Restructured frame‐of‐reference training improves rating accuracy

The use of heuristic judgments is prevalent in organizations and negatively impacts accurate employee assessments. To minimize the negative impact of heuristic judgments (i.e., anchoring and adjustment), we aim to improve rating accuracy by restructuring frame‐of‐reference (FOR) training. We conducted five studies (N = 1,143) using different samples (three including participants with hiring experience), training environments (onsite and online), and rating contexts (evaluations of sales representatives, teachers, contract negotiation specialists, and retail store managers). Across the five studies, the average improvement in rating accuracy was at least twice as large for restructured FOR (vs. control) training as it was for typical FOR (vs. control) training; the difference in rating accuracy between restructured and typical FOR training was statistically significant. Furthermore, minimizing the anchoring effect rather than increasing opportunities for rating adjustments improved rating accuracy (Study 4). Finally, restructured FOR training achieved higher criterion validity (i.e., a higher strength of the association between ratings regarding a target and the target's objective performance) than did typical FOR training (Studies 3 and 5). We discuss implications for improving the effectiveness of diverse training programs and the accuracy of judgments in organizations.     

近平滑假丝酵母NAD(H)依赖型次级醇脱氢酶的分离纯化及酶学性质

从近平滑假丝酵母(Candida parapsilosis CCTCC 203011)中分离得到了NAD(H)依赖型的次级醇脱氢酶.粗酶经乙醇沉淀、Blue Sepharose Fast Flow亲和层析、DEAE Sepharose离子交换层析后在SDS-PAGE上显示为单一条带,其酶蛋白的亚基分子量(Mr)为37.5×103.该酶还原反应的最适pH为6.0,最适温度为45℃,是一个含Zn2 金属酶.该脱氢酶具有较高的底物的选择性,对2-酮具有较高的还原活力;同时,也能作用于醇类发生氧化反应,对次级醇的氧化活力最高.以β-羟基苯乙酮为底物,用纯化得到的酶催化反应后,还原产物为(R)-苯基乙二醇,因此该酶为(R)-专一性次级醇脱氢酶,是一种生产(R)-苯基乙二醇的有效的生物催化剂.经LC-MASS-MASS分析得到了酶蛋白中3个肽段的氨基酸序列,通过比对发现该酶与NCBI编号为BAA24528的次级醇脱氢酶具有较高的同源性.图4表3参17     

城市垃圾焚烧炉内残渣性质及结渣形成

以城市垃圾焚烧后的残渣为研究对象 ,着重地介绍城市垃圾焚烧炉中灰渣的形成、结构、组成等基本性质 ,同时借鉴燃煤技术初步探讨了城市垃圾焚烧过程中结渣的形成。对垃圾焚烧炉的正常运行提供科学的保证 ,对残渣的管理及综合利用有一定的意义     

湘南第四纪红壤吸附SO_4~(2-)的机理研究

本文研究了湖南第四纪红粘土及其发育的旱地和水田表层土壤对SO_4~2的吸附.结果表明这三种土壤吸附SO_4~2的顺序为;红粘土>旱地红壤>红壤性水稻土.而且随介质pH的升高,SO_4~2吸附量减少,吸附机理也发生改变:当介质pH6.5以后,解吸占优势.     

湘南红壤对NO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)的吸附机理研究

本文研究了湘南第四纪红粘土发育的红壤对NO_3和SO_4~(2-)的吸附等温线。结果表明红壤对NO_3~-的吸附在浓度低时为负吸附,浓度高时为正吸附,吸附机理为非专性吸附,红壤对SO_4~(2-)的吸附等温式以Freundlich方程最好,在达到最大吸量(X_m)之前,SO_4~(2-)以置换羟基(—OH)的配位吸附为主;而在达到最大吸附量以后,以非专性物理吸附为主。     

边境贸易发展的环境影响预测及其调控研究——以满洲里市为例

边镜贸易作为我国作为开放的重要组成部分，进展显著。本文在概述我国边境贸易发展所产生的环境问题的基础上，以我国最大的陆边口岸－－满州里市为例，运用灰色预测，动态规划等方法探讨边境贸易与环境保护协调发展的途径。     

Scenarios of major terrestrial ecosystems in China

The spatial pattern and mean-center shift of major terrestrial ecosystems, termed Holdridge Life Zones (HLZ), during the periods from 1961 to 1990 (T1), from 2010 to 2039 (T2), from 2040 to 2069 (T3) and from 2070 to 2099 (T4) were analyzed by combining the zonal patterns of climatic change in China and the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3. The results showed that nival area would decrease rapidly with temperature increase in the future. HadCM2 and HadCM3 predicted that the nival areas might disappear in 552 years and 204 years, respectively. Using both HadCM2 and HadCM3, the five HLZ types with the largest areal extent are nival zone, cool temperate moist forest, warm temperate moist forest, subtropical moist forest and boreal wet forest, which collectively account for more than 50% of China's land mass. Among these five HLZ types, nival zone, warm temperate moist forest and boreal wet forest would decrease continuously, whereas subtropical moist forest and cool temperate forest would increase continuously during the four periods. HLZ diversity and patch connectivity would increase continuously in the 21st century. The shift distances of mean centers of HLZ types simulated using HadCM3 were markedly greater than those simulated using HadCM2, in general. The results from both HadCM2 and HadCM3 showed that boreal wet forest, subtropical moist forest, tropical dry forest, warm temperate moist forest and subtropical wet forest had bigger shift ranges, indicating that these HLZ types are more sensitive to the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3.     

低污染、高效转式垃圾焚烧技术

通过在本课题组自行设计的中空水冷转式垃圾焚烧炉上的实验研究，论文从工艺流程和NOx生成特性方面探讨了该新型焚烧炉的稳定燃烧和低污染排放技术特点；并与固定床焚烧炉作了实验研究比较，可知中空水冷转式垃圾焚烧炉在降低NOx浓度与提高燃尽率方面具有良好的性能。     

城市垃圾焚烧主要工艺段捕集灰中二噁英的分布特征

采用同位素稀释法、高分辨气相色谱/质谱检测垃圾焚烧主要工艺段捕集灰中的二英.垃圾焚烧炉预热器、过热器和布袋除尘器捕集灰中二英(PCDD/Fs)的浓度分别为1025ng·g-1,1249ng·g-1和4670ng·g-1,毒性当量(ITEQ)为0073ng·g-1,0026ng·g-1和811ng·g-1.同时,分析了不同氯原子数取代的二英同系物在预热器、过热器、布袋除尘器捕集灰中的变化和对ITEQ值的贡献.     

我院会计档案管理电算化的思考

会计档案管理电算化是重要的会计基础工作,需要我院各部门相互协调、共同完成、规范管理、科学使用并及时维护计算机管理系统.做好会计档案管理电算化工作,有机地将会计核算、系统安全有效长期运行结合起来,充分发挥电算化会计档案快捷、方便的特点,才能确保我院内部信息资源的共享,使财会人员真正摆脱繁琐、单调、机械的手工操作,达到会计工作电算化、效率化、制度化、规范化.