全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1236篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 47篇 |
废物处理 | 55篇 |
环保管理 | 186篇 |
综合类 | 228篇 |
基础理论 | 248篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 311篇 |
评价与监测 | 106篇 |
社会与环境 | 76篇 |
灾害及防治 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 25篇 |
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 29篇 |
2016年 | 33篇 |
2015年 | 31篇 |
2014年 | 42篇 |
2013年 | 59篇 |
2012年 | 62篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 49篇 |
2009年 | 69篇 |
2008年 | 59篇 |
2007年 | 77篇 |
2006年 | 52篇 |
2005年 | 52篇 |
2004年 | 53篇 |
2003年 | 40篇 |
2002年 | 44篇 |
2001年 | 32篇 |
2000年 | 19篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 22篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1264条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
Gudrun Koppen Elly Den Hond Vera Nelen Els Van De Mieroop Liesbeth Bruckers Maaike Bilau Hans Keune Nicolas Van Larebeke Adrian Covaci Hendrik Van De Weghe Carmen Schroijen Kristine Desager Michel Stalpaert Willy Baeyens Greet Schoeters 《Environment international》2009,35(7):1015-1022
To collect regional information on internal levels of pollutants in humans in Flanders, 1196 mother–child pairs were systematically recruited in 2002–2003 via 25 maternities across Flanders. Cd, Pb, PCB congeners 118, 170, 138, 153 and 180, p,p′-DDE — a key metabolite of DDT- and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were measured in cord blood or plasma. Cd was detected in 64% of the samples (geometric mean 0.21 µg/L cord blood). p,p′-DDE (110 ng/g plasma lipids) and Pb (14.7 µg/L blood), were measurable in nearly all samples. The individual PCB congeners could be detected in 40 to 81% of the newborns (138 + 153 + 180 = 64.4 ng/g plasma lipids). HCB (18.9 ng/g plasma lipids) and dioxin-like compounds measured by DR-CALUX® (23 pg CALUX-TEQ/g lipids) were above detection limit in more than 75% of the samples. Age and smoking habits of the mothers, did not influence the cord blood Pb and Cd levels. The organochlorines increased 4 to 9% per year of the mother's age (partial R2 = 0.05 to 0.22). Mothers had 2.6% less PCBs in cord blood (partial R2 = 0.02) for each unit increase in pre-pregnancy BMI. Season of delivery, breastfeeding previous children or consumption of local dairy products, were minor determinants. Up to 20% of the variability in organochlorine concentrations was explained by residence area. It was concluded that the place of birth in Flanders is an important determinant of the load of pollutants measured at the start of life. This underlines the validity of human biomonitoring on (relatively) small geographical scale. 相似文献
32.
The transfer of radiocaesium, one of the most important and widespread contaminants following a nuclear accident, to the fibre crops hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) as well as the distribution of radiocaesium during crop conversion were studied for sandy soil under greenhouse and lysimeters conditions. Soil parameters did not unequivoqually explain the transfer factors (TF) observed. TFs to flax stems ranged from 1.34 to 2.80x10(-3) m2 kg(-1). TFs to seeds are about a factor of 4 lower. During the retting process for separating the fibres from the straw, more than 95% of the activity was removed with the retting water. For hemp, the TF to the stem was about 0.6x10(-3) m2 kg(-1). For hemp, straw and fibres were mechanically separated and TF to straw was about 0.5x10(-3) m2 kg(-1) and to fibres 1.0x10(-3) m2 kg(-1). Generally, the TFs to the useable plant parts both for hemp and flax, are low enough to allow for the production of clean end-products (fibre, seed oil, biofuel) even on heavily contaminated land. Given the considerable decontamination during retting, contamination levels in flax fibres would only exceed the exemption limits for fibre use after production in extreme contamination scenarios (>12,300kBq m(-2)). Since hemp fibres are mechanically separated, use of hemp fibres is more restricted (contamination <740kBq m(-2)). Use of stems as biofuel is restricted to areas with contamination levels of <250 and 1050kBq m(-2) for flax and hemp, respectively. Use of seeds for edible oil production and flour is possible almost without restriction for flax but due to the high TFs to seed observed for hemp (up to 3x10(-3) m2 kg(-1)) consumption of hemp seed products should be considered with care. 相似文献
33.
Organohalogenated pollutants in human serum from Iassy, Romania and their relation with age and gender 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Dirtu AC Cernat R Dragan D Mocanu R Van Grieken R Neels H Covaci A 《Environment international》2006,32(6):797-803
Human serum samples (n=142) from Iassy county (Eastern Romania) collected in 2005 were analyzed for p,p'-DDT and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, chlordane and metabolites and 14 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners. In all samples, p,p'-DDE (principal metabolite of p,p'-DDT) and beta-HCH (most persistent HCH isomer) were the most abundant organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with median concentrations of 1975 and 923 ng/g lipid weight (lw), respectively. Hexachlorobenzene and p,p'-DDT were also detected in all samples, but at a lower median concentration of 30 and 340 ng/g lw, respectively. The large variation of the ratio p,p'-DDT/p,p'-DDE (range between 0.02 and 0.80) suggests various degrees of exposure to DDT, including recent exposure, at least to some subgroups of the population. Chlordane and its metabolites were in most cases close to the limit of quantification suggesting a very low use of chlordane formulations in Eastern Romania. Unexpectedly, PCBs were present in all samples at sometimes considerable levels (up to 4970 ng/g lw for sum of 14 PCB congeners) indicating a higher exposure of the Romanian population than previously reported. The PCB profile consisted of persistent congeners such as 138, 153, 170 and 180 which contributed for approximately 75% to the sum PCBs. Concentrations of most pollutants correlated significantly with age (r>0.86, p<0.01). Except for p,p'-DDT and gamma-HCH, the mean levels of OCPs in females were statistically higher than in males, while, except for octa-CBs, no gender differences were found for PCBs. Levels of p,p'-DDE, penta-CBs, hexa-CBs and hepta-CBs were significantly higher in individuals with a rural main residence. In a pooled serum sample, 6 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners were measured at a level of 1.04 ng/g lw. Compared to results available from Central and Eastern European countries, human serum samples from Romania contained higher levels of contamination. This emphasizes that an extensive and rigorous program for the monitoring of OCPs and PCBs in Romanian population is highly needed in the light of possible adverse health effects acknowledged for these pollutants. 相似文献
34.
Brominated flame retardants and organochlorines in the European environment using great tit eggs as a biomonitoring tool 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Van den Steen E Pinxten R Jaspers VL Covaci A Barba E Carere C Cichoń M Dubiec A Eeva T Heeb P Kempenaers B Lifjeld JT Lubjuhn T Mänd R Massa B Nilsson JA Norte AC Orell M Podzemny P Sanz JJ Senar JC Soler JJ Sorace A Török J Visser ME Winkel W Eens M 《Environment international》2009,35(2):310-317
Large-scale studies are essential to assess the emission patterns and spatial distribution of organohalogenated pollutants (OHPs) in the environment. Bird eggs have several advantages compared to other environmental media which have previously been used to map the distribution of OHPs. In this study, large-scale geographical variation in the occurrence of OHPs, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), was investigated throughout Europe using eggs of a terrestrial residential passerine species, the great tit (Parus major). Great tit eggs from 22 sampling sites, involving urban, rural and remote areas, in 14 European countries were collected and analysed (5-8 eggs per sampling site). The environmentally most important congeners/compounds of the analysed pollutants were detectable in all sampling locations. For PCBs, PBDEs and OCPs, no clear geographical contamination pattern was found. Sum PCB levels ranged from 143 ng/g lipid weight (lw) to 3660 ng/g lw. As expected, PCB concentrations were significantly higher in the sampled urban compared to the remote locations. However, the urban locations did not show significantly higher concentrations compared to the rural locations. Sum PBDEs ranged from 4.0 ng/g lw to 136 ng/g lw. PBDEs were significantly higher in the urbanized sampling locations compared to the other locations. The significant, positive correlation between PCB and PBDE concentrations suggests similar spatial exposure and/or mechanisms of accumulation. Significantly higher levels of OCPs (sum OCPs ranging from 191 ng/g lw to 7830 ng/g lw) were detected in rural sampling locations. Contamination profiles of PCBs, PBDEs and OCPs differed also among the sampling locations, which may be due to local usage and contamination sources. The higher variance among sampling locations for the PCBs and OCPs, suggests that local contamination sources are more important for the PCBs and OCPs compared to the PBDEs. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which bird eggs were used as a monitoring tool for OHPs on such a large geographical scale. 相似文献
35.
B. Sikkema-Raddatz R. H. Sijmons M. B. Tan-Sindhunata A. Y. Van Der Veen R. Brunsting B. De Vries J. R. Beekhuis D. J. Bekedam B. Van Aken B. De Jong 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(5):467-473
We report two cases of apparently balanced complex de novo chromosomal rearrangements (BCCR) detected prenatally at 17 weeks and 10 weeks of gestation, respectively. Chromosomes were studied using GTG-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). In one case four chromosomes and in the other case three chromosomes were involved in the rearrangements. One of the pregnancies was terminated and no external or internal abnormalities were detected at autopsy. The other pregnancy continued to term. Level III ultrasound examination showed no abnormalities. The child is now 3 years old and has neither congenital anomalies nor evidence of delayed psychomotor development. 相似文献
36.
Van Thinh Nguyen Chung Nguyen Thuy Luong Ly Thi Mai Chinh Pham Minh Anh Phan Phuong Huy Nguyen The Thuy Dang Thi Thai Phong K. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42055-42066
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Industrial sludges from wastewater treatment plants of industrial parks and a drinking water treatment plant in northern Vietnam were investigated in... 相似文献
37.
Nguyen Quoc Hung Tran Anh T. K. Hoang Nhung T. T. Tran Yen T. H. Nguyen Phu X. Pham Thi Thuy Nguyen Manh Khai Van der Bruggen Bart 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42074-42089
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Single-use plastic waste is gradually considered a potential material for circular economy. Ion exchange resin obtained from polystyrene waste by... 相似文献
38.
É. Joó H. Van Langenhove M. Šimpraga K. Steppe C. Amelynck N. Schoon J.-F. Müller J. Dewulf 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(2):227-234
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been the focus of interest to understand atmospheric processes and their consequences in formation of ozone or aerosol particles; therefore, VOCs contribute to climate change. In this study, biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) emitted from Fagus sylvatica L. trees were measured in a dynamic enclosure system. In total 18 compounds were identified: 11 monoterpenes (MT), an oxygenated MT, a homoterpene (C14H18), 3 sesquiterpenes (SQT), isoprene and methyl salicylate. The frequency distribution of the compounds was tested to determine a relation with the presence of the aphid Phyllaphis fagi L. It was found that linalool, (E)-β-ocimene, α-farnesene and a homoterpene identified as (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT), were present in significantly more samples when infection was present on the trees. The observed emission spectrum from F. sylvatica L. shifted from MT to linalool, α-farnesene, (E)-β-ocimene and DMNT due to the aphid infection. Sabinene was quantitatively the most prevalent compound in both, non-infected and infected samples. In the presence of aphids α-farnesene and linalool became the second and third most important BVOC emitted. According to our investigation, the emission fingerprint is expected to be more complex than commonly presumed. 相似文献
39.
Meischen SJ Van Pelt VJ Zarate EA Stephens EA 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2004,54(1):60-67
Gaseous elemental and total (elemental + oxidized) mercury (Hg) in the flue gas from a coal-fired boiler was measured by a modified ultraviolet (UV) spectrometer. Challenges to Hg measurement were the spectral interferences from other flue gas components and that UV measures only elemental Hg. To eliminate interference from flue gas components, a cartridge filled with gold-coated sand removed elemental Hg from a flue gas sample. The Hg-free flue gas was the reference gas, eliminating the spectral interferences. To measure total Hg by UV, oxidized Hg underwent a gas-phase, thermal-reduction in a quartz cell heated to 750 degrees C. Simultaneously, hydrogen was added to flash react with the oxygen present forming water vapor and preventing Hg re-oxidation as it exits the cell. Hg concentration results are in parts per billion by volume Hg at the flue gas oxygen concentration. The modified Hg analyzer and the Ontario Hydro method concurrently measured Hg at a field test site. Measurements were made at a 700-MW steam turbine plant with scrubber units and selective catalytic reduction. The flue gas sampled downstream of the selective catalytic reduction contained 2100 ppm SO2 and 75 ppm NOx. Total Hg measured by the Hg analyzer was within 20% of the Ontario Hydro results. 相似文献
40.
Potential concerns related to using octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) in rendering soils and porous ceramics hydrophobic 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The treatment of hydrophilic porous ceramics to render them hydrophobic and wetting to non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) is frequently needed in multiphase flow experiments to control the flow or to measure the pressure of the NAPL. In addition, research dealing with soil wettability implies a need for hydrophobic or NAPL-wet soils. The traditional procedure, which has been widely used in literature, to render hydrophilic porous ceramics and soils hydrophobic is achieved by placing the hydrophilic solid in a 5% (by volume) octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) solution in ethanol followed by rinsing in ethanol. This research assesses the use of this procedure as it was found that this treatment procedure resulted in excess OTS on the surface of treated hydrophobic solids which can dissolve in an organic phase and in turn alter the wettability condition of adjacent hydrophilic soils. A modified procedure, which results in hydrophobic solids free of excess OTS, is presented. 相似文献