雾霾环境天气下对户外体育运动人群影响研究

构建雾霾环境天气下户外体育运动生理健康指标参数,以最大摄氧量(VO2)、最大通气量(VEmax)、氧脉搏O2P、心率(HR)等参量为约束指标,构建户外体育运动人群身体健康指标的约束体系,采用心电图的负荷试验和代谢分析实验方法测试雾霾环境天气下对户外体育运动人群健康影响,根据受测运动员的气体代谢和心肺功能指标进行雾霾环境天气下运动人群的心肺机能特征分析。雾霾环境天气下,应当减少户外运动,在空气质量好的环境下进行一定的有氧运动,避免吸入污染空气,导致肺部疾病。     

使用热处理污泥吸附剂去除废水中重金属铜的研究

基于重金属铜的高度危害性和污泥的高效重复利用的考虑,研究了在污泥吸附剂上去除合成废水中重金属铜的实例。将污泥干燥,研磨并在各种温度下进行热处理,使用SEM和FTIR技术分析了污泥的表面形貌和化学结构。实验所研究的参数是铜离子的初始浓度、反应时间、污泥用量以及污泥的热处理温度。实验数据显示随着污泥用量的增加,Cu+2的去除率增加,并根据使用的浓度范围,研究了Cu+2的初始浓度对重金属铜去除率的影响。对实验数据使用不同等温线进行模拟,获得线性拟合性能较好的等温模型。     

低碳经济发展中物流绿色发展趋势研究

文中主要对低碳经济发展中物流绿色发展趋势进行了研究,介绍了对低碳经济发展物流绿色发展评价,探讨了低碳经济发展中的不同问卷的调查结果,对物流绿色发展的认知、态度和行动进行了论述,在论述过程中,主要包括对低碳经济发展中的物流认知、对低碳经济发展中的物流态度、对低碳经济发展中的物流行动和对发展低碳经济物流的认知、态度与行动的比较,最后给出了低碳经济发展中物流绿色发展趋势,对低碳经济发展中物流绿色发展给出了研究基础。     

阳极溶出伏安法、石墨炉原子吸收法测定海水中总铬的方法比较研究

铬是海洋水体中的痕量重金属之一,海水的高盐基体对铬的测定有严重的干扰,而且海水中同时存在Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ),两种不同价态给测定也带来了一定难度。文章从Cr(Ⅲ)的氧化率、方法检出限、精密度、实际样品加标等方面对过氧化氢氧化-阳极溶出伏安法与传统的MIBK萃取-无火焰原子吸收分光光度法进行了比较研究,发现两种方法在测试结果上无显著差异,但是过氧化氢氧化-阳极溶出伏安法具有更高的精密度,更低的检出限,且对Cr(Ⅲ)的回收率略有提升。     

Analysing the sensitivity behaviour of two hydrology models

Recently, the New Morris Method has been presented as an effective sensitivity analysis tool for mathematical models. The New Morris Method estimates the sensitivity of an output parameter to a given set of input parameters (first-order effects) and the extent these parameters interact with each other (second-order effects). This method requires the specification of two parameters (runs and resolution) that control the sampling of the output parameter to determine its sensitivity to various inputs. The criteria for these parameters have been set on the analysis of a well-behaved analytical function (see Cropp and Braddock, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 78:77–83, 2002), which may not be applicable to other physical models that describe complex processes. This paper will investigate the appropriateness of the criteria from (Cropp and Braddock, 2002) and hence the effectiveness of the New Morris Method to determine the sensitivity behaviour of two hydrologic models: the Soil Erosion and Deposition System and Griffith University Representation of Urban Hydrology. In the first case, this paper will separately analyse the sensitivity of an output parameter on a set of input parameters (first- and second-order effects) for each model and discuss the physical meaning of these sensitivities. This will be followed by an investigation into the sampling criteria by exploring the convergence of the sensitivity behaviour for each model as the sampling of the parameter space is increased. By comparing these trends to the convergence behaviour from Cropp and Braddock (2002), we will determine how well the New Morris Method estimates the sensitivity for each model and whether the sampling criteria are appropriate for these models. It will be shown that the New Morris Method can provide additional insight into the functioning of these models, and that, under a different metric, the sensitivity behaviour of these models does converge confirming the sampling criteria set by Cropp and Braddock.     

青铜峡铝厂氟污染对广武乡玉米影响的调查分析

监测了青铜峡铝厂东南方向４．５ｋｍ的广武乡玉米叶，得知含氟量为４３．９４－１６６．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对照样品树新林场玉米叶的含氟均值为１３．１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，广武乡的玉米受到了严重的氟污染，农作物减产严重。     

连续采样与五日法采样效果及费用的对比分析

通过对连续采样与五日法采样五种方法监测结果及所需费用的比较，得出连续采样方法监测结果更具有代表性，合理性，一次性投资大，但运行费用并不高的结论。     

The organic composition of diesel particulate matter, diesel fuel and engine oil of a non-road diesel generator

Diesel-powered equipment is known to emit significant quantities of fine particulate matter to the atmosphere. Numerous organic compounds can be adsorbed onto the surfaces of these inhalable particles, among which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered potential occupational carcinogens. Guidelines have been established by various agencies regarding diesel emissions and various control technologies are under development. The purpose of this study is to identify, quantify and compare the organic compounds in diesel particulate matter (DPM) with the diesel fuel and engine oil used in a non-road diesel generator. Approximately 90 organic compounds were quantified (with molecular weight ranging from 120 to 350), which include alkanes, PAHs, alkylated PAHs, alkylbenzenes and alkanoic acids. The low sulfur diesel fuel contains 61% alkanes and 7.1% of PAHs. The identifiable portion of the engine oil contains mainly the alkanoic and benzoic acids. The composition of DPM suggests that they may be originated from unburned diesel fuel, engine oil evaporation and combustion generated products. Compared with diesel fuel, DPM contains fewer fractions of alkanes and more PAH compounds, with the shift toward higher molecular weight ones. The enrichment of compounds with higher molecular weight in DPM may be combustion related (pyrogenic).     

Environmental quality control and environmental games

Conclusion  In this paper we have considered a specific environmental game emphasizing both control-prevention efforts and the propensity to pollute by a firm which adopts a given pollution abatement technology. A random payoff game was constructed and solved under a risk neutral assumption and quadratic utilities for both the firm and the environmental controller. The game thus defined, provides a wide range of interpretations and potential approaches for selecting a control-inspection policies to prevent environmental risks. There are of course many facets to this problem, which could be considered and have not been considered in sufficient depth. For example, more complex control mechanisms and liabilities, the effects of insurance and risk sharing, the application of cooperative efforts and subvention of pollution abatement investments (through tax incentives and their like), etc. have not been considered [5,7]. These are topics for further research. The basic presumption of this paper is that it is very difficult to fully enforce pollution prevention by firms, as a result, some controls are needed to ensure that firms be controlled so that appropriate efforts are carried.     

Response of the Ascorbate-Peroxidase of Selenastrum capricornutum to Copper and Lead in Stormwaters

The green alga Selenastrum capricornutum expresses a uniqueascorbate peroxidase, that responds to copper and lead. Attemptswere made to test if this peroxidase could be used to monitor thelevels of copper and lead in natural waters. When S.capricornutum was exposed to a stormwater sample, the specificactivity of the peroxidase in the cell extract was commensuratewith the combined copper and lead contents in the sample. Theperoxidase responses were also correlated with the 96 hr biomasstoxicity assay of S. capricornutum. However, unlike thebiomass toxicity assay, the peroxidase activity was not affectedby the anions in the samples. The use of this peroxidase can beused as a marker for testing heavy metal toxicity in the water.