生态文明建设背景下农村环境治理研究

传统农村环境治理技术缺乏高针对性,整体治理效果较差。对此基于TREELT环境治理模型,提出生态文明建设背景下TREELT农村环境治理技术。首先根据自然环境治理要素,建立农村环境综合评估指标体系,对农村整体自然环境状况进行综合评估,获取相关向量参数。引入静态塔逻辑分析结构,建立农村自然环境TREELT环境治理模型,最后通过TREELT环境治理模型,导入求取的向量参数,获取自然环境集中评估分析值,实现高针对性环境治理。相比较传统农村自然环境治理技术,应用农村环境宏观治理技术后,农村整体自然环境评估指数上升14,环境健康因素离散度下降48.7%,整体自然环境具有明显改善。     

生物合成施氏矿物作为类芬顿反应催化剂降解甲基橙的研究

应用生物合成施氏矿物作为光助类芬顿反应催化剂促进甲基橙的降解.施氏矿物通过A.f-LX5细胞悬浮液在初始p H值2.5和28℃时氧化Fe SO43d生成,并进行X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜表征.本研究分析了不同初始p H、H2O2浓度及催化剂装载量对在光助类芬顿反应中甲基橙氧化降解效率的影响.结果表明,生物合成施氏矿物具有较高的催化活性,并且通过羟基自由基机制使甲基橙降解.在近中性、较高Cl-、SO2-4及NO-3浓度条件下,施氏矿物仍然能保持较高催化甲基橙降解的效率.本研究验证了以生物合成施氏矿物作为催化剂的异相光助类芬顿反应是一种处理含甲基橙废水有应用前景的高级氧化技术.     

乡镇企业安全管理呈现八大变化

乡镇企业安全管理呈现八大变化随着乡镇企业持续、快速、高效、健康地发展，乡镇企业的安全工作取得了较好的成效。从１９８８年到１９９３年，因工死亡人数下降了５０％，１９９４年，特大事故也有所减少。归根结蒂，是乡镇企业的安全管理发生了较为深刻的变化。──安全...     

某些标准溶液统一配制的探讨

某些标准溶液统一配制的探讨日照市环境监测站张永康，郑建平在环境监测分析中，经常遇到测定不同的项目用同一种物质的溶液的情况。在人手少、任务重的某些三级站和四级站中，若统一配制这种共用溶液，可谓是一个切实可行的办法。本文以容量分析中硫代硫酸钠滴定用标准溶...     

岩石破坏裂纹的调查和分析

裂纹的发生和发展是固体破坏的重要特征。在金属结构与材料学科中,根据裂纹形态的研究,建立了较完整的断口分析科学。已故著明科学家李四光依据对裂纹形态和分布规律的研究,推断地质构造运动,创立了地质力学体系,成功地解决了我国一些重大经济建设问题。近年来,断裂力学的发展给裂纹分析工作提供了新的手段,使裂纹的研究从单纯的定性分析走向定量的计算。     

粪大肠菌7小时快速试验法

<正> 粪大肠菌7小时快速试验法,是用一种紫红透明的含有灵敏PH指示剂的乳糖培养基,接种水样后,在41.5±2℃下培养7～7.25小时之后,对着紫红色培养基背景,观察黄色菌落的快速试验方法。这种方法与大肠菌群发酵法和粪大肠菌24小时试验法比     

动物蛋白资源大瓶螺的开发利用研究 Ⅱ.大瓶螺的生态特性与高产养殖配套技术

本文着重论述了大瓶螺的生活周期、营养生长、产卵、卵块孵化及休眠的生态特性,并依据上述生态特性和生产实践,从生产布局、饲料来源、放养密度、水体管理、轮捕轮放和越冬保种等方面提出螺的高产养殖配套技术。     

环独墅湖水体污染现状评价

为系统分析环独墅湖水体污染现状,采用营养指数和污染因子指数法对研究区表层水体污染现状进行系统研究.研究结果表明,各水质参数存在明显的空间分布差异.总氮(TN)含量均值为3.26 mg/L,属劣Ⅴ类地表水;总磷(TP)含量均值为0.03 mg/L,为Ⅲ类地表水;总Hg含量均值为0.11μg/L,为Ⅳ类地表水;其他水质参数...     

Occurrence and accumulation of organochlorine contaminants in swordfish from Mediterranean Sea: a case study

Polychlorinated biphenyls including coplanar congeners and DDT compounds were measured in the liver of a teleost species: namely, Xiphias gladius. PCB concentrations (median: 1121 ng/g lipid wt) were comparable with DDT levels (median: 1236 ng/g lipid wt). PCBs revealed a profile dominated by hexa-, penta- and heptachlorinated congeners. Among DDTs, the compound in the greatest concentration was p,p'-DDE, representing 70% of the total DDT burden, followed by o,p'-DDT>p,p'-DDT>p,p'-DDD=o,p'-DDD. Mean total 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent of five coplanar PCBs was 8.83 pg/g lipid weight. The isomers with higher TEQs values were non-ortho congeners than mono-ortho ones.     

Avoidance bio-assays may help to test the ecological significance of soil pollution

We measured the short-term (100 min) avoidance of a soil heavily polluted by hydrocarbons by the soil springtail Folsomia candida, at six rates of dilution in a control, unpolluted soil. We compared the results with those of long-term (40-day) population tests. Five strains were compared, of varying geographical and ecological origin. When pure, the polluted soil was lethal in the long-term and avoided in the short-term by all strains. Avoidance tests, but not population tests, were able to discriminate between strains. Avoidance thresholds differed among strains. Two ecological consequences of the results were discussed: (i) toxic compounds may kill soil animals or deprive them from food, resulting in death of populations, (ii) pollution spots can be locally deprived of fauna because of escape movements of soil animals. Advantages and limitations of the method have been listed, together with proposals for their wider use in soil ecology and ecotoxicology.