二苯并噻吩降解菌筛选及16S rDNA序列分析

以DBT(dibenzothiophene,二苯并噻吩)为模型化合物,分离得到了一株能降解DBT的微生物HB2,应用HPLC对其脱硫特性进行了检测。应用PCR技术克隆到16SrDNA片段,核苷酸序列分析结果表明,该菌的16SrDNA全序列与假单胞菌存在98%的同源性,初步确定该菌在微生物系统发育学上的地位。     

上海市南汇区水环境污染成因及防治对策

根据南汇区环境监测站对区域内8条主要河流中24个监测断面的水质监测资料（2001-2005年），分析了南汇区水环境污染现状，并利用水质综合指数法对水质年际变化进行了评价。从主要污染源，环境保护基础设施和工业结构等方面，分析了南汇区域内水环境污染的成因，结合第3轮“环保三年行动计划”提出了水环境污染防治对策。     

催化CODcr快速测法的精密度与准确度实验

化学需氧量标准分析方法测定时间长、操作繁琐。本实验采用CTL—BX3C型便携式COD快速测定仪能在20分钟获得COD数据，同时耗能低、省时省力、减少污染。催化CODcr快速法的精密度与准确度均能达到要求。     

环境监测技术培训需求分析——应用OTP模型

简述了环境监测技术培训需求分析的重要性及OTP模型的概念.针对环境监测技术培训的现状和特点,设计了符合环境监测技术培训特点的OTP模型,提出了系统分析环境监测技术培训需求的方法,以及根据实际情况科学设置输入项的不同权重,充分考虑影响模型输出的各种因素,加强研究模型输入项的量化表征,动态调整模型的输入项的建议.     

盲样考核浓度预判及稀释方法——以原子荧光法测定水中砷为例

以原子荧光法测定水中砷为例,探讨了实验室盲样考核浓度预判及稀释方法.分析了3个砷盲样考核实例,归纳了“直接稀释法”“系列稀释法”“最大稀释法”3种方法,分别适用于盲样浓度范围窄、适中、宽3种情况,检测人员可根据考核机构给定的浓度范围合理选用.     

Estimation of phosphorus flux in rivers during flooding

Reservoirs in Taiwan are inundated with nutrients that result in algal growth, and thus also reservoir eutrophication. Controlling the phosphorus load has always been the most crucial issue for maintaining reservoir water quality. Numerous agricultural activities, especially the production of tea in riparian areas, are conducted in watersheds in Taiwan. Nutrients from such activities, including phosphorus, are typically flushed into rivers during flooding, when over 90 % of the yearly total amount of phosphorous enters reservoirs. Excessive or enhanced soil erosion from rainstorms can dramatically increase the river sediment load and the amount of particulate phosphorus flushed into rivers. When flow rates are high, particulate phosphorus is the dominant form of phosphorus, but sediment and discharge measurements are difficult during flooding, which makes estimating phosphorus flux in rivers difficult. This study determines total amounts of phosphorus transport by measuring flood discharge and phosphorous levels during flooding. Changes in particulate phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, and their adsorption behavior during a 24-h period are analyzed owing to the fact that the time for particulate phosphorus adsorption and desorption approaching equilibrium is about 16 h. Erosion of the reservoir watershed was caused by adsorption and desorption of suspended solids in the river, a process which can be summarily described using the Lagmuir isotherm. A method for estimating the phosphorus flux in the Daiyujay Creek during Typhoon Bilis in 2006 is presented in this study. Both sediment and phosphorus are affected by the drastic discharge during flooding. Water quality data were collected during two flood events, flood in June 9, 2006 and Typhoon Bilis, to show the concentrations of suspended solids and total phosphorus during floods are much higher than normal stages. Therefore, the drastic changes of total phosphorus, particulate phosphorus, and dissolved phosphorus in rivers during flooding should be monitored to evaluate the loading of phosphorus more precisely. The results show that monitoring and controlling phosphorus transport during flooding can help prevent the eutrophication of a reservoir.     

基于Sentinel-2与随机森林算法的太湖水生植被分布监测

基于2018—2021年太湖地区哨兵2号（Sentinel-2）卫星遥感影像和随机森林算法,结合植被敏感指数,开展太湖水生植被分布监测,综合分析了水生植被的时空变化特征,初步揭示了太湖水生植被的动态变化。结果表明,太湖水生植被分布面积有逐年上升的趋势,且年间变化具有明显的单峰型特征,表现为春季沉寂,夏季快速增长,秋季达到暴发期,冬季面积开始减退;太湖水生植被主要分布于东太湖、东部沿岸和贡湖,类型以沉水植被为主,其中浮叶植被主要分布于东太湖,挺水植被主要分布于东太湖沿岸的浅水区域;沉水植被主要分布于东部沿岸和贡湖;水生植被主要分布的东太湖水域,其水质总体优于太湖其他水域。     

Determination of organophosphorus pesticides and related compounds in water samples by membrane extraction and gas chromatography

A membrane extraction-gas chromatography method was developed fordetermination of organophosphorus pesticides and related compounds including methamidophos, DDVP, dimethoate, methyl parathion, parathion, thiophosphoric acid trimethyl ester, and thiophosphoramidic acid dimethyl ester in water samples. In thismethod, surface-modified acetic cellulose membranes were used to extract the target analytes in water samples, the extracted analytes were back-extracted into a small amount of methanol, andgas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detector (GC-PFPD) was used to determine the concentrations of targetanalytes in the extracts. The recoveries obtained for thetarget analytes spiked into the water samples ranged from 66to 94%. The method detection limit for each target analyte was 0.05 g L^-1. The method developed in this study had shown the advantages of being cheap, simple, fast, and reliable. It had been used successfully to determine the concentrations of target analytes in river water samples.     

The implementation of a measurement system for brushless DC motor parameters

Most of the energy conversion in industrial devices and equipment is completed by the motor. The acquirement of motor parameters becomes very important for designing the motor drives. The aim of this paper is to design and implement a motor measurement system. Through the processing of an Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) microcontroller, the various parameters of motors such as input voltage, input current, input power, motor speed, and motor torque can be obtained. Consequently, the torque constant, load torque, viscous friction, and the inertia of the motor are calculated and achieved. The motor parameters can be commanded and displayed in the designed human interface of a PC via USB communication. The hardware system designed in this system includes an ARM microcontroller, an inverter, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a torque sensor, and power supply. The software programming is developed under the Visual Studio 2012 environment development platform using the C language. Finally, the prototype of the motor measurement system is completed and verified. The experimental results for the motor parameters and torque/speed characteristic are demonstrated and show the feasibility of the complete designed system.     

7-ACA清洁生产的潜力研究

7-ACA是头孢菌素关键性中间体。近年来,头袍菌素类抗生素使用越来越多,临床应用证明它是一类抗菌谱广、抗菌活性强,疗效高和毒性低的抗生素。然而,中国在7-ACA生产过程中普遍面临着污染重、废弃物成分复杂、治理难度大的发展"瓶颈"。本文从清洁生产源头消减的角度,分析了7-ACA清洁生产的潜力与机会,并在国内7-ACA生产现状下,提出了化学法清洁生产方案的建议。