渔塘坝微地域高Se环境中土壤Se的分布规律及其影响因素

选取迄今世界上唯一发生过人群Ｓｅ中毒的湖北恩施双河乡渔塘坝为研究区,在渔塘坝０．０１ｋｍ＾２的微地域内,土壤Ｓｅ的分布存在着显著的不均一性,控制渔坝土壤Ｓｅ分布的３个主要因素是地形,土壤粒度和成土母质的含Ｓｅ量及出露情况,其中地形是最重要的控制因素。土壤Ｓｅ的分布规律表明,在表生的中强化学风化环境Ｓｅ是一种极为活泼的元素,易于积累Ｓｅ的负地形是最易于Ｓｅ中毒发性的地貌位置。     

地理信息系统在累积影响评价中的应用

累积影响评价是在可持续发展目标要求下环境影响评价的一种新类型,但目前进行累积影响评价的方法和工具仍较缺乏。文章分析了利用地理信息系统进行累积影响评价的能力,结果表明：地理信息系统能改善对发展行为和环境状况的监测和跟踪,能较好地分析环境影响的时、空累积特征,是进行累积影响评价的有效工具;但是,其对环境影响累积过程的本质考虑有限,需要与能反映累积过程的子模式相结合。     

Occurrence of a leachable pentavalent chromium species in cement co-processed with tanning sludge

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Cement kiln co-processing is a major technique for disposing of hazardous solid wastes, yet the formation of toxic soluble compounds during the process may induce...     

煤炭企业发展环保产业的思考

根据环保产业的狭义和广义概念,介绍了我国环保产业发展的现状,提出了环保问题是一种更高层次上的安全问题的新理念,结合构建和谐平安矿区、矿区生态环境治理、矿区发展循环经济和煤炭企业非煤产业结构调整,分析了煤炭企业发展环保产业的必要性和可行性,并提出了煤炭企业加快发展环保产业的具体措施建议。     

开发建设项目生态环境影响评价原则─生态环境功能保护论

地球各类生态系统是人类可持续生存与发展所依赖的环境,即生态环境,从可持续发展战略出发,在开发建设项目的环境影响评价中应注重生态环境影响评价。本文提出,生态环境影响评价应从保持生态系统的环境功能着眼,评价生态功能所受的寻求功能补偿的措施。文中列出１２项以上的生态环境功能和建议进行的价值计量方法。同时指出,进行生态环境功能影响评价必须树立三种观念;（１）区别于传统经济观念的生态资源价值观,并从土地利用     

柴油机芳香烃类污染物的测量方法研究

采用活性炭吸附、溶剂解吸和气-质联用(GC-MS)分析的方法,对柴油机尾气中芳香烃污染物进行了定性、定量分析。实验结果表明,该方法能够减少柴油机尾气中其他颗粒相和气相有机成分的干扰,采样快速,灵敏度、准确度高;活性炭吸附管采样效率高,当采样流量为4 L/min、采集时间20 min时,不会出现芳香烃脱附现象;测量方法重复性较好,相对标准偏差低于6.5%,检出限为3~9μg/m3,回收率为87.5%~95.2%;该方法可用于测量柴油机燃用生物柴油和0号柴油尾气中芳香烃污染物。     

Antagonism of phenanthrene cytotoxicity for human embryo lung fibroblast cell line HFL-I by green tea polyphenols

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been detected in some commercial teas around the world and pose a threat to tea consumers. However, green tea polyphenols (GTP) possess remarkable antioxidant and anticancer effects. In this study, the potential of GTP to block the toxicity of the model PAH phenanthrene was examined in human embryo lung fibroblast cell line HFL-I. Both GTP and phenanthrene treatment individually caused dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth. A full factorial design experiment demonstrated that the interaction of phenanthrene and GTP significantly reduced growth inhibition. Using the median effect method showed that phenanthrene and GTP were antagonistic when the inhibitory levels were less than about 50%. Apoptosis and cell cycle detection suggested that only phenanthrene affected cell cycle significantly and caused cell death; GTP lowered the mortality of HFL-I cells exposed to phenanthrene; However, GTP did not affect modulation of the cell cycle by phenanthrene.     

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface sediments of Liaodong Bay,Bohai Sea,China

Materials and methods  

The levels and possible sources of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the surface sediments of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea, China.     

Ecosystem management based on ecosystem services and human activities: a case study in the Yanhe watershed

With activities that alter the structure and function of the habitat, humans have a direct impact on ecosystems and ecosystem services, i.e., the conditions and processes that sustain human life. In this study, 35 townships in the Yanhe watershed in the Loess Plateau of China were selected. The net primary production (NPP), carbon sequestration and oxygen production (CSOP), water conservation, and soil conservation were the ecosystem services selected and valuated. Human activity was quantified by an integrated human activity index (HAI) based on population density, farmland ratio, and the influence of road networks and residential areas. The NPP, CSOP, and water conservation showed a conspicuous spatial pattern fanning outward from the southwest, while the soil conservation showed an obscure spatial pattern distinguished primarily by the peripheral area surrounding the urbanized areas. Total ecosystem services in the Yanhe watershed demonstrated a decreasing pattern from south to north, and the HAI was in proportion to administrative and economic development. Based on the selected ecosystem services and HAI, we mapped the townships of the Yanhe watershed by cluster analysis, and provided sustainable ecosystem management suggestions, tailored to the social-ecological map.     

PADHI在LNG储罐周边土地规划决策中的应用

探讨英国健康安全委员会(HSE)推荐的危险设施周边发展规划建议(Planning Advice for Developments near Hazardous Installations,PADHI)的具体分析步骤,从个人风险角度对LNG储罐进行风险分析.通过LNG储罐案例分析PADHI方法的适用性,并给出LNG储罐周边土地的规划建议.案例分析表明,需搬迁或重新规划居民区C,而储罐周边的工业厂房、高速公路、居民区D的选址合理.研究表明,PADHI适用于工业危险源周边土地的规划,为解决重大危险设施周边土地规划等问题提供了参考,具有重要现实意义.