Assessment of heavy metal pollution from a Fe-smelting plant in urban river sediments using environmental magnetic and geochemical methods

Environmental magnetic proxies provide a rapid means of assessing the degree of industrial heavy metal pollution in soils and sediments. To test the efficiency of magnetic methods for detecting contaminates from a Fe-smelting plant in Loudi City, Hunan Province (China) we investigated river sediments from Lianshui River. Both magnetic and non-magnetic (microscopic, chemical and statistical) methods were used to characterize these sediments. Anthropogenic heavy metals coexist with coarse-grained magnetic spherules. It can be demonstrated that the Pollution Load Index of industrial heavy metals (Fe, V, Cr, Mo, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu) and the logarithm of saturation isothermal remanent magnetization, a proxy for magnetic concentration, are significantly correlated. The distribution heavy metal pollution in the Lianshui River is controlled by surface water transport and deposition. Our findings demonstrate that magnetic methods have a useful and practical application for detecting and mapping pollution in and around modern industrial cities.     

Temporal analysis of PM10 in Metropolitan Monterrey, México

The Monterrey Metropolitan Area (MMA) is the third largest city in Mexico. Few studies have been carried out regarding its air pollution. The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal behavior of PM10 (particulate matter < or =10 microm in aerodynamic diameter). Data reported by the "Sistema Integral de Monitoreo Ambiental" (Integrated Environmental Monitoring System) network from 2006 to 2008 were used. PM10 levels were compared among the stations by year, season, and day of week. A bootstrap technique was used to obtain subsamples to which Student's t test and ANOVA were applied. PM10 levels were high and exceeded the annual limit of 50 microg/m3 set up by the Mexican standard Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-025-SSA1-1993. These levels could have serious health effects. The southwest zone of MMA had the highest levels of PM10 during the period studied. Winter was the most polluted season, and summer was the least polluted season. Thursday and Friday were the most polluted days, and Sunday was the least polluted day. The hours with the highest levels of PM10 were 8:00 to 10:00 a.m., whereas nighttime hours were the cleanest.     

基于LMDI方法的广东省生活能源消费影响因素分析

运用对数平均迪氏分解法(LMDI)构建广东省生活能源消费的因素分解模型,定量分析2000~2014年间能源结构、人口规模、居住面积和设备消费等因素的变化对生活能源消费的影响。研究发现,4种因素的累计效应均为正,而采用逐年效应角度观察,设备消费是生活能源消费增加的最大拉动因素,其次为居住面积。基于研究结果,提出降低居民生活能源消费的相关政策建议。     

广东省电子废物回收处理体系建设对策研究

广东省的电子废物产生量大,亟须建立规范的回收处理处置体系,实现资源的有序回收利用,避免电子废物的不当拆解处理造成环境污染。针对广东省电子废物回收处理的现状和存在问题,提出建设规模化的集中处理体系,产业化的回收利用体系和规范化的统一监管体系的相关对策,以促进电子废物的无害化、减量化和资源化处理处置。     

踔厉奋发,笃行不怠开启美丽广东建设新征程 ——《广东省生态环境保护"十四五"规划》解读之一

<正>“十境三质五量”改时善期最是大我的国五生年态,环也是生态环境保护事业发展最好的五年。“十三五”期间,广东省坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,深入贯彻习近平生态文明思想,认真落实党中央、国务院决策部署,把生态文明建设和生态环境保护作为新时代广东改革发展的重大政治任务和重大民生任务抓紧抓实,把污染防治攻坚战纳入全省“1+1+9”工作部署,     

石灰对Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn复合污染土壤中重金属化学形态的影响

通过室内模拟试验,研究了石灰对不同处理(轻度、中度、重度)水平下土壤典型重金属Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn化学形态的影响。结果表明:添加石灰60 d后土壤pH值、有机质含量均明显升高,4种重金属化学形态总体呈现由水溶态、交换态等活性态向有机态、残渣态等非活性态转化的趋势,其生物活性、迁移能力及淋溶能力均有不同程度下降,表明石灰是土壤重金属复合污染的有效修复剂。同时,不同处理水平下土壤4种重金属对石灰添加量的响应有差异,其中土壤Cu、Cd生物活性受石灰添加量影响较小,但中度、重度处理下土壤Pb、Zn生物活性和Cd、Zn迁移能力以及轻度处理下土壤Pb迁移能力均随着石灰添加量增加而显著降低,轻度处理下重金属淋溶能力在0.2 g石灰时最低,在中度、重度处理下随着石灰添加量增加而降低。     

污水生态净化技术研究与应用进展

综述了污水生态净化技术的概念、特点，分类及部分主要技术的原理、设计参数；分析了水生植物，微生物，水生动物和基质的去污机理；阐述了污水生态净化技术目前在国内外的应用形式；提出了污水生态净化技术今后在我国的应用发展方向。     

北京湿地生态系统重要服务功能及其价值评估

论文基于北京市湿地资源调查数据,重点评估了湿地调蓄洪水、供给水源、净化水质、蒸发降温和维护生境等重要生态服务功能及其价值。结果表明,2014年北京市湿地面积5.14×10⁴ hm²,其中46%为自然湿地,并集中分布在密云、房山和门头沟等远郊区。北京市湿地生态系统年均调蓄洪水20.75×10⁸ m³、供给水源9.44×10⁸ m³、净化水体污染物（COD）4.22×10⁴ t、蒸发吸热3.03×10¹² kJ,并维护着较高质量生境0.96×10⁴ hm²,其经济价值分别为158.95×10⁸、11.89×10⁸、1.69×10⁸、4.21×10⁸和10.84×10⁸元。虽然这些重要生态系统服务的78%来自于北京市远郊区的湖库与河流湿地,但是主城区湿地同样提供着重要的生态服务功能,且受益人群数量较高,因而更需重点保护。     

组合权重法在长江口生态评价系统中的应用

建立了基于组合权重法的长江口生态评价系统,并对2008年长江口生态监控区进行了综合评价,结果表明:整个监测区域已经没有健康海域,5月份健康状况要稍好于8月份.该评价系统在实际应用中客观、准确,能为生态监控区的监视、监管工作提供科学的依据.     

上海市大气污染物排放现状评价、预测及对策研究

通过对1985-2001年间上海市大气污染物排放情况的考察,分析了SO2排放强度和人均SO2排放量等大气污染物排放指标变化的原因;与国内主要城市和美国的大气污染物排放指标对比情况表明,上海市大气污染物排放强度在国内处于较低的水平,但与发达国家相比还有较大差距;采用Sigmoid模型对上海市大气污染物排放进行了预测;提出了降低大气污染物排放的几点对策.