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71.
Dhaouadi Fatma Sellaoui Lotfi Reynel-Ávila Hilda Elizabeth Landín-Sandoval Verónica Mendoza-Castillo Didilia I. Jaime-Leal José Enrique Lima Eder Claudio Bonilla-Petriciolet Adrián Lamine Abdelmottaleb Ben 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(24):30943-30954
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A theoretical physicochemical and thermodynamic investigation of the adsorption of heavy metals Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+on carbon-based adsorbents... 相似文献
72.
Sánchez-Gavilán Irene Rufo Lourdes Rodríguez Nuria de la Fuente Vicenta 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):2719-2727
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A complete survey is presented on the inorganic composition of the euhalophyte annual succulent species Salicornia patula (Chenopodiaceae), including... 相似文献
73.
Solá María Zoleica Simón Prado Carolina Rosa Mariana Aráoz María Victoria Coll Benimeli Claudia Susana Polti Marta Alejandra Alvarez Analia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(37):51217-51231
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phytoremediation techniques have been proposed as ecological methods to clean up contaminated sites. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of the... 相似文献
74.
Errazquin Diego Mohamadou Aminou Dupont Laurent De Gaetano Yannick García Cristina B. Lomba Laura Giner Beatriz 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):65374-65384
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work studies the effects of different bromide-based ionic liquids, with phosphonium and ammonium cations, towards several environmental... 相似文献
75.
Robert Tardif Manuel Rodriguez Cyril Catto Ginette Charest-Tardif Sabrina Simard 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(8):163-172
The formation and concentration of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in pool water and the ambient air vary according to the type of water treatment process used. This exploratory study was aimed at investigating the short-term impact of modifications of the water treatment process on traditional DBP levels (e.g., trihalomethanes (THMs), chloramines) and emerging DBPs (e.g., Halonitromethanes, Haloketones, NDMA) in swimming pool water and/or air. A sampling program was carried to understand the impact of the following changes made successively to the standard water treatment process: activation of ultraviolet (UV) photoreactor, halt of air stripping with continuation of air extraction from the buffer tank, halt of air stripping and suppression of air extraction from the buffer tank, suppression of the polyaluminium silicate sulfate (PASS) coagulant. UV caused a high increase of Halonitromethanes (8.4 fold), Haloketones (2.1 fold), and THMs in the water (1.7 fold) and, of THMs in the air (1.6 fold) and contributed to reducing the level of chloramines in the air (1.6 fold) and NDMA in the water (2.1 fold). The results highlight the positive impact of air stripping in reducing volatile contaminants. The PASS did not change the presence of DBPs, except for the THMs, which decrease slightly with the use of this coagulant. This study shows that modifications affecting the water treatment process can rapidly produce important and variable impacts on DBP levels in water and air and suggests that implementation of any water treatment process to reduce DBP levels should take into account the specific context of each swimming pool. 相似文献
76.
José Antonio Rodríguez Martín Nikos Nanos José Carlos Miranda Gregoria Carbonell Luis Gil 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2013,100(8):739-747
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic element that is emitted to the atmosphere by both human activities and natural processes. Volcanic emissions are considered a natural source of mercury in the environment. In some cases, tree ring records taken close to volcanoes and their relation to volcanic activity over time are contradictory. In 1949, the Hoyo Negro volcano (La Palma-Canary Islands) produced significant pyroclastic flows that damaged the nearby stand of Pinus canariensis. Recently, 60 years after the eruption, we assessed mercury concentrations in the stem of a pine which survived volcano formation, located at a distance of 50 m from the crater. We show that Hg content in a wound caused by pyroclastic impacts (22.3 μg kg?1) is an order of magnitude higher than the Hg concentrations measured in the xylem before and after the eruption (2.3 μg kg?1). Thus, mercury emissions originating from the eruption remained only as a mark—in pyroclastic wounds—and can be considered a sporadic and very high mercury input that did not affect the overall Hg input in the xylem. In addition, mercury contents recorded in the phloem (9.5 μg kg?1) and bark (6.0 μg kg?1) suggest that mercury shifts towards non-living tissues of the pine, an aspect that can be related to detoxification in volcanism-adapted species. 相似文献
77.
Mara C. Diguez Claudia P. Queimalios Sergio Ribeiro Guevar Mark Marvin-DiPasquale Carolina Soto Crdenas Mara A. Arribre 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(10):1980-1991
Ligands present in dissolved organic matter (DOM) form complexes with inorganic divalent mercury (Hg^2+) affecting its bioavailability in pelagic food webs. This investigation addresses the influence of a natural gradient of DOM present in Patagonian lakes on the bioaccumulation of Hg^2+ (the prevailing mercury species in the water column of these lakes) by the algae Cryptomonas erosa and the zooplankters Brachionus calyciflorus and Boeckella antiqua. Hg^2+ accumulation was studied through laboratory experiments using natural water of four oligotrophic Patagonian lakes amended with^197Hg^2+. The bioavailability of Hg^2+ was affected by the concentration and character of DOM. The entrance of Hg^2+ into pelagic food webs occurs mostly through passive and active accumulation. The incorporation of Hg^2+ by Cryptomonas, up to 27% of the Hg^2+ amended, was found to be rapid and dominated by passive adsorption, and was greatest when low molecular weight compounds with protein-like or small phenolic signatures prevailed in the DOM. Conversely, high molecular weight compounds with a humic or fulvic signature kept Hg^2+ in the dissolved phase, resulting in the lowest Hg^2+ accumulation in this algae. In Brachionus and Boeckella the direct incorporation of Hg from the aqueous phase was up to 3% of the Hg^2+ amended. The dietary incorporation of Hg^2+ by Boeckella exceeded the direct absorption of this metal in natural water, and was remarkably similar to the Hg^2+ adsorbed in their prey. Overall, DOM concentration and character affected the adsorption of Hg^2+ by algae through competitive binding, while the incorporation of Hg^2+ into the zooplankton was dominated by trophic or dietary transfer. 相似文献
78.
Dimensional analysis and scaling in mechanical mixing for fabrication of metal matrix nanocomposites
S. García-Rodríguez N. Alba-Baena N.M. Rudolph J. Wellekoetter X.C. Li T.A. Osswald 《Journal of Manufacturing Processes》2012,14(3):388-392
For a successful enhancement of mechanical properties of metal matrix nanocomposites, a homogeneous nanoparticle dispersion and distribution in the solidified metal is required. Mechanical mixing can be used for initial break-up of agglomerates, and its study can be simplified with dimensional analysis. Using this technique, mixing time and vortex height were assessed while varying fluid properties, impeller angle, and angular speed. Three relevant dimensionless numbers were recognized: the Reynolds (Re), Froude and Galilei (Ga) numbers. Based on blade and impeller shaft angles, a modified Froude number (Fr*) was defined. These parameters were calculated experimentally, varying angular speed from 200 to 1000 rpm for three different impeller angles: 0°, 15° and 30°. This procedure was performed with three fluids: water, and two aqueous glycerin solutions (25% and 50% by volume). Digital images were taken and processed to measure vortex height. Mixing time was measured for water at 0° impeller angle, angular speed ranging from 200 to 1200 rpm. Results showed an optimal dimensionless mixing time with respect to Re. A linear relationship was found between dimensionless vortex height and Fr*. The first had a second order polynomial relationship with the product ReFr*, regardless of impeller angle. This relationship, together with the Ga, specific for each fluid, allows scaling the results to other fluids such as molten pure aluminum. This study allows experimenting in simpler systems that involve transparent fluids, room temperature and low cost, to then elaborate a prediction of vortex height in fluids where measurements are difficult and costly, such as molten metals. 相似文献
79.
Unlike any other foraging phyllostomid bat studied to date, Poey’s flower bats (Phyllonycteris poeyi-Phyllostomidae) emit relatively long (up to 7.2 ms), intense, single-harmonic echolocation calls. These calls are readily
detectable at distances of at least 15 m. Furthermore, the echolocation calls contain only the first harmonic, which is usually
filtered out in the vocal tract of phyllostomids. The foraging echolocation calls of P. poeyi are more like search-phase echolocation calls of sympatric aerial-feeding bats (Molossidae, Vespertilionidae, Mormoopidae).
Intense, long, narrowband, single-harmonic echolocation calls focus acoustic energy maximizing range and favoring detection,
which may be particularly important for cruising bats, like P. poeyi, when flying in the open. Flying in enclosed spaces, P. poeyi emit short, low-intensity, frequency-modulated, multiharmonic echolocation calls typical of other phyllostomids. This is
the first report of a phyllostomid species emitting long, intense, single-harmonic echolocation calls with most energy in
the first harmonic. 相似文献
80.
Recruitment precision, i.e. the proportion of recruits that reach an advertised food source, is a crucial adaptation of social
bees to their environment. Studies with honeybees showed that recruitment precision is not a fixed feature, but it may be
enhanced by factors like experience and distance. However, little is known regarding the recruitment precision of stingless
bees. Hence, in this study, we examined the effects of experience and spatial distance on the precision of the food communication
system of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona mexicana. We conducted the experiments by training bees to a three-dimensional artificial patch at several distances from the colony.
We recorded the choices of individual recruited foragers, either being newcomers (foragers without experience with the advertised
food source) or experienced (foragers that had previously visited the feeder). We found that the average precision of newcomers
(95.6 ± 2.61%) was significantly higher than that of experienced bees (80.2 ± 1.12%). While this might seem counter-intuitive
on first sight, this “loss” of precision can be explained by the tendency of experienced recruits to explore nearby areas
to find new rewarding food sources after they had initially learned the exact location of the food source. Increasing the
distance from the colony had no significant effect on the precision of the foraging bees. Thus, our data show that experience,
but not the distance of the food source, affected the patch precision of S. mexicana foragers. 相似文献