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Teresa Krzyśko-Łupicka Krystyna Cybulska Andrzej Wieczorek Ewa Możdżer Maciej J. Nowak 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(18):10765-10774
This study was aimed at investigating the physicochemical and microbiological changes that took place during the ageing process of spent bleaching earth in the presence of autochthonous microorganisms. Research material included fresh spent bleaching earth (SBE0) and the same material after 3 years of storage at the constant temperature of 20 °C, without aeration and moistening (SBE3). Changes in the chemical composition of analysed waste material were observed during its ageing process point to a spontaneous bioconversion of fat substance towards formation and/or release of free saturated fatty acids C16:0 and C18:0 (14.3 g 100 g?1 D.M.), triterpenes (8.48 g 100 g?1 D.M.), cholesterol (3.29 g 100 g?1 D.M.), small quantities of carbohydrates and esters (0.80 g 100 g?1 D.M.). This process was accompanied by other changes in physicochemical parameters of the waste material, such as colour, odour and viscosity, decrease in fat content from 28.27 to 24.6 % and that of soluble forms of metals (Mo, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn), ranging from 25 to 75 %, and an increase in pH, from 3.85 to 4.2. At the same time, changes in the microbial consortium were observed. 相似文献
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Maria Swiontek Brzezinska Maciej Walczak Urszula Jankiewicz Marcela Pejchalová 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(2):589-595
The research was aimed at determining the abundance of biofilm formation by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus on the surface of polycaprolactone (PCL) with polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) derivatives and effect of the derivatives on extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and intracellular dehydrogenases. Biofilm abundance was determined by spectrophotometry, using crystal violet staining. Hydrolytic enzymes after contact with the film were determined with the use of non-specific substrate—fluorscein diacetate. The effect of PHMG derivatives on dehydrogenases activity was assessed using the test, where triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) is reduced to triphenylformazan (TF). The PCL containing PHMG granular polyethylene wax and salt of sulfanilic acid (0.6–1% wt.) strongest inhibited biofilm formation. PHMG derivatives introduced into PCL were found to slightly affect hydrolases activity in both E. coli and S. aureus at a concentration of 0.2 and 0.6%. It was also found that dehydrogenases activity was inhibited by PCL films containing PHMG derivatives. PCL containing 1% of PHMG sulfanilate strongest inhibited hydrolases activity, whereas PCL modified with 1% of PHMG granular polyethylene wax showed the highest inhibitory effect on the activity of both enzymes. W-PCL and A-PCL composites (at concentration of 0.6%) have optimal combination of antibiofilm activity and biodegradability. 相似文献
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Stachyra Kamila Kiepura Anna Suski Maciej Ulatowska-Białas Magdalena Kuś Katarzyna Wiśniewska Anna Czepiel Klaudia Majka Grzegorz Olszanecki Rafał 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(1):699-709
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The adverse effects of air pollution on the cardiovascular system have been well documented. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an... 相似文献
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Woodpeckers as Indicators of Forest Bird Diversity 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Grzegorz Mikusiski Maciej Gromadzki † and Przemyslaw Chylarecki† 《Conservation biology》2001,15(1):208-217
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Grochowalski A Lassen C Holtzer M Sadowski M Hudyma T 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2007,14(5):326-332
Background The aim of the project was to measure the actual emissions of PCDD/F, PCBs and HCB from 20 selected metallurgical installations
in Poland, in order to update the national inventory of dioxin emission from metallurgical industry for developing a strategy
for dioxins and furans emission abatement from the subject facilities (UNEP 2005).
Methods Sampling methodology used in this work was developed at the Cracow University of Technology because of the complexity of simultaneous
sampling and determining PCDFs, PCDDs, PCB and HCB. For the determination a GC-MS/MS system was used.
Results and Discussion Results from the work indicate that the highest dioxins and PCB concentrations were recorded for iron ore sintering plants
at 1.10–1.32 ng total1 TEQ/Nm3 followed by aluminium scrap melting at 0.03–0.66 ng total TEQ/Nm3. The highest HCB concentrations at 613–1491 ng/Nm3 were also recorded for iron ore sintering plants, whereas at aluminium plants the HCB concentrations were in the range of
only 10.1–22.7 ng/Nm3.
Conclusions The above investigations indicate that secondary aluminium production is the most significant dioxins source, if calculated
as emission factor values. However, iron ore sintering plants are operating at much higher production capacity, causing this
process to become the major source of dioxins, PCB and HCB pollution to the atmosphere in Poland.
Recommendations and Perspectives Based on the performed tests and the environmental reviews of selected plants several recommendations were formulated for
the reduction of generation or of emission of these pollutants from iron ore sintering plants, electric arc furnace steel
production processes, hot-blast furnace operations, secondary aluminium smelting and primary zinc production from zinc cathodes. 相似文献
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Tadeusz Wszo?ek Maciej K?aczyński 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2007,13(4):433-440
Impulse sound events are characterised by ultra high pressures and low frequencies. Lower frequency sounds are generally less attenuated over a given distance in the atmosphere than higher frequencies. Thus, impulse sounds can be heard over greater distances and will be more affected by the environment. To calculate a long-term average immission level it is necessary to apply weighting factors like the probability of the occurrence of each weather condition during the relevant time period. This means that when measuring impulse noise at a long distance it is necessary to follow environmental parameters in many points along the way sound travels and also to have a database of sound transfer functions in the long term. The paper analyses the uncertainty of immission measurement results of impulse sound from cladding and destroying explosive materials. The influence of environmental conditions on the way sound travels is the focus of this paper. 相似文献
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The relative contribution of reduced nitrogen to acid and eutrophic deposition in Europe has increased recently as a result of European policies which have been successful in reducing SO(2) and NO(x) emissions but have had smaller impacts on ammonia (NH(3)) emissions. In this paper the Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-pollutant Exchange (FRAME) model was used to calculate the spatial patterns of annual average ammonia and ammonium (NH(4)(+)) air concentrations and reduced nitrogen (NH(x)) dry and wet deposition with a 5 km × 5 km grid for years 2002-2005. The modelled air concentrations of NH(3) and dry deposition of NH(x) show similar spatial patterns for all years considered. The largest year to year changes were found for wet deposition, which vary considerably with precipitation amount. The FRAME modelled air concentrations and wet deposition are in reasonable agreement with available measurements (Pearson's correlation coefficients above 0.6 for years 2002-2005), and with spatial patterns of concentrations and deposition of NH(x) reported with the EMEP results, but show larger spatial gradients. The error statistics show that the FRAME model results are in better agreement with measurements if compared with EMEP estimates. The differences in deposition budgets calculated with FRAME and EMEP do not exceed 17% for wet and 6% for dry deposition, with FRAME estimates higher than for EMEP wet deposition for modelled period and lower or equal for dry deposition. The FRAME estimates of wet deposition budget are lower than the measurement-based values reported by the Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection of Poland, with the differences by approximately 3%. Up to 93% of dry and 53% of wet deposition of NH(x) in Poland originates from national sources. Over the western part of Poland and mountainous areas in the south, transboundary transport can contribute over 80% of total (dry + wet) NH(x) deposition. The spatial pattern of the relative contribution of national sources to total deposition of NH(x) may change significantly due to the general circulation of air. 相似文献