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161.
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垃圾渗滤液是垃圾填埋过程中产生的一种有机浓度高、成分复杂的污水,对周边生态环境和人们身心健康影响极大。本文详细介绍了垃圾渗滤液的水质特征及国内外各类控制技术,并进行了对比分析,提出是源头控制重点,处理是保障的污染控制新思路。 相似文献
164.
An organo-montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron material(M-NZVI) was synthesized to degrade decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209). The results showed that nanoscale zero-valent iron had good dispersion on organo-montmorillonite and was present as a core-shell structure with a particle size range of nanoscale iron between 30–90 nm, characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XRF, ICP-AES, and XPS. The results of the degradation of BDE-209 by M-NZVI showed that the efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 was much higher than that of NZVI. The efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 decreased as the pH and the initial dissolved oxygen content of the reaction solution increased, but increased as the proportion of water in the reaction solution increased. 相似文献
165.
Catalytic bubble-free hydrogenation reduction of azo dye by porous membranes loaded with palladium (Pd) nanoparticles was studied for the first time. The effects of Pd loading, dye concentration and reuse repetitions of membranes were investigated. In reduction, the dye concentration decreased whereas the pH rose gradually. An optimal Pd loading was found. The catalytic membranes were able to be reused more than 3 times. 相似文献
166.
The brominated products, formed in chlorination treatment of benzophenone-4 in the presence of bromide ions, were identified, and the formation pathways were proposed.Under disinfection conditions, benzophenone-4 would undertake electrophilic substitution generating mono- or di-halogenated products, which would be oxidized to esters and further hydrolyzed to phenol derivatives. The generated catechol intermediate would be transformed into furan-like heterocyclic product. The product species were p H-dependent,while benzophenone-4 elimination was chlorine dose-dependent. When the chlorination treatment was performed on ambient water spiked with benzophenone-4 and bromide ions, most of brominated byproducts could be detected, and the acute toxicity significantly increased as well. 相似文献
167.
Carbonyl emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicle exhaust in China and the contribution to ozone formation potential 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Fifteen heavy-duty diesel vehicles were tested on chassis dynamometer by using typical heavy duty driving cycle and fuel economy cycle. The air from the exhaust was sampled by 2,4- dinitrophenyhydrazine cartridge and 23 carbonyl compounds were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The average emission factor of carbonyls was 97.2 mg/km, higher than that of light-duty diesel vehicles and gasoline-powered vehicles. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone and propionaidehyde were the species with the highest emission factors. Main influencing factors for carbonyl emissions were vehicle type, average speed and regulated emission standard, and the impact of vehicle loading was not evident in this study. National emission of carbonyls from diesel vehicles exhaust was calculated for China, 2011, based on both vehicle miles traveled and fuel consumption. Carbonyl emission of diesel vehicle was estimated to be 45.8 Gg, and was comparable to gasolinepowered vehicles (58.4 Gg). The emissions of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 12.6, 6.9, 3.8 Gg, respectively. The ozone formation potential of carbonyls from diesel vehicles exhaust was 537 mg O3/km, higher than 497 mg O3/km of none-methane hydrocarbons emitted from diesel vehicles. 相似文献
168.
根据对环钦州湾区域的入海河流、直排海污染源及养殖废水无机氮入海通量的估算,2011年钦州湾无机氮入海通量约为7 655 t,其中入海河流无机氮入海通量占总量的96.4%,直排海污染源次之。入海无机氮占钦州湾无机氮总量的比重为36.7%,说明钦州湾已属中等强度人为影响海域。根据对钦州湾富营养化症状——叶绿素a含量的分析,钦州湾富营养化症状不明显,钦州湾整体的富营养化程度较低。因而仅以营养盐含量评价目标海域的富营养化程度,易失之偏颇,宜结合富营养化症状来判断目标海域的富营养化程度。 相似文献
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170.
陕西老厂铅锌矿床是一个与海相火山岩有关的块状硫化物矿床。老厂铅锌矿床石英流体包裹体的均一温度为93.3~396.5℃,平均值为235.9℃;盐度为0.4~22.5wt%NaCl,平均值为9.9wt%NaCl。原生流体包裹体均一温度测定结果表明其具有近似正态分布的特点;石英流体包裹体的盐度表明,其不成正态分布,且盐度较低。老厂矿床δDV-SMOW‰和δ18 OH2O‰的组成关系反映了其成矿流体为混合热液来源。 相似文献