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41.
Potential use of lignite fly ash for the control of acid generation from sulphidic wastes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
In the present paper, the potential use of lignite fly ash in the control of acid generation from sulphidic tailings disposed of at Lavrion, Greece was studied. Long-term laboratory column kinetic tests were performed on tailings containing 27% S, which were homogeneously mixed with various amounts of fly ash, ranging from 10 to 63% w/w. The drainage quality of the columns was monitored over a test period of 600 days. Chemical and mineralogical characterisation of column solid residues was performed after a 270-day test period. The hydraulic conductivity of the mixtures was also measured to evaluate the potential of fly ash to form a low permeability layer. Based on the results, the addition of fly ash to sulphidic tailings, even at the lower amount, increased the pH of the drainage at values of 8.6-10.0 and decreased the dissolved concentrations of contaminants, mainly Zn and Mn, to values that meet the European regulatory limits for potable water. Higher fly ash addition to tailings, at amounts of 31 and 63% w/w also reduced the water permeability of material from 1.2 x 10(-5) cm/sec to 3 x 10(-7) and 2.5 x 10(-8) m/s, respectively. 相似文献
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Patoucheas Pierros Koukousioura Olga Psarra Stella Aligizaki Katerina Dimiza Margarita D. Skampa Elisavet Michailidis Ioannis Nomikou Paraskevi Triantaphyllou Maria V. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(26):33854-33865
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phytoplankton community was investigated during two contrasting periods using offshore plankton samples in the volcanic area of Methana peninsula... 相似文献
44.
Cheimonopoulou MT Bobori DC Theocharopoulos I Lazaridou M 《Environmental management》2011,47(2):279-290
Biological elements, such as benthic macroinvertebrates and fish, have been used in assessing the ecological quality of rivers
according to the requirements of the Water Framework Directive. However, the concurrent use of multiple organism groups provides
a broader perspective for such evaluations, since each biological element may respond differently to certain environmental
variables. In the present study, we assessed the ecological quality of a Greek river (RM4 type), during autumn 2003 and spring
2004 at 10 sites, with benthic macroinvertebrates and fish. Hydromorphological and physicochemical parameters, habitat structure,
and riparian vegetation were also considered. Pollution sensitive macroinvertebrate taxa were more abundant at headwaters,
which had good/excellent water quality according to the Hellenic Evaluation System (HES). The main river reaches possessed
moderate water quality, while downstream sites were mainly characterised as having bad or poor water quality, dominated by
pollution-tolerant macroinvertebrate taxa. Macroinvertebrates related strongly to local stressors as chemical degradation
(ordination analysis CCA) and riparian quality impairment (bivariate analysis) while fish did not. Fish were absent from the
severely impacted lower river reaches. Furthermore, external pathological signs were observed in fish caught at certain sites.
A combined use of both macroinvertebrates and fish in biomonitoring programs is proposed for providing a safer assessment
of local and regional habitat impairment. 相似文献
45.
The TRIX index used for the assessment of trophic status of coastal waters has been applied in many European seas (Adriatic, Tyrrhenian, Baltic, Black Sea, and North Sea). However, all these waters are characterized by high nutrient levels and phytoplankton biomass; index calibration based on systems that are principally eutrophic may introduce bias to the index scaling. In the present work the TRIX trophic index is evaluated using three standard sets of data characterizing oligotrophy, mesotrophy, and eutrophication in the Aegean (Eastern Mediterranean) marine environment. A natural eutrophication scale based on the TRIX index that is suitable to characterize trophic conditions in oligotrophic Mediterranean water bodies is proposed. This scale was developed into a five-grade water quality classification scheme describing different levels of eutrophication. It is questionable whether this index can form a universal index of eutrophication or the scaling of TRIX should be region specific. 相似文献
46.
Despite the long-time application of organic waste derived composts to crops, there is still no universally accepted index to assess compost maturity and stability. The research presented in this article investigated the suitability of seven types of seeds for use in germination bioassays to assess the maturity and phytotoxicity of six composts. The composts used in the study were derived from cow manure, sea weeds, olive pulp, poultry manure and municipal solid waste. The seeds used in the germination bioassays were radish, pepper, spinach, tomato, cress, cucumber and lettuce. Data were analyzed with an analysis of variance at two levels and with pair-wise comparisons. The analysis revealed that composts rendered as phytotoxic to one type of seed could enhance the growth of another type of seed. Therefore, germination indices, which ranged from 0% to 262%, were highly dependent on the type of seed used in the germination bioassay. The poultry manure compost was highly phytotoxic to all seeds. At the 99% confidence level, the type of seed and the interaction between the seeds and the composts were found to significantly affect germination. In addition, the stability of composts was assessed by their microbial respiration, which ranged from approximately 4 to 16 g O2/kg organic matter and from 2.6 to approximately 11 g CO2–C/kg C, after seven days. Initial average oxygen uptake rates were all less than approximately 0.35 g O2/kg organic matter/h for all six composts. A high statistically significant correlation coefficient was calculated between the cumulative carbon dioxide production, over a 7-day period, and the radish seed germination index. It appears that a germination bioassay with radish can be a valid test to assess both compost stability and compost phytotoxicity. 相似文献
47.
48.
Georgia Ntzala Prodromos H. Koukoulakis Aristotelis H. Papadopoulos Michalis Leotsinidis Eleni Sazakli Ioannis K. Kalavrouziotis 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(6):5231-5242
A greenhouse experiment was conducted during 2010–2011. A complete randomized blocks design was used including seven treatment levels of sludge(tons per hectare), i.e., 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and “30+ treated wastewater”, in four replications. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L var longifolia) was chosen as a test plant. The purpose of the experiment was to study the relationships between soil Pollution Load Index, heavy metal transfer factor, and concentration factor and to determine optimum concentration factor values. The following were found: several mathematical relationships were established between the above parameters that could be used for the study of heavy metal accumulation in soils and plants under the effect of the applied sludge. They can be also used for the calculation of one of the above parameters as a function of the others. Based on the experimental data, the optimum concentration factor for several heavy metals were determined by multiple linear regression analysis, expressing the concentration factor as a function of the maximum dry lettuce matter yield, and of optimum/minimum heavy metal content of plant dry matter. The mean value of the calculated concentration factor obtained for each separate metal was: Zn, 2.93; Cd, 0.39; Co, 1.47; and Ni, 0.52. 相似文献
49.
Ioannis Meliadis Panagiotis Platis Apostolos Ainalis Miltiadis Meliadis 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,163(1-4):455-465
Natural ecosystems are renewable resources with special environmental, social, and economical attributes and characteristics. The increasing need of human beings for a better environment results in the use of new technologies that offer many advantages in detecting changes in the ecosystems. Remote sensing tools, technology, and the spatial analysis of the Geographic Information System were used in determining any changes in this study which attempts to classify land cover over a 10-year period. The study area is in Thessaly, central Greece, and has been classified as a Special Protection Area, because of its important wild fauna. The results have shown that current technologies can be used for modeling environmental parameters which improve our knowledge of the attributes, characteristics, situation, trends, and changes of natural ecosystems. The changes over time that have been observed result from the development of the vegetation or to anthropogenic and socioeconomic reasons. Rational range management will be a very comprehensive tool for farmers. This action will have a positive impact on flora in the rangelands. The core strategy is to combine forest, pasture, and livestock so that each component produces usable products. 相似文献
50.
Total and available heavy metal concentrations in soils of the Thriassio plain (Greece) and assessment of soil pollution indexes 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Ioannis Massas Dionisios Kalivas Constantions Ehaliotis Dionisios Gasparatos 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(8):6751-6766
The Thriassio plain is located 25 km west of Athens city, the capital of Greece. Two major towns (Elefsina and Aspropyrgos), heavy industry plants, medium to large-scale manufacturing, logistics plants, and agriculture comprise the main land uses of the studied area. The aim of the present study was to measure the total and available concentrations of Cr, Zn, Ni, Pb, Co, Mn, Ba, Cu, and Fe in the top soils of the plain, and to asses soil contamination by these metals by using the geoaccumulation index (I geo), the enrichment factor (EF), and the availability ratio (AR) as soil pollution indexes. Soil samples were collected from 90 sampling sites, and aqua regia and DTPA extractions were carried out to determine total and available metal forms, respectively. Median total Cr, Zn, Ni, Pb, Co, Mn, Ba, Cu, and Fe concentrations were 78, 155, 81, 112, 24, 321, 834, 38, and 16?×?103 mg?kg?1, respectively. The available fractions showed much lower values with medians of 0.4, 5.6, 1.7, 6.9, 0.8, 5.7, 19.8, 2.1, and 2.9 mg?kg?1. Though median total metal concentrations are not considered as particularly high, the I geo and the EF values indicate moderate to heavy soil enrichment. For certain metals such as Cr, Ni, Cu, and Ba, the different distribution patterns between the EFs and the ARs suggest different origin of the total and the available metal forms. The evaluation of the EF and AR data sets for the soils of the two towns further supports the argument that the EFs can well demonstrate the long-term history of soil pollution and that the ARs can adequately portray the recent history of soil pollution. 相似文献