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101.
Jaime Villalobos 《Natural resources forum》1989,13(3):191-197
Bolivia is a country of great mineral wealth with known reserves estimated to be worth over US$7 billion. Despite this great potential wealth, in the early 1980s the mining industry of Bolivia found itself in a crisis characterized by excessive state intervention in the industry, a financially troubled state mining company, large areas of the country off-limits to mineral development, an irrational tax system which discouraged mining and labour unrest. To deal with these problems, the government decided to restructure the mining industry so as to encourage private participation. This paper describes the policies introduced to revitalize the mining industry as well as projections of what the future benefits would be to the country if those policies are successful in achieving their objectives. 相似文献
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104.
Sherif Abd-Elmaksoud Jaime E. Naranjo Charles P. Gerba 《Food and environmental virology》2013,5(2):87-90
Effective individual microbiological water purifiers are needed for consumption of untreated water sources by campers, emergency use, military, and in developing counties. A handheld UV light device was tested to assess if it could meet the virus reduction requirements established by the United State Environmental Protection Agency, National Science Foundation and the World Health Organization. The device was found capable of inactivating at least 4 log10 of poliovirus type 1, rotavirus SA-11 and MS-2 virus in 500 mL volumes of general case test water. But in the presence of high turbidity and organic matter, filtration was necessary to achieve a 4 log10 reduction of the test viruses. 相似文献
105.
Medina-Contreras Diana Cantera-Kintz Jaime Sánchez Alberto 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(41):61608-61622
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Mangroves are important ecosystems of tropical and subtropical shorelines. Anthropogenic activity decreases their habitat quality, affecting... 相似文献
106.
Eduardo V. V. Varej?o Carlos R. Bellato Maur��cio P. F. Fontes Jaime W. V. Mello 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,172(1-4):631-642
The Iron Quadrangle has been one of the most important gold production regions in Brazil since the end of the seventeenth century. There, arsenic occurs in close association with sulfide-rich auriferous rocks. The most abundant sulfide minerals are pyrite and arsenopyrite, yet trace metal sulfides occur in subordinate phases as well. Historical mining activities have been responsible for the release of As and trace metals to both aquatic and terrestrial environments close to mining sites in the region. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the distribution and mobility of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in streams in the southeast portion of the Iron Quadrangle between the municipalities of Ouro Preto and Mariana, the oldest Brazilian Au mining province. Total concentrations of some trace metals and arsenic in water were determined. The four-stage sequential extraction procedure proposed by the commission of the European Communities Bureau of Reference (BCR) was used to investigate the distribution of these elements in stream sediments. Arsenic concentration in water was >10 ??g L???1 (maximum limit permitted by Brazilian environmental regulations for water destined for human consumption) at all sampling sites, varying between 36.7 and 68.3 ??g L???1. Sequential extraction in sediments showed high concentrations of As and trace metals associated with easily mobilized fractions. 相似文献
107.
Ramiro Ahumada-Cervantes Gilberto Velázquez-Angulo Hugo B. Rodríguez-Gallegos Edith Flores-Tavizón Rubén Félix-Gastélum Jaime Romero-González Alfredo Granados-Olivas 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2017,22(1):137-152
To propose specific adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector based on vulnerability to climate variability and climate change at the local level, we built a vulnerability index using an indicator tool at a fine spatial scale. This index was applied as a case study in the municipality of Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico, at the basic census area (BCA) level. We used a total of 37 variables organized into three groups with equal weighting: exposure (13), sensitivity (13), and adaptive capacity (11). From the 20 rural BCAs located in the study area, eight were categorized as having very low vulnerability; five had low vulnerability; two had medium vulnerability because of the lack of basic services (sewers, water, and electricity) and a high rural population density; three had high vulnerability due to a high frequency of days with temperatures below 5 °C and the lack of basic services; and two had very high vulnerability, characterized by a high percentage of production units (PUs) with losses due to climate factors, a high rural population density, and a high frequency of days with temperatures below 5 °C. Approximately 50 % of the municipal rural population lives in BCAs vulnerable to climate change. This methodology allowed us to identify the most susceptible agricultural areas at the local level and the variables that require more attention so that we can propose adaptation strategies and minimize vulnerability due to climate change. 相似文献
108.
Princewill C. Ogbonna Scholastica N. Nwokolo Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(10):1925-1933
This study determined the heavy metal concentration in soil and plants at a bone char site in Umuahia, Nigeria. Soil and plant samples collected in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) were analyzed for zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As). The concentration of metals in soil and plants in the vicinity of the bone char site are as follows: Zn (172?mg?kg?1) and Ni (0.62?mg?kg?1) in soil were highest at site P3, Pb (2.37?mg?kg?1) and As (0.08?mg?kg?1) at site P1, and Cd (18.30?mg?kg?1) at site P2. In plants, the concentrations of Zn (41.17?mg?kg?1) and Cd (3?mg?kg?1) were highest in Albizia ferruginea, Ni in Dialium guineense (0.09?mg?kg?1), while Pb was in D. guineense (0.08?mg?kg?1) and Spathodea companulata (0.06?mg?kg?1). The levels of Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and As in soil ranged from 11.2 to 172, 2.68 to 18.2, 0.026 to 2.37, 0.33 to 0.62, and 0.02 to 0.08?mg?kg?1, respectively. In plants, the concentration of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni ranged from 2.01 to 41.17, 0.12 to 3, 0.02 to 0.08, and 0.03 to 0.09?mg?kg?1, respectively. There were significant correlations between Zn and Cd, and Pb and As in soil. The high concentration of Cd in soil might affect soil productivity. 相似文献
109.
Rodrigues Ana Sofia Silveira Jefferson E. Carbajo Jaime Zazo Juan A. Casas Jose A. Fernandes Annabel Pacheco Maria José Ciríaco Lurdes Lopes Ana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):23822-23832
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Perovskite oxides BaFeyTi1-yO3, with y = 0, 0.6, 0.8 and 1, were prepared by ceramic (CM) and complex polymerization methods (CPM) and utilized in... 相似文献
110.
Rogelio Cruz-Martínez Adolfo Etchegaray Saulo Molina-Giraldo Belen Nieto-Castro Enrique Gil Guevara Joaquin Bustillos Miguel Martínez-Rodríguez Alma Gámez-Varela Daniel Saldivar-Rodríguez Erendira Chávez-González Rodolfo Keller Ricardo Russo Eduardo Yepez-García Fausto Coronel-Cruz Johnatan Torres-Torres Alejandro Rojas-Macedo Daniel Ibarra-Ríos Ricardo Ordorica-Flores Jaime Nieto-Zermeño Manuel Alcocer-Alcocer 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(7):519-526