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181.
Ana Beatriz R.J. Passos Marco Antonio M. Freitas Lívia G. Torres Antonio A. Silva Maria Eliana L.R. Queiroz Cláudio F. Lima 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):646-650
This study was undertaken to obtain information about the behavior of sulfentrazone in soil by evaluating the sorption and desorption of the herbicide in different Brazilian soils. Batch equilibrium method was used and the samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Based on the results obtained from the values of Freundlich constants (Kf), we determined the order of sorption (Haplic Planosol < Red-Yellow Latosol < Red Argisol < Humic Cambisol < Regolitic Neosol) and desorption (Regolitic Neosol < Red Argisol < Humic Cambisol < Haplic Planosol < Red-Yellow Latosol) of sulfentrazone in the soils. The process of pesticide sorption in soils was dependent on the levels of organic matter and clay, while desorption was influenced by the organic matter content and soil pH. Thus, the use of sulfentrazone in soils with low clay content and organic matter (low sorption) increases the probability of contaminating future crops. 相似文献
182.
Amanda C. Lima Sergio N. Monteiro Kestur G. Satyanarayana 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(4):957-965
Environmental problems are motivating recycling actions and reuse alternatives for materials with main focus for the application
of those renewable and biodegradable materials such as lignocellulosic fibers. Composites reinforced with such fibers are
being considered by several industrial sectors, not only from the environmental safety, but also from economic considerations
and improved properties. This paper, which is continuation of the work (Part I) by the authors’ use of the recycled polyethylene
and used jute fabrics, presents evaluation of its toughness measured by the impact energy using both Izod and Charpy methods.
Fabric content used is up to 40 wt. %. It is found that the incorporation of both types (new and used) of jute fabric significantly
increased the impact energy of composites, with higher values associated with the new jute fabric. Fractographic analysis
revealed that weaved configuration of the jute fibers and their low interfacial resistance with the matrix are responsible
for the observed impact performance of these composites. 相似文献
183.
Denis A. Coelho Carla S.D. Tavares Tânia M. Lima Miguel L. Lourenço 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2018,24(3):475-486
Introduction. The effect of different kinds of work on the psychosocial assessment of workers under the same management and organizational environment is investigated. Methods. A voluntary assessment in a utility company was carried out using the short version of the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire (CoPsoQ) on two occasions, 1.5 years apart. Initially, 25 office workers (11 men and 14 women) participated, while 14 of those workers (8 women and 6 men) participated in the second assessment together with 32 field workers. The sewage, water treatment and maintenance workers, totaling 32 men, also participated in a field ergonomics assessment using the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries field work ergonomic checklist. Results. The longitudinal outlook was fairly stable, with sustained severe scores in many CoPsoQ subscales and intensification of severity of workers’ control over work and esteem for men. A significantly higher esteem score resulted for field rather than office workers. Workers subjected to foul odors showed similar severity of psychosocial factors. Discussion. For most psychosocial dimensions, the organizational design and management system in place, as well as the overall cultural environment in which it operates, create a much stronger and more decisive impact than job-specific factors. 相似文献
184.
Jader Galba Busato Caroline Moreira de Carvalho Daniel Basilio Zandonadi Fernando Fabriz Sodré Alan Ribeiro Mol Aline Lima de Oliveira Rodrigo Diana Navarro 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(36):35811-35820
Waste from the beneficiation of fish was composted with crushed grass aiming to characterize their chemical composition and investigate the possibility of the use of the final compost as source of humic acids (HA) able to stimulate the growth of lettuce. Compost presented pH value, C/N ratio, and electrical conductivity that allow its use as an organic fertilizer. The element content was present in the following order of abundance in the compost: P?>?Ca?>?N?>?Mg?>?K?>?Fe?>?Zn?>?Mn?>?Mo?>?Cu, and the humus composition was similar to that observed in others kind of organic residues composted. The high content of oxygen pointed out a high level of oxidation of HA, in line with the predominance of phenolic acidity in the functional groups. The 13C-NMR spectra showed marked resonances due to the presence of lipids and other materials resistant to degradation as methoxy substituent and N-alkyl groups. A concentration of 20 mg L?1 HA increased significantly both dry and wet root matter in lettuce but the CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, and number of lateral roots of the plants were not affected. However, increases of 64% in the water-use efficiency was observed due to the HA addition, probably related to the root morphology alteration which resulted in 1.6-fold increase of lateral root average length and due to the higher H+ extrusion activity. Reuse of residues from the fish beneficiation activity by composting may represent a safe tool to increase the value of recycled organic residues and generate HA with potential use as plant growth stimulants. 相似文献
185.
de Souza Camila da Costa Barros García Andrés Calderín Lima Erica Souto Abreu do Amaral Sobrinho Nelson Moura Brasil 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(4):2232-2244
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This study aimed to elucidate the formation process of humic substances (HS) during poultry litter (PL) composting and its influence on the... 相似文献
186.
Collective detection concerns the idea that all members of a socially feeding group are alerted to an attack as long as at
least one group member detects it. We found that collective detection in mixed flocks of emberizid sparrows is limited markedly
by relatively small degrees of visual and spatial separation between foragers. These limits on collective detection appear
to influence the degree to which flock members lower their vigilance with increasing group size (the group size effect). Specifically,
the decrease in collective detection with increasing visual and spatial isolation between foragers is accompanied by a concomitant
decrease in the strength of the vigilance group size effect. Explanations for the vigilance-related effects of such separation
based upon a bird’s ability to monitor the vigilance behavior of flockmates can be ruled out for our experimental system.
Our results also shed light on the issue of whether the vigilance group size effect is influenced more by collective detection
or the simple dilution of risk with increasing group size. We argue that collective detection is not only an important determinant
of the group size effect, but also that the phenomena of collective detection and risk dilution are interdependent.
Received: 25 July 1995/Accepted after revision: 17 December 1995 相似文献
187.
Naomi E. Detenbeck Debra L. Taylor Ann Lima Cynthia Hagley 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1996,40(1):11-40
Temporal and spatial variability in wetland water-quality variables were examined for twenty-one wetlands in the Minneapolis/St. Paul metropolitan area and eighteen wetlands in adjacent Wright County. Wetland water quality was significantly affected by contact with the sediment (surface water vs. groundwater), season, degree of hydrologic isolation, wetland class, and predominant land-use in the surrounding watershed (p<0.05). Between years, only nitrate and particulate nitrogen concentrations varied significantly in Wright County wetland surface waters. For eight water-quality variables, the power of a paired before-and-after comparison design was greater than the power of a completely randomized design. The reverse was true for four other water-quality variables. The power of statistical tests for different classes of water-quality variables could be ranked according to the predominant factors influencing these: climate factors>edaphic factors>detritivory>land-use factors>biotic-redox or other multiple factors.For two wetlands sampled intensively, soluble reactive phosphate and total dissolved phosphorus were the most spatially variable (c.v.=76–249%), while temperature, color, dissolved organic carbon, and DO were least variable (c.v.=6–43%). Geostatistical analyses demonstrated that the average distance across which water-quality variables were spatially correlated (variogram range) was 61–112% of the mean radius of each wetland. Within the shallower of the two wetlands, nitrogen speciation was explained as a function of dissolved oxygen, while deeper marsh water-quality variables were explained as a function of water depth or distance from the wetland edge. Compositing water-quality samples produced unbiased estimates of individual sample means for all water quality variables examined except for ammonium. 相似文献
188.
This article discusses a methodology for assessing and rankinga predefined universe of objects to assist in the selectionof suitable areas for the construction of sanitary landfills.The methodology is, in principle, for universal application. Its development was initially based on the `Value Analysis' methodology and then on the `Fuzzy Eigenvector Method', or `Fuzzy Logic' as it is sometimes referred to. The focus of thestudy herein is on the comparative appraisal of a group ofelements which are part of the guidelines to be adopted whendetermining the choice of the most suitable site for a sanitarylandfill. This set of guidelines includes technical, economical,environmental, social and political aspects. As an example of themethodology proposed, four different areas were chosen. They werestudied to determine which is the most appropriate site for thedevelopment of a new solid waste fill site. The results for thesefour areas, together with the functions chosen and functionweights, are presented here. 相似文献
189.
dos Santos Reginaldo Carvalho da Silva Junior Carlos Antonio Battirola Leandro Denis Lima Mendelson 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(3):3356-3370
Environment, Development and Sustainability - This paper evaluates compliance with environmental laws in the municipality of Sorriso and the impact of changing legislation on vegetation. To verify... 相似文献
190.
The main goal of this paper was to explore the relationship between living in industrial areas and individual’s level of psychological health. Using a quasi-experimental design main findings suggest that, regardless of the type of industry that is operating, there was a significant association between living in industrialized areas and decreased levels of well being, optimism and use of active coping strategies. However, results on anxiety and depression were especially high in areas associated with air pollution. Moreover, there was also a significant association between more subjective meanings of place and psychological health. According to a reality-orientation criterion, evidences showed that when individuals live in industrial areas perceptions of their places as industrial are associated with lower depression, anxiety and psychiatric symptoms. 相似文献