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961.
Ming W. Song Ping Huang Feng Li Hui Zhang Kai Z. Xie Xi H. Wang Guo X. He 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,172(1-4):589-603
Water quality information of Beijiang River, a tributary of Pearl River in Guangdong, China, was analyzed to provide an overview of the hydrochemical functioning of a major agricultural/rural area and an industrial/urban area. Eighteen water quality parameters were surveyed at 13 sites from 2005 to 2006 on a monthly basis. A bivariate correlation analysis was carried out to evaluate the regional correlations of the water quality parameters, while the principal component analysis (PCA) technique was used to extract the most influential variables for regional variations of river water quality. Six principal components were extracted in PCA which explained more than 78% and 84% of the total variance for agricultural/rural and industrial/urban areas, respectively. Physicochemical factor, organic pollution, sewage pollution, geogenic factor, agricultural nonpoint source pollution, and accumulated pesticide usage were identified as potential pollution sources for agricultural/rural area, whereas industrial wastewaters pollution, mineral pollution, geogenic factor, urban sewage pollution, chemical industrial pollution, and water traffic pollution were the latent pollution sources for industrial/urban area. A multivariate linear regression of absolute principal component scores (MLR-APCS) technique was used to estimate contributions of all identified pollution sources to each water quality parameter. High coefficients of determination of the regression equations suggested that the MLR-APCS model was applicable for estimation of sources of most water quality parameters in the Beijiang River Basin. 相似文献
962.
963.
Wei Chen Mingming Jing Jianwei Bu Julia Ellis Burnet Shihua Qi Qi Song Yibing Ke Jinjie Miao Meng Liu Chen Yang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,177(1-4):1-21
Fourteen surface water and nine surface sediment samples were collected from the Peacock River and analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) by gas chromatograph?Celectron capture detector (GC-ECD). All the analyzed organochlorine pesticides, except o,p ??-DDT, were detected in sediments from the Peacock River; but in the water samples, only ??-HCH, HCB, p,p ??-DDD, and p,p ??-DDT were detected at some sites. The ranges for total OCPs in the water and sediments were from N.D. to 195 ng l???1 and from 1.36 to 24.60 ng g???1, respectively. The only existing HCH isomer in the water, ??-HCH, suggested that the contamination by HCHs could be attributed to erosion of the weathered agricultural soils containing HCHs compounds. Composition analyses showed that no technical HCH, technical DDT, technical chlordanes, endosulfans, and HCB had been recently used in this region. However, there was new input of ??-HCH (lindane) into the Peacock River. The most probable source was water flowing from Bosten Lake and/or agricultural tailing water that was returned directly into the Peacock River. DDT compounds in the sediments may be derived mainly from DDT-treated aged and weathered agricultural soils, the degradation condition was aerobic and the main product was DDE. HCB in the sediment might be due to the input from Bosten Lake and the lake may act as an atmospheric deposition zone. There was no significant correlation between the concentrations of OCPs (including ??HCH, ??DDT, chlordanes, endosulfans, HCB and total OCPs) and the content of fine particles (<63 ??m). The concentrations of OCPs were affected by salinity. 相似文献
964.
Xue Song Wang Guang Chao Zhu Shu Jun Wang Wen Ya Wan Ye Bin Tan 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,177(1-4):263-272
The concentrations and chemical partitioning of heavy metals (Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Pb) in the marine near-shore sediment cores were investigated. Typically, the mean concentrations from Core B sediment samples were 98.6, 21.1, 47.0, 46.4, 107.6, and 31.9 mg kg???1 for Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb, respectively. The heavy metal concentrations were normalized to commonly used reference elements Al, Li, Sc, and total organic carbon. Based on Pearson coefficients, Li was found to be a good normalizer for Co (r?= 0.974), Cr (r?= 0.967), Ni (r?= 0.898), and Zn (r?= 0.929) in 80 sediment samples from three sampling sites. However, the correlation coefficients between Li and Cu, and Li and Pb were relatively low. Multivariate statistic approaches (Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis) were adopted for data treatment, allowing the identification of two main factors controlling the heavy metal variability in the sediments. Heavy metals in the enrichment sections were evaluated by a sequential extraction method for possible chemical forms in sediments. The results showed that the residual, Fe/Mn oxides and Organic/sulfide fractions were dominant geochemical phases in the enriched sections, indicating low bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments. 相似文献
965.
Based on an analysis of two methods for the modification of the F&EI for the DOW Guide, it is found that the effects of safety measures are not classified. Moreover, the efficiency of the measures is magnified to various degrees, as the positive impact of the loss reduction measures are applied to the rate reduction of the intrinsic hazard in the evaluated unit. For this reason, a modification method using classified safety measures is proposed, in which safety measures are classified into process protection measures and loss reduction measures. The calculation of the modified F&EI involves the credit factors of process protection measures, whereas the determination of the maximum probable property damage incorporates the loss reduction measures. This method could provide more reasonable reference data for hazard units because of its more objective and reasonable evaluation results. 相似文献
966.
967.
968.
969.
运用经济地理学中测度区域经济差异的指标,对淮海经济区近10年的入境旅游规模差异进行分析.研究发现,淮海经济区入境旅游规模的绝对差异和相对差异基本上呈逐年上升趋势,区域旅游规模发展差异较大,早期首位分布不明显,但后期表现明显.为进一步探讨淮海经济区入境旅游规模差异的原因,该研究运用城市地理学中的位序—规模法则,通过回归分析对淮海经济区入境旅游规模体系进行研究.结果表明,淮海经济区入境旅游规模符合位序—规模分布,入境旅游规模开始逐渐呈首位型发展,入境旅游规模分散均衡程度低,部分城市存在高度垄断现象.此外,在最后指出了本研究的局限性、不足之处和今后的主要研究方向. 相似文献
970.
宋醒汉 《长江流域资源与环境》1994,3(3):243-247
湖北省具有发展森林资源的良好条件,但目前的森林覆盖率不高,林种结构不合理,森林生产力相当低。应在保护和经营好现有森林资源的基础上,以扩大森林面积和提高森林质量为中心,统筹规划,合理布局,增加投入,加速发展,科学经营,永续利用,不断提高其经济、社会、生态效益,造福于人民。 相似文献