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841.
Tran?Duc?ThanhEmail author Yoshiki?Saito Dinh?Van?Huy Van?Lap?Nguyen Thi?Kim?Oanh?Ta Masaaki?Tateishi 《Regional Environmental Change》2004,4(1):49-62
Vietnam is a tropical to subtropical country located on the eastern Asian coast where the Red (Song Hong) and Mekong rivers discharge into the sea. The catchments of these two transboundary rivers cover parts of six countries, and their water and sediment discharges greatly influence the coastal seas of Vietnam. The impact of human activities include changes in the supply and distribution of water, sediments, and nutrients; changes in the relationships and balance among dynamically interacting factors and processes; and changes in the quality of the coastal and marine environments due to the increased use and accumulation of pollutants and the loss of habitats. These impacts have resulted in increasing unpredictability and severity of coastal problems such as floods, erosion, sedimentation, and saltwater intrusion; environmental pollution; and the degradation of ecosystems, with accompanying decrease in biodiversity and fishery productivity. 相似文献
842.
Christopher M. B. Lehmann Van C. Bowersox Robert S. Larson Susan M. Larson 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2007,7(1-3):59-66
Data from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) indicate significant changes have
occurred in precipitation chemistry and the chemical climate in the United States (US). A Seasonal Kendall Trend (SKT) analysis
shows statistically significant increases in precipitation ammonium concentrations at 64% of 159 continental US NADP/NTN sites
evaluated from Winter 1985 to Fall 2004 (Dec. 1984 – Nov. 2004). Sulfate decreases were widespread, with an SKT analysis indicating
statistically significant decreases at 89% of sites evaluated. Ratios of chemical equivalent concentrations of ammonium to
sulfate in precipitation have risen to the extent that ammonium now exceeds sulfate over more than half of the continental
U.S. on a precipitation-weighted-mean annual basis. These trends in the concentrations of ammonium, sulfate, and other species
have been accompanied by significant decreases in the frequency of acidic precipitation (pH < 5.0) in the last decade. 相似文献
843.
Nutrient-Balance Modeling as a Tool for Environmental Management in Aquaculture: The Case of Trout Farming in France 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Papatryphon E Petit J Van Der Werf HM Sadasivam KJ Claver K 《Environmental management》2005,35(2):161-174
The control and prevention of nutrient pollution from fish farming plays an essential role in the French regulatory framework. Assessing nutrient emissions from fish farms is important in terms of farm authorization, taxation, and monitoring. Currently employed strategies involve both water sampling and empirical modeling. This article reports the work and outcomes of an expert panel that evaluated existing methodologies and their possible alternatives. The development and evaluation of a nutrient-balance approach was assessed as a potential alternative to currently used methodologies. A previously described nutrient-balance model was suggested and parameterized using expert choice, and its validity and applicability were assessed. The results stress that the nutrient-balance model provides more robust and relatively conservative waste estimates compared to the currently used methodologies. Sensitivity of the approach to the uneven data quality available at farm level, difficulties of on-farm measurements, as well as model requirements and limitations are discussed. 相似文献
844.
Ralph K. Davis Sherri Hamilton John Van Brahana 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2005,41(6):1279-1287
Recent studies indicate fecal coliform bacterial concentrations, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), characteristically vary by several orders of magnitude, depending on the hydrology of storm recharge and discharge. E. coli concentrations in spring water increase rapidly during the rising limb of a storm hydrograph, peak prior to or coincident with the peak of the storm pulse, and decline rapidly, well before the recession of the storm hydrograph. This suggests E. coli are associated with resuspension of sediment during the onset of turbulent flow, and indicates viable bacteria reside within the spring and stream sediments. E. coli inoculated chambers were placed in spring and stream environments within the mantled karst of northwest Arkansas to assess long term (> 75 days) E. coli viability. During the 75‐day study, a 4‐log die‐off of E. coli was observed for chambers placed in the Illinois River, and a 5‐log die‐off for chambers placed in Copperhead Spring. Extrapolation of the regression line for each environment indicates E. coli concentration would reach 1 most probable number (MPN)/100 g sediment at Copperhead Spring in about 105 days, and about 135 days in the Illinois River, based on a starting inoculation of 2.5 × 107 MPN E. coli/100 g of sediment. These in situ observations indicate it is possible for E. coli to survive in these environments for at least four months with no fresh external inputs. 相似文献
845.
In the need for a model able to explain both slow and rapid changes in the behavior of algae, this paper applies a special technique to the construction of a more realistic dynamical system. The result is a transformation of a Monod type growth rate into an integrated Rabinowitch nonlinear functional form. A cusp catastrophe is subsequently unfolded from the state representation equation. Several qualitative aspects of the eutrophication phenomena then arise from the geometry of the model in a natural way. Also elucidated are the possible size of a collapsed algae biomass and the estimation of summerkill risks. 相似文献
846.
Management of incinerator residues in Flanders (Belgium) and in neighbouring countries. A comparison 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Van Gerven T Geysen D Stoffels L Jaspers M Wauters G Vandecasteele C 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2005,25(1):75-87
This paper covers the Flemish legislative tools concerning the management of bottom ash, fly ash and APC residue from municipal waste incinerators, with respect to their contamination with heavy metals. The situation in Flanders is compared to the one in the Walloon region, The Netherlands, Germany and France. Waste management in the countries considered differs on the level of available management options, of leaching tests and of limit values. To make an indicative comparison of leaching tests and limit values in the different countries, leaching tests were carried out on bottom ash and fly ash, and the results are compared to the relevant limit values for recycling and landfilling of the different countries. The comparison of legislations as well as the leaching results show that discrepancies in waste management between the different regions and countries exist. Recently, European limit values for landfilling became available. European legislation on recycling, however, has not been developed and urgently needs to be considered and drafted as the market for recycling can be expanding rapidly. 相似文献
847.
粘性泥石流体触变应力本构关系的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了能直接测定含有粗颗粒砾石的粘性泥石流体原样的流变特性,专门研制了大型泥石流流变仪,利用该仪器测试的结果,分析研究了粘性泥石流体启动的应力本构方程和触变特性的关系。粘性泥石流体在低速率区启动初始阶段,颗粒间的作用以接触挤压和滑动摩擦为主,其应力本构关系可用剪切稀化的幂定理方程来描述。粘性泥石流体在剪切“上行”与“下行”曲线环绕的延迟区域的存在,说明该流体具有触变能量,并通过触变能量的计算以及与泥石流运动要素的对比,探讨了粘性泥石流体触变应力本构关系。 相似文献
848.
Huong Do Thi Thu Ha Nguyen Thi Thu Do Khanh Gia Van Thanh Nguyen Hens Luc 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(4):5032-5051
Environment, Development and Sustainability - The Northeastern coastal zone of Vietnam possesses high biodiversity and rich ecosystems like coral reefs, seagrasses, beaches and mangroves. It also... 相似文献
849.
本文提出了纺织品隔声性能的测试方法和评价指标,探讨了织物结构参数对隔声性能的影响。织物平方米重对声波衰减率的影响大于覆盖系数和厚度。织物对声波的衰减作用具有频率选择性。 相似文献
850.
2 greenhouse gases in assessment studies. For the cases studied, we identify variability in the assessment reports in the Netherlands
during the pre-IPCC period. In the Netherlands arena, the assessments in this period can be seen as exponents of two different
lines, a Netherlands line and an international line. We seek to identify what factors were decisive in the selection processes
that resulted in the closure of visible disputes (visible in or across the assessment reports) for both cases. Our analysis
reveals a remarkable difference in the adoption behavior of two Dutch assessment groups despite a large overlap in membership.
We provide evidence that it is not the paradigmatic predisposition of the experts in the committee that was decisive for the
closure of visible disputes, but it was the context in which the experts operated and the commitments they had made in each
setting. 相似文献