气相色谱法测定尿中五氯酚

本文采用在酸性介质中水解并提取尿中五氯酚，硫酸净化，在碱性介质中加醋酸酐衍生，用石油醚萃取生成的五氯酚乙酯。气相色谱电子捕获检测器测定。本法灵敏度高，取２０ｍｌ尿样最低检出限为０．０３６μｇ／ｌ。浓度在０￣２００ｍｇ范围呈线性关系，相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９８。尿液中加入不同浓度五氯酚，其平均回收率〉９５％，变异系数〈１０％。     

活性污泥胞外多聚物的研究进展

本文阐明研究胞外多聚物的重要性入手,从它的性质,来源,在污水和污泥处理中各方面的影响作用,以及胞多聚物的分离提取方法几方面,综述了活性污泥胞外多聚物的研究发展和现状,并提出了一些可供进一步的探索的问题。     

地下水原位生物修复技术

对地下水原位生物修复技术的概念，实施途径和方案等进行了综述，并介绍了此种方法的优点及局限性。     

古夫河着生藻类优势种生态位研究

采用Smith生态位宽度公式、Pianka生态位重叠指数公式和冗余分析（RDA）对古夫河22种优势种进行生态位计算和分析。结果表明,古夫河春夏季着生藻类优势种以硅藻门和蓝藻门的种类居多。根据不同月份的生态位宽度将古夫河着生藻类优势种分为5类,第一类优势种具有最宽的生态位且它们与蓝藻类优势种的重叠性指数最大。古夫河着生藻类优势种的分布受总氮、酸碱度、氨氮的影响较大。第一类优势种可反映古夫河总体水质情况,第五类优势种反映古夫河水体中某一个或几个水质因子的变化;生态位重叠值大小可反映古夫河水质是否受到外来因素干扰;结合RDA排序图和优势藻类种群变化可判断古夫河水体中总氮、氨氮及酸碱度含量的变化。     

微生物浸出低品位氧化物型镍钴矿研究新进展

微生物浸出技术是处理低品位矿石的有效措施。但目前我国主要针对硫化矿的自养微生物浸出进行研发,而对异养微生物浸出氧化型矿石研究很少。异养微生物可通过其产生的代谢产物的酸解、还原、碱解及络合作用来提取或者溶解低品位氧化物型镍钴矿中的镍、钴金属,有助于解决目前我国镍钴资源短缺及为重金属污染治理提供技术方法。本文针对低品位氧化型镍钴矿、风化壳、以及冶金渣、废电池、废催化剂等二次资源,介绍了世界镍钴资源的现状和低品位氧化物型镍钴矿的资源类型,对异养微生物浸出低品位氧化物型镍钴矿研究现状进行了剖析,指出了异养微生物冶金的主要浸矿条件和存在难题,提出了氧化物型镍钴矿微生物浸取的研究方向。     

Influences of excessive Cu on photosynthesis and growth in ectomycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris seedlings

Growth and photosynthesis responses were measured for Scots pine( Pinus sylvestris L. cv. ) inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi ( Suillus bovinus ) under 6.5 and 25 mg/L Cu treatments to evaluate ectomycorrhizal seedlings‘ tolerance to heavy metal stress. Results showed that excessive Cu can significantly impair the growth and photosynthesis of pine seedlings, but such impairment is much smaller to the ectomycorrhizal seedlings. Under 25mg/L Cu treatment, the dry weight of ectomycorrhizal seedlings is 25% lower than the control in contrary to 53% of the non-mycorrhizal seedlings, and the fresh weight of ectomycorrhizal roots was significantly higher than those of non-mycorrhizal roots, about 25% and 42% higher at 6.5 and 25 mg/L Cu treatments respectively. Furthermore,ectomycorrhizal fungi induced remarkable difference in the growth rate and pigment content of seedlings under excessive Cu stress. At 2.5 mg/L Cu, the contents of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b were 30% higher in ectomycorrhizal plants than those in non-mycorrhizal plants. O2 evolution and electron transport of PSI and PSII were restrained by elevated Cu stress. However, no significant improvement was observed in reducing the physiological restraining in ectomycorrhizal seedlings over the non-mycorrhizal ones.     

污泥-秸秆基活性炭的制备及其对渗滤液COD的吸附

以市政污泥与玉米秸秆为原料,采用化学活化法热解制备污泥-秸秆基活性炭,研究其物化性质、热解动力学特性及对渗滤液中COD的吸附性能。考察吸附剂投加量、吸附时间和溶液pH对COD去除率的影响,并用吸附等温线对吸附数据进行了拟合。结果表明,秸秆比例越高,活性炭的吸附碘值和BET比表面积越大,最大可达663 mg/g和902 m2/g;活性炭表面呈不规则的多孔状;秸秆比例为45%的活性炭在最佳实验条件下对COD的吸附去除率为82%;活性炭对COD的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温模型。     

Differential implications of team member promotive and prohibitive voice on innovation performance in research and development project teams: A dialectic perspective

How and when does team member voice facilitate team innovation? Integrating research on member voice and a dialectic perspective of innovation, we advance a model in which team member promotive voice enhances team innovation through team knowledge utilization, whereas team member prohibitive voice enhances team innovation through team reflexivity in a nonlinear fashion. We further propose that the differential effects of team member promotive and prohibitive voice will be stronger at different stages (idea generation vs. idea implementation) of the innovation cycle. Survey data from 78 research and development project teams showed a positive indirect effect between team member promotive voice and team innovation through team knowledge utilization, although this relationship was also mediated through team reflexivity. Moreover, the indirect effect of team member promotive voice on team innovation via team knowledge utilization was stronger for teams in the idea generation stage of team innovation. Results also confirmed a nonlinear indirect relationship between team member prohibitive voice and team innovation via team reflexivity such that the positive effects of team member prohibitive voice tapered off at high levels. Contrary to our expectations, the effects of prohibitive voice held regardless of stage. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

近期长江河口横沙通道冲淤变化与微地貌特征

于2015年2月1~7日利用多波束测深系统对长江口横沙通道河槽进行走航测量,结合人类活动强干扰下的海图水深数据及河槽表层沉积物资料分析近期长江河口横沙通道河槽冲淤变化与微地貌特征,探讨河槽冲淤演变和床面微地貌之间的相关性以及河口河槽冲淤演变过程和微地貌特征对人类活动的响应。结果显示：近年来横沙通道河槽持续受到冲刷,2002~2013年泥沙净冲刷量为0.86 × 108m3,平均每年冲刷0.08 × 108m3,其原因可能与三峡蓄水工程、北槽深水航道治理工程和北港青草沙水库工程的实施有关。而横沙通道的河床冲刷对圆圆沙航槽和北槽航道的泥沙回淤具有一定的贡献;其底床上除发育平滑床底外,还广泛发育凹坑和冲刷痕等侵蚀性微地貌,且河槽受到冲刷导致底沙推移质运动增强,促进了沙波微地貌的发育。     

2002年1—4月国内环境事件数据

统计了2002年1-4月国内发生的各种环境事件71件,包括沙尘天气(16件)、污染事件(14件)、山体滑坡和泥石流(13件)、虫害(3件)以及其他自然灾害(25件).文章最后对2001年度国内的气象灾害、海洋灾害以及地质灾害进行了讨论.