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201.
del Álamo Cristina Vázquez-Calvo Ángela Alcamí Antonio Sánchez-García-Casarrubios Juan Pérez-Díaz José Luis 《Food and environmental virology》2022,14(3):304-313
Food and Environmental Virology - The experience of COVID19 pandemic has demonstrated the real concern of biological agents dispersed in the air and surfaces environments. Therefore, the need of a... 相似文献
202.
María Victoria Fernández Montoni Mariana Fernández Honaine Julio Luis del Río 《Environmental management》2014,54(2):180-193
Sand dune quarries are a location of common aggregate mining activity developed in coastal areas, especially in the southeast Buenos Aires province, Argentina. In this article, spontaneous plant development after extraction activity ceased was evaluated. Five areas (three quarried and two natural/conservation areas) were sampled for plant cover and composition as well as sediment characterization. Different indexes, principal component analysis, and cluster analyses were applied to compare the areas. The dominant families observed in four of the five areas were Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Cyperaceae, and most of the species are commonly found in sandy and humid soils and/or modified/anthropized ones. Percentages of plant cover increased with time because of the cessation of active aggregate extraction. Indexes and multivariate analyses showed that it was possible to distinguish quarried and natural areas based on composition and vegetation cover. The distribution of plant species among the four areas responded to the presence of mining activity, but it also responded to the topographical position and consequently the depth of the groundwater level. Besides these differences, the four areas shared many native species. The results might indicate that once the activity has ceased, quarried areas may spontaneously and quickly develop a plant community with some similarities to those present in the nonquarried areas. However, given that the extracting activity involves the removal of the soil, revegetation of this type of environment depends on the presence of natural areas in the surroundings, which can serve as a source of seeds and propagules for plant regeneration. 相似文献
203.
Eakin H Bojórquez-Tapia LA Monterde Diaz R Castellanos E Haggar J 《Environmental management》2011,47(3):352-367
Communities who rely directly on the natural environment for their survival typically have developed risk management strategies
to enable them to avoid dangerous thresholds of change to their livelihoods. Development policy appropriate for natural resource-based
communities requires an understanding of the primary drivers of social-ecological change, the ways in which affected households
autonomously respond to such drivers, and the appropriate avenues for intervention to reduce vulnerability. Coffee has been,
and still remains, one of the most important commodities of the Mesoamerican region, and hundreds of thousands of smallholder
households in the region are dependent in some way on the coffee industry for their livelihood stability. We used the Analytical
Network Process to synthesize expert knowledge on the primary drivers of livelihood change in the region as well as the most
common household strategies and associated capacities necessary for effective response. The assessment identified both gradual
systemic processes as well as specific environmental and market shocks as significant drivers of livelihood change across
the region. Agronomic adjustments and new forms of social organization were among the more significant responses of farmers
to these changes. The assessment indicates that public interventions in support of adaptation should focus on enhancing farmers’
access to market and technical information and finance, as well as on increasing the viability of farmers’ organizations and
cooperatives. 相似文献
204.
Rafael Vicente de P��dua Ferreira Solange Kazumi Sakata Vera L��cia Keiko Isiki Hissae Miyamoto Maria Helena Bellini Luis Filipe C. P. de Lima J��lio Takehiro Marumo 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2011,9(2):209-216
The present study investigated the influence of 241Am on microbial growth and the degradation of organic waste. Leachate samples collected in a lysimeter were periodically analyzed
for bacterial growth, under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. 241Am inhibited bacterial growth, and the degradation of organic matter was delayed in comparison with the control. Minimal inhibitory
concentration assays and survival curves revealed that it inhibits the growth of Pseudomonas putida F1. The assay also revealed that 241Am is more toxic than 238U, Zn2+ and Cd2+. This study further led to the finding of four new radionuclide-tolerant bacterial strains: Flavobacterium spp., Pseudomonas gladioli, Chryseobacterium indologenes and Ochrobactrum anthropi. The survival curves of P. gladioli, C. indologenes revealed that these bacteria are resistant to metal as consortia. 相似文献
205.
Isaac Schifter Luis D��az Rene Rodr��guez Lucia Salazar 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,173(1-4):343-360
Recently, the Mexican government launched a national program encouraging the blending of renewable fuels in engine fuel. To aid the assessment of the environmental consequences of this move, the effect of gasoline fuel additives, ethanol and methyl tert-butyl ether, on the tailpipe and the evaporative emissions of Mexico sold cars was investigated. Regulated exhaust and evaporative emissions, such as carbon monoxide, non-methane hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides, and 15 unregulated emissions were measured under various conditions on a set of 2005?C2008 model light-duty vehicles selected based on sales statistics for the Mexico City metropolitan area provided by car manufacturers. The selected car brands are also frequent in Canada, the USA, and other parts of the world. This paper provides details and results of the experiment that are essential for evaluation of changes in the emission inventory, originating in the low-blend ethanol addition in light vehicle fuel. 相似文献
206.
207.
Simoneta Negrete-Yankelevich Luciana Porter-Bolland José Luis Blanco-Rosas Isabelle Barois 《Environmental management》2013,52(1):45-60
Land degradation is a serious problem in tropical mountainous areas. Market prices, technological development, and population growth are often invoked as the prime causes. Using historical agrarian documents, literature sources, and historical population data, we (1) provide quantitative and qualitative evidence that the land degradation present at Sierra de Santa Marta (Los Tuxtlas, Mexico) has involved a historical reduction in the temporal, spatial, and diversity scales, in which individual farmers make management decisions, and has resulted in decreased maize productivity; and (2) analyze how these three scalar changes can be linked to policy, population growth, and agrarian history. We conclude that the historical reduction in the scales of land use decision-making and practices constitutes a present threat to indigenous agricultural heritage. The long-term viability of agriculture requires that initiatives consider incentives for co-responsibility with an initial focus on self-sufficiency. 相似文献
208.
Luigi Bruzzi Valentina Boragno Simona Verità José Luis Rosúa-Campos 《Local Environment》2013,18(2):93-113
The sustainability concept applied to human activities implies the need to harmonise the protection of environment with a satisfactory economic and social development. This is particularly true for tourism development: a misuse of the natural resources can cause a degradation of the tourist appeal of the destination, bringing it finally to its economic decline. This problem is particularly important in coastal tourism destinations. The implementation of an environmental management system is a powerful way for progressing towards better environmental performances. In this paper, the main results obtained in applying the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme procedure to the municipality of Cervia, a well-known tourist destination located on the Adriatic coast of Italy are described. This research puts into evidence that the main environmental pressures in the summer season are related to the supply of potable water, the production of solid wastes and wastewater air pollution and noise, etc. However, if correctly planned and managed, tourism can also contribute to environmental protection, to the conservation of biodiversity and to a sustainable use of natural resources. 相似文献
209.
Lisa J. Henne Daniel W. Schneider Luis M. Martinez 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2002,45(5):613-632
The cost-effectiveness of rapid assessment approaches make their adaptation for use in developing countries appealing, but biological assessment methods need to be validated before use in new geographic areas. The authors tested the suitability of a family-level biotic index for use in a river in west-central Mexico that receives organic point-source pollution from untreated municipal sewage and sugar-cane processing. The biotic index was highly correlated to dissolved oxygen, and could detect different levels of pollution. Information from rapid assessment biomonitoring was used successfully by local natural resource managers to help bring about improvements in water resource management. 相似文献
210.
Aram Terchunian Victor Klemas Alberto Segovia Agustin Alvarez Bryon Vasconez Luis Guerrero 《Environmental management》1986,10(3):345-350
A cooperative mangrove mapping project between the Ecuadorian Center for Remote Sensing (CLIRSEN) and the University of Delaware was begun in August 1982. The objectives of the project were to create historical maps of mangrove ecosystem extent and change, while transferring aerial photographic interpretation techniques to Ecuadorian personnel. The result of this cooperation was a series of three 125,000 scale maps of historical mangrove extent and change from 1966 to 1982 in the southern Gulf of Guayaquil. This multitemporal study showed a 16% decrease in mangrove extent and a 27% increase in shrimp pond development. If these rates of change prevail into the future, mangroves in Ecuador will reach parity with shrimp ponds in 1984 and completely disappear by mid-1990. Recognizing the significance of this loss to shellfish and fish production along the coast, Ecuadorian scientists at CLIRSEN have subsequently initiated a nationwide mangrove mapping program to create a historical base for future mangrove management strategies. 相似文献