异喹啉季铵盐在盐酸中对A3钢的吸附及其缓蚀作用

采用失重、电化学法研究了异喹啉季铵盐在 1mol/L盐酸溶液中对A3钢的缓蚀行为及吸附规律。实验表明 ,异喹啉季铵盐是一种阴、阳极混合型缓蚀剂 ,其缓蚀性能优良 ,在A3钢表面产生化学吸附 ,吸附过程为放热反应。     

Groundwater geochemical signatures and implication for sustainable development in a typical endorheic watershed on Tibetan plateau

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater resource is significantly important for sustainable development of the world, especially for arid endorheic watersheds. A total of 28...     

Is it an opportunity? COVID-19’s effect on the green supply chains,and perceived service’s quality (SERVQUAL): the moderate effect of big data analytics in the healthcare sector

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study examines the relationship between uncertainty-fear toward COVID-19, green supply chain management (GSCM), and perceived service quality...     

Application of improved seasonal GM(1,1) model based on HP filter for runoff prediction in Xiangjiang River

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Runoff forecasting is essential for the reasonable use of regional water resources, flood prevention, and mitigation, as well as the development of...     

Distribution and bioavailability of ceria nanoparticles in an aquatic ecosystem model

Along with the increasing utilization of engineered nanoparticles, there is a growing concern for the potential environmental and health effects of exposure to these newly designed materials. Understanding the behavior of nanoparticles in the environment is a basic need. The present study aims to investigate the distribution and fate of ceria nanoparticles in an aquatic system model which consists of sediments, water, hornworts, fish and snails, using a radiotracer technique. Concentrations of ceria in the samples at regular time intervals were measured. Ceria nanoparticles were readily removed from the water column and partitioned between different organisms. Both snail and fish have fast absorption and clearance abilities. Hornwort has the highest bioaccumulation factors. At the end of the experiment, sediments accumulated most of the nanoparticles with a recovery of 75.7 ± 27.3% of total ceria nanoparticles, suggesting that sediments are major sinks of ceria nanoparticles.     

新型破碎压榨联合生物工艺处理餐厨垃圾中试研究

采用新型破碎压榨预处理、油液渣三相分离的联合生物工艺(CBP)处理广州市餐厨垃圾,研究该工艺对餐厨垃圾减量率、产乙醇量、回收油脂和高蛋白酒糟的效能。结果表明:1)新型破碎压榨预处理后,餐厨垃圾减量率达90%以上,且压榨渣的干基低位燃烧值为4 885 kJ/kg,达到GB/T 18750—2008《生活垃圾焚烧炉及余热锅炉》的垃圾焚烧标准。2)在偏酸性(pH为3.62)和含盐量较高(盐分浓度为8.03 g/L)的环境下,酵母代谢工程菌(噬污酵母)在24 h内对餐厨垃圾总糖转化为乙醇的效率高达91.78%,说明酵母代谢工程菌具有耐盐耐酸性及糖醇转化的高效性。3)联合生物加工工艺对餐厨垃圾的油脂回收率为89.78%,对高蛋白酒糟的回收率为98.39%,且产品特性达到GB/T 25866—2010《玉米干全酒糟(玉米DDGS)》高脂型一级标准;对乙醇回收率为94.99%,且产品特性达到GB/T 394.1—2008《工业酒精》一级标准。联合生物加工工艺对餐厨垃圾处理具有减量化程度高、发酵周期短、产品回收率高且品质好的优势。     

负载铂的酸活化高岭土室温甲醛氧化性能

通过盐酸活化高岭土,再利用浸泡-还原法在其表面负载金属Pt颗粒,制备出甲醛氧化催化剂。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、场发射扫面电镜（FE-SEM）、透射显微镜（TEM）、氮气吸附-脱附等温线和傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）等对催化剂进行表征测试。结果表明：酸化处理后的高岭土的比表面积增大近1倍,负载金属Pt颗粒后作为催化剂,室温氧化甲醛具有较高的催化氧化性能,甲醛初始浓度为200 mg·m-3左右,催化氧化1 h后,甲醛剩余浓度仅为50 mg·m-3。连续循环5次,催化氧化性能变化不明显,具有稳定的催化氧化活性。     

海水电池处理模拟海水养殖废水

随着中国海水养殖业的迅猛发展,海水养殖废水排放量与日俱增,近海水域环境严重恶化。采用海水电池处理模拟海水养殖废水,以镁为电池负极,钛为电池正极。镁负极失去电子产生Mg2+,与废水中的NH4+、PO43-结合生成磷酸铵镁（MgNH4PO4·6H2O,MAP）,将废水中的NH4+和PO43-去除。结果表明,当pH为9.5,氮磷配比为1：1.1时,氮的去除率可达85.34% ,磷的去除率可达98.46%。利用正交实验研究pH、初始氨氮浓度、氮磷比和COD4个因素对氮磷去除的影响,氨氮初始浓度、COD分别对氮、磷的去除影响最大。多个电池串联时,总输出电压是各电池电压之和。     

Effects of aeration frequency on leachate quality and waste in simulated hybrid bioreactor landfills

Research has been conducted to investigate the effects of daily aeration frequency on leachate quality and waste settlement in simulated hybrid landfill bioreactors. Four laboratory-scale reactors were constructed and operated for about 10 months to simulate different bioreactor operations, including one anaerobic bioreactor and three hybrid bioreactors with different aeration frequencies (one, two, and four times per day). Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) reduced more than 96% of the initial concentrations in all aerated bioreactors. The differences of COD and BOD₅ reductions among tested aeration frequencies were relatively small. For ammonia nitrogen, the higher aeration frequency (two or four times per day) resulted in the quicker reduction. Overall, the concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn) decreased over time except Cd and Pb. The reduction of redox-sensitive metal concentrations (Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu) was greater in aerated bioreactors than in anaerobic bioreactor. Settlement of municipal solid waste (MSW) was enhanced with higher frequency of aeration events (four times per day).

Implications: In recent years, hybird bioreactor landfill technology has gained a lot of attention. Appropriate aeration rate is crucial for hybrid bioreactor operation, but few studies have been done and different results were obtained. Research was conducted to investigate the effects of daily aeration frequency on leachate quality and waste settlement. Results indicated that aeration can effectively accelerate waste stabilization and remove organic carbon concentration and total nitrogen in the leachate.     

臭氧活性炭-后置砂滤工艺对水中农药的控制效能

选择我国饮用水水质标准中有相关规定,以及部分用量较大或虽被禁用但仍有残留的农药共25种,对黄浦江水源水以及采用臭氧活性炭-后置砂滤工艺的某水厂工艺段出水中的浓度分布进行了调查,评估了砂滤后置工艺条件下相应农药的实际处理效果。结果表明:原水中有包括莠去津、乐果、六氯苯、敌敌畏、乙草胺、丁草胺、仲丁威和p,p'-DDT的8种农药检出,且总浓度较高达到760 ng/L,其中莠去津和乙草胺含量较高,最高浓度分别达到531 ng/L和277 ng/L;从季节性分布来看,春季总农药浓度最高达760 ng/L,秋季最低为175 ng/L。从工艺去除效果来看,臭氧活性炭砂滤后置工艺对农药的总体去除率为62%~78%,与冬春季相比,夏秋季节的农药的去除率提高约10%左右,这可能与高温期微生物活性较高有关。值得关注的是,砂滤后置工艺与同期常规臭氧活性炭工艺相比农药的总去除率要低10%左右,应结合总体出水水质情况对其进一步评估。