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951.
952.
Environment as the Stage for Economic Actors 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
John E Coulter Shi Lei Samantha Jenkins 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2007,5(1):3-8
The relative importance of economics and environment in debate may soon be reversed due to the influence of three fac- tors. Firstly, in the global economy it is hard to hide the unwanted products of economic processes. Secondly, huge advances in sci- ence will reduce the imperfect knowledge of markets, making some monitoring and analyzing tools show the design of sensible and equitable livelihood in communities, which is more important than the motivation of maximising profits for some individuals or firms. Thirdly, China, as the last major player on the planet to take on economic growth, comes from traditions fundamentally differ- ent from those economies that have experienced the Industrial Revolution previously. Its challenges with sustainability and en- vironmental conservation predate Western economics by millennia, and it is implementing policies domestically and starting to work on the world stage that acknowledges that the surroundings are the host for any economic and socio-political system. 相似文献
953.
The important role that non-motorised transport plays in urban sustainability is discussed with particular reference to the developing world and to the links between environmental and poverty issues. The significance of non-motorised transport in terms of reduced pollution, income maintenance for the poor and providing transport for vulnerable groups is stressed and placed within the general context of sustainable development. More specifically, evidence is presented for rickshaws in Calcutta, which demonstrates the vital role that non-motorised transport must play if sustainable development objectives are to be met. This evidence indicates that if rickshaws were to disappear from Calcutta's streets there would not only be significant increases in air pollution but also a substantial increase in the numbers of people living in poverty. 相似文献
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956.
We used genotypic data from three highly polymorphic microsatellite loci (two autosomal and one sex-linked) to examine micro-spatial
and temporal arrangements of genetic paternity for more than 1,500 embryos housed along 12 egg-case strings of the knobbed
whelk, Busycon carica. Multiple paternity proved to be the norm in these single-dam families, with genetic contributions of several sires (at least
3.5 on average) being represented among embryos within individual egg capsules as well as along the string. Two strings were
studied in much greater detail; five and seven fathers were identified, none of which was among the several males found in
consort with the female at her time of egg-laying. Each deduced sire had fathered roughly constant proportions of embryos
along most of the string, but those proportions differed consistently among fathers. A few significant paternity shifts at
specifiable positions along an egg-case string were also observed. Although the precise physical mechanisms inside a female
whelk’s reproductive tract remain unknown, our genetic findings indicate that successive fertilization events (and/or depositions
of zygotes into egg capsules) normally occur as near-random draws from a well-but-not-perfectly blended pool of gametes (or
zygotes) stemming from stored ejaculates, perhaps in different titers, of a dam’s several mates. 相似文献
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C. Foster Knight 《环境质量管理》1995,4(3):119-125
The White House Conference on Environmental Technology, held December 12–14, 1994, is the most recent of many events building toward a national environmental technology strategy, which President Clinton will announce on April 22, 1995, the 25th anniversary of Earth Day. Promoting innovation and eliminating barriers to new environmental technologies are important issues in developing this strategy. Anticipating these developments, EPA launched its own Technology Innovation Strategy in early 1994. EPA's strategy explicitly calls for strengthening incentives for technology innovation within regulatory, policy, and enforcement programs. In this light, it is worthwhile to look at a recent case study showing how regulations impact innovative environmental technologies, particularly because there appears to be a gathering political sentiment for deeper regulatory reform. 相似文献
959.
S. S. D. Foster 《Natural resources forum》1986,10(1):51-60
Although groundwater is widely and increasingly exploited for potable water-supply in developing countries the threat of groundwater pollution has, as yet, received little attention. Activities currently producing the principal risks are described in some detail. A basis for rapid assessment of the degree of groundwater pollution risk is proposed, based on the evaluation of, and the interaction between, pollutant loading and aquifer vulnerability. Protection zones around individual groundwater supply sources can generally play, at most, only a minor role in overall policy. The strategy proposed is aquifer-oriented and activity-related. The evaluation of aquifer pollution vulnerability, made in the rapid risk assessment and based on three semi-independent criteria, could be used to select the required protection measures in relation to specific land-use activities. 相似文献
960.