较好的早期和后期强度。 相似文献
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Zuo Tong How Ina Kristian Francesco Busetti Kathryn L. Linge Cynthia A. Joll 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(8):2-18
This paper is a critical review of current knowledge of organic chloramines in water systems,including their formation, stability, toxicity, analyticalmethods for detection, and their impact
on drinking water treatment and quality. The term organic chloramines may refer to any
halogenated organic compounds measured as part of combined chlorine (the difference
between themeasured free and total chlorine concentrations), andmay include N-chloramines,
N-chloramino acids, N-chloraldimines and N-chloramides. Organic chloramines can form
when dissolved organic nitrogen or dissolved organic carbon react with either free chlorine
or inorganic chloramines. They are potentially harmful to humans and may exist as an
intermediate for other disinfection by-products. However, little information is available on the
formation or occurrence of organic chloramines in water due to a number of challenges. One of
the biggest challenges for the identification and quantification of organic chloramines in water
systems is the lack of appropriate analytical methods. In addition, many of the organic
chloramines that formduring disinfection are unstable,which results in difficulties in sampling
and detection. To date research has focussed on the study of organic monochloramines.
However, given that breakpoint chlorination is commonly undertaken in water treatment
systems, the formation of organic dichloramines should also be considered. Organic
chloramines can be formed frommany different precursors and pathways. Therefore, studying
the occurrence of their precursors in water systems would enable better prediction and
management of their formation. 相似文献
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降解拟除虫菊酯类农药的缺陷假单胞菌的分离、鉴定及降解特性研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
采用室内培养试验的方法,从拟除虫菊酯类农药生产车间下水道驯化污泥中分离、筛选出1株可同时降解联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯的高效菌株MSRl4,经鉴定为缺陷假单胞菌(pseudomonas diminuta),并对其生理特性进行研究.结果表明,该菌为革兰氏阴性好氧型球形杆菌,大小为(O.3-0.7)μm,能够以3种菊酯为唯一碳源进行生长.在通气、pH 6.0-7.0、温度30℃、接菌量(OD415nm=0.2)和转速180 r·min-1的环境条件下,对含联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯各100 mg·L-1的混合培养基培养3d,发现该菌对这3种菊酯的降解效果最好,降解率分别为43.78%、43.91%和43.75%,且降解过程满足一级动力学方程模型,降解半衰期(t1/2)分别为97.6、106.6和101.9h.3种菊酯农药降解率与接菌量、通气量和振荡速率呈正相关. 相似文献
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人类活动尤其是人为过度开采地下水,控制和制约着天然地下水环境的演化进程。本文分析了衡水市近50年来大规模超量开采地下水导致衡水市出现地下水动力场变异、含水介质空间结构变异以及地下水化学场变异等问题,分析深部地下水循环系统动力场时空演化规律、地面沉降发展规律以及地下水化学环境的演化规律。自20世纪50年代以来,人类活动影响下衡水市地下水环境的演化经历了原始共生、地下水采补均衡、地下水采补失衡以及生态环境恶化的过程。 相似文献