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61.
Doumas Patrick Munoz Marguerite Banni Mohamed Becerra Sylvia Bruneel Odile Casiot Corinne Cleyet-Marel Jean-Claude Gardon Jacques Noack Yves Sappin-Didier Valérie 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(3):677-692
Regional Environmental Change - Abandoned mines are a recurrent problem for nearby communities in Mediterranean regions because mine tailings represent a major source of polymetallic contamination.... 相似文献
62.
Contrary to many estuaries where the increase in inputs of nitrogenous nutrients results in a macro-algal or phytoplanktonic bloom, no proliferation of this kind has ever been observed in the waters of Mont-Saint-Michel bay (north-western France) owing to a very high turbidity which greatly limits light penetration. On the other hand, it is well known that the factor that usually limits the growth of vascular plants in salt marshes is not the light resource but nitrogen availability; these plant species are therefore able to benefit fully from the enrichment of water by nitrogenous compounds. This seems to be the case of the sea couch grass Elymus athericus that has spread very rapidly on the salt marshes of this site since the mid-1980s. Firstly, the present study (i) accurately documents, from a compilation of data from administrative archives, the changes in agricultural land use in the major watersheds during the period 1970–2010, together with related changes in the nitrate contents of the rivers flowing into the bay; (ii) quantifies the spatial spread of sea couch grass between 1984 and 2013 from the five maps made during this period. In the second part, using in-depth analysis based on the findings of previous studies, it shows that the expansion of this native grass corresponds to a biological invasion phenomenon, for which nitrogen enrichment of the bay seems to be the only plausible explanation. 相似文献
63.
Aitor Aizpuru Luc Malhautier Jean-Claude Roux Jean-Louis Fanlo 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1662-1670
ABSTRACT Air biofiltration is now under active consideration for the removal of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from polluted airstreams. To optimize this emerging environmental technology and to understand compound removal mechanisms, a biofilter packed with peat was developed to treat a complex mixture of VOCs: oxygenated, aromatic, and chlorinated compounds. The removal efficiency of this process was high. The maximum elimination capacity (ECmax) obtained was ~120 g VOCs/m3 peat/hr. Referring to each of the mixture's components, the ECmax showed the limits in terms of biodegradability of VOCs, especially for the halogenated compounds and xylene. A stratification of biodegradation was observed in the reactor. The oxygenated compounds were metabolized before the aromatic and halogenated ones. Two assumptions are suggested. There was a competition between bacterial communities. Different communities colonized the peat-based biofilter, one specialized for the elimination of oxygenated compounds, the others more specialized for elimination of aromatic and halogenated compounds. There was also substrate competition. Bacterial communities were the same over the height of the column, but the more easily biodegradable compounds were used first for the microorganism metabolism when they were present in the gaseous effluent. 相似文献
64.
The mobilization of chromium and nickel from an industrial soil was investigated using two biodegradable chelants (citric acid and histidine), compared with a persistent one (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). Successive metal mobilizations were carried out in batch experiments. The main reactions involved were estimated by modeling the system with MINEQL+. For a single mobilization, citric acid was the most effective for Cr mobilization and EDTA for Ni. Their effectiveness could be explained by their ability to solubilize the mineral matrix and by the competition for the surfaces sites to desorb Cr(VI). Before and after the mobilizations, the distribution of metals was determined by a sequential extraction procedure. Only slight modifications were observed due to the low percentage of solubilized metal. A concentration of 0.05 mol L(-1) (citric acid and EDTA) allows a good compromise between metal mobilization and preservation of the soil mineral integrity. 相似文献
65.
Nogaro G Mermillod-Blondin F Montuelle B Boisson JC Lafont M Volat B Gibert J 《Chemosphere》2007,70(2):315-328
The purpose of this study was to quantify the influences of tubificid worms on the biogeochemical functioning of an infiltration system impacted by a stormwater sediment deposit. Effects of worms with stormwater sediment deposit were compared with effects of worms with two other natural sediment deposits (one low and one rich-particulate organic matter deposits). We measured the effects of invertebrates on sediment reworking, organic matter processing, solute fluxes, microbial characteristics, and pollutant release from stormwater deposit to water. Our results showed that tubificid worms had slight effects on microbial activities in presence of the stormwater deposit whereas they significantly stimulated microbial activities in columns impacted by the other two deposits. High contents of labile organic matter contained in stormwater sediments probably led to very strong microbial activities that could not be easily stimulated by worm activities. In our experimental conditions, no significant influence of tubificid worms on the fate of pollutants (heavy metals and PAHs) contained in the stormwater deposit was measured. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the organic matter characteristics of the stormwater sediments limited the efficiency of tubificid worms to stimulate organic matter mineralization in infiltration systems. 相似文献
66.
Durou C Poirier L Amiard JC Budzinski H Gnassia-Barelli M Lemenach K Peluhet L Mouneyrac C Roméo M Amiard-Triquet C 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,148(2):445-458
Relationships between biochemical and physiological biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase [AChE], catalase, and glutathione S-transferase [GST] activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glycogen, lipids and proteins) and accumulated concentrations of contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals) were examined in the keystone species Nereis diversicolor. The chemical analyses of worms and sediments allowed the designation of the Seine estuary and the Authie estuary as a polluted and relatively clean site respectively. Worms from the Seine estuary exhibited higher GST and lower AChE activities. Generally, larger worms had higher concentrations of energy reserves. Principal component analyses clearly highlighted intersite differences: in the first plan, GST activities and chemical concentrations were inversely related to concentrations of energy reserves; in the second one, PCB concentrations and AChE activity were inversely related. Depleted levels of energy reserves could be a consequence of combating toxicants and might predict effects at higher levels of biological organization. The use of GST and AChE activities and energy reserve concentrations as biomarkers is validated in the field in this keystone species. 相似文献
67.
Sclerocrangon boreas is uncommon among marine coastal carideans in having a non-dispersing, abbreviated (2-stage) larval phase. We investigated
the implications of this strategy in terms of fecundity, offspring provisioning and brood care in S. boreas from the St. Lawrence Gulf and Estuary in 2009–2010. Fecundity scaled positively to female body size but was low due to the
production of large, lipid-rich eggs. Offspring size at all stages of development was positively related to female size. Larval
traits and lipid dynamics indicate obligatory lecithotrophic development from hatching to juvenile. The larva becomes a juvenile
on the mother and remains associated with her for sometime after. The co-occurrence of early egg stages among many juveniles
in some clutches raises the possibility that maternal care of juveniles includes the provisioning of trophic eggs or eggs
reclaimed from other females. 相似文献
68.
69.
70.
Borioteiioidea are an enigmatic group of Cretaceous lizards widely distributed in northern continents (Laurasia). Here, we describe the first borioteiioid lizard from Gondwana, represented by a new species of the polyglyphanodontine genus Bicuspidon, B. hogreli sp. nov., from the Cenomanian Kem Kem beds of Morocco. The discovery of Bicuspidon hogreli sp. nov., which is one of the oldest known member of Polyglyphanodontini, challenges previous assumptions on the center of origin and dispersal of the group. In addition, the known distribution of Bicuspidon (Cenomanian of Utah and Morocco, and Santonian–Maastrichtian of eastern Europe) suggests a complex palaeobiogeographical history for the genus. The existence of a terrestrial dispersal route persisting during the whole Early Cretaceous between North America and Africa is hypothesized to explain some similarities observed between the Cenomanian squamate assemblages of these two continents. Alternatively, dispersal between the two landmasses may have occurred by transatlantic rafting. During the Cenomanian–Santonian interval, Bicuspidon colonized the European archipelago probably from North Africa, like many “Eurogondwanan” taxa. 相似文献