Prenatal diagnosis of gastrointestinal obstruction: A correlation between prenatal ultrasonic findings and postnatal operative findings

The impact of prenatal sonographic diagnosis of oesophageal and gastrointestinal obstructions has been analysed over a 10-year period. Three groups of patients were evaluated. The first group consisted of 46 newborns with abnormal prenatal sonogratns, 41 of which were confirmed to have intestinal obstruction postnatally. The second group consisted of 17 neonates with normal prenatal sonograms who had intestinal obstruction postnatally. The third group included 56 newborns who did not undergo a prenatal sonogram but who had intestinal obstruction confirmed at surgery. Polyhydramnios without the appearance of a stomach on ultrasound was diagnostic of pure oesophageal atresia. Polyhydramnios with intestinal dilation was diagnostic of intestinal obstruction. Although surgery was performed earlier in the infants diagnosed prenatally with ultrasound, mortality was no less than in the group that did not undergo a prenatal sonogram, probably because of the high incidence of associated anomalies.     

油田采出水处理技术与发展趋势研究

油田采出水具有水量大,水质复杂,处理难度高等一系列特点,因此寻求合适的处理技术一直是油田面临的主要问题.针对油田采出水的产生和特点,介绍了近年来研究较多的油田采出水处理技术,主要包括分离技术、过滤技术、膜技术、气浮技术、吸附技术等物理法;盐析技术、混凝沉淀技术、化学氧化技术、电化学处理技术等化学和物理化学法;活性污泥技术、生物滤池技术等生物法,并概述了油田采出水处理技术的最新研究成果.通过对现有技术分析,总结出当前油田采出水处理中存在的问题,并对存在的处理难点做出了分析,提出了油田采出水处理技术的发展趋势.