Present status of recycling waste mobile phones in China: a review

A large number of waste mobile phones have already been generated and are being generated. Various countries around the world have all been positively exploring the way of recycling and reuse when facing such a large amount of waste mobile phones. In some countries, processing waste mobile phones has been forming a complete industrial chain, which can not only recycle waste mobile phones to reduce their negative influence on the environment but also turn waste into treasure to acquire economic benefits dramatically. However, the situation of recycling waste mobile phones in China is not going well. Waste mobile phones are not formally covered by existing regulations and policies for the waste electric and electronic equipment in China. In order to explore an appropriate system to recover waste mobile phones, the mobile phone production and the amount of waste mobile phones are introduced in this paper, and status of waste mobile phones recycling is described; then, the disposal technology of electronic waste that would be most likely to be used for processing of electronic waste in industrial applications in the near future is reviewed. Finally, rationalization proposals are put forward based on the current recovery status of waste mobile phones for the purpose of promoting the development of recycling waste mobile phones in developing countries with a special emphasis on China.     

Determination of the residue dynamics and dietary risk of thiamethoxam and its metabolite clothianidin in citrus and soil by LC-MS/MS

A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) method was developed for the determination of thiamethoxam and its metabolite clothianidin in citrus (including the whole citrus, peel and pulp) and soil samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The sample was extracted with acetonitrile and purified with octadecylsilane. The detection limits of both compounds were 0.0001–0.0002?mg kg^–1, while the limit of quantification of thiamethoxam was 0.002?mg kg^–1 and the limit of quantitation of metabolites was 0.001?mg kg^–1. The recovery was 70.37%–109.76%, with inter-day relative standard deviations (RSD) (n?=?15) values ≤9.46% for the two compounds in the four matrices. The degradation curve of thiamethoxam in whole citrus and soil was plotted using the first-order kinetic model. The half-life of the whole citrus was 1.9–6.2?days, and the half-life of the soil was 3.9–4.2?days. The terminal residue of thiamethoxam (the sum of thiamethoxam and clothianidin, expressed as thiamethoxam) was found to be concentrated on the peel. The final residual amount of thiamethoxam in the edible portion (pulp) was less than 0.061?mg kg^–1. The risk quotient values were all below 1, indicating that thiamethoxam as a citrus insecticide does not pose a health risk to humans at the recommended dosage.     

中位粒径对线管式静电除尘器内PM2.5除尘性能影响的数值模拟

以线管式静电除尘器为研究对象,利用Fluent数值模拟了离子风和外加磁场作用下中位粒径对静电除尘器（ESP）除尘性能的影响。数值结果表明：ESP对PM2.5除尘效率随中位粒径的增大呈增大的趋势,离子风和外加磁场效应均能提高ESP的除尘效率,联合作用更为明显,可为未来的ESP优化设计提供指导。     

涪江上游滑坡相关因素研究

采用灰色系统理论的关联度分析方法，研究了涪江上游骨滑坡的主要形成条件及触发因素。结果显示，相对主同差是滑坡的主要形成条件，地震是滑坡的主要触发因素，此外，还对滑坡相关因素进行了相关显著性比较，评价了每项相关因素的其中所起的作用，最后讨论了灰色系统理论的关联度分析方法在滑坡研究中的利弊。     

近10 a武汉市城市热岛效应演变及其#br# 与土地利用变化的关系

城市化进程的加快,农村人口大量涌入城市,城市布局及局部气候改变等因素使得城市热岛效应问题日益突出,已成为当前城市环境研究热点之一。以武汉市为例,应用遥感技术与地理信息系统技术,选取2004~2015年5个时相Landsat系列影像数据,利用单窗算法反演地表温度,并以此为基础进行热岛强度分级,获取了近10 a武汉市城市热岛效应变化结果,并分析了武汉市11个辖区城市热岛效应动态变化特征及热岛效应与土地利用变化的关系。研究结果表明：（1）自2007年后,武汉市老城区热岛面积持续减少,而新城区热岛面积则持续增加,呈现出以老城区为中心向新城区扩张的趋势,至2015年,新老城区热岛面积仅相差20.74 km2;（2）东西湖区、蔡甸区、江夏区与洪山区是近些年城市热岛面积增长较为显著的辖区,其中江夏区的热岛面积年际变化最大,最高值达95.42 km2;（3）城市热岛效应与土地利用类型的面积年际平均值拟合关系显示,2004~2015年,城市热岛效应与建筑用地的R2值最大,为0.681 2,建筑用地面积的增加是城市热岛强度面积扩张的重要影响因素。     

Occurrence and dietary exposure risks of phthalate esters in food in the typical valley city Xi’an,Northwest China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Diet is an important exposure pathway of phthalate esters (PAEs) for humans. A total of 174 food samples covering 11 food groups were collected from...     

活性炭与炭黑混合电极的脱盐性能及相关工艺参数的优化

混合电极中各组分的质量比是影响膜电容去离子(membrane capacitive deionization, MCDI)系统脱盐性能的重要因素。重点研究了混合电极中活性材料(活性炭)、导电剂(炭黑)和粘结剂(聚四氟乙烯)3种组分的质量比对MCDI系统脱盐性能的影响,并优化了工艺参数。实验结果表明,在进水氯化钠质量浓度为0.4 g·L⁻¹时,控制活性炭、炭黑及聚四氟乙烯的质量比为8∶1∶1、运行电压为1.2 V,进水流速为4 mL·min⁻¹,MCDI系统具有较优异的脱盐性能,其吸附容量和脱盐速度分别为10.13 mg·g⁻¹和0.44 μmol·(cm²·min)⁻¹,电荷效率和单位能量脱盐量可分别达95.27%和8.23 μmol·J⁻¹;而且,增大进水中氯化钠浓度会进一步提升MCDI系统的吸附容量和脱盐速度,但其脱盐率会有所降低。吸附热力学和动力学拟合结果表明,此混合电极材料脱盐过程分别符合Freundlich吸附等温方程和准二级动力学方程。     

Long-term study of heavy metal pollution in the northern Hangzhou Bay of China: temporal and spatial distribution,contamination evaluation,and potential ecological risk

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coastal ecosystem is vulnerable to heavy metal contamination. The northern Hangzhou Bay is under intensifying impact of anthropogenic activities. To...     

CdS and Ag synergistically improved the performance of g-C3N4 on visible-light photocatalytic degradation of pollution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - CdS-AgO@g-C3N4 nanocomposites were successfully synthesized and characterized by XRD, N2 physical adsorption, XPS, SEM, TEM, EDX, and UV–Vis DRS...     

垃圾填埋场对地下水污染的模拟研究

在对长春市某垃圾填埋场进行野外调查的基础上 ,于室内进行了垃圾淋滤模拟实验。分析了垃圾渗滤液污染组分的自然衰减规律 ,建立了垃圾填埋场地下水污染的数值模型 ,采用FEFLOW软件对其进行模拟和预报 ,并取得了较好的效果 ,最后提出防止和防治垃圾填埋场污染地下水的若干措施。