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排序方式: 共有129条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
81.
82.
Isabel Rodríguez-Salgado Marcos Paradelo-Pérez Paula Pérez-Rodríguez Laura Cutillas-Barreiro David Fernández-Calviño Juan Carlos Nóvoa-Muñoz Manuel Arias-Estévez 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(16):9785-9795
In spite of its wide-world economic relevance, wine production generates a huge amount of waste that threatens the environment. A batch experiment was designed to assess the effect of the amendment of an agricultural soil with two winery wastes (perlite and bentonite wastes) in the immobilization of cyprodinil. Waste addition (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 Mg ha?1) and different times of incubation of soil-waste mixtures (1, 30, and 120 days) were tested. The addition of wastes improved the soil’s ability to immobilize cyprodinil, which was significantly correlated to total C content in soil-waste mixtures. Longer incubation times decreased the cyprodinil sorption possibly due to the mineralization of organic matter but also as a consequence of the high pH values reached after bentonite waste addition (up to 10.0). Cyprodinil desorption increased as the amount of waste added to soil, and the incubation time increased. The use of these winery wastes contributes to a more sustainable agriculture preventing fungicide mobilization to groundwater. 相似文献
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Boyero L Pearson RG Dudgeon D Graça MA Gessner MO Albariño RJ Ferreira V Yule CM Boulton AJ Arunachalam M Callisto M Chauvet E Ramírez A Chará J Moretti MS Gonçalves JF Helson JE Chará-Serna AM Encalada AC Davies JN Lamothe S Cornejo A Li AO Buria LM Villanueva VD Zúñiga MC Pringle CM 《Ecology》2011,92(9):1839-1848
Most hypotheses explaining the general gradient of higher diversity toward the equator are implicit or explicit about greater species packing in the tropics. However, global patterns of diversity within guilds, including trophic guilds (i.e., groups of organisms that use similar food resources), are poorly known. We explored global diversity patterns of a key trophic guild in stream ecosystems, the detritivore shredders. This was motivated by the fundamental ecological role of shredders as decomposers of leaf litter and by some records pointing to low shredder diversity and abundance in the tropics, which contrasts with diversity patterns of most major taxa for which broad-scale latitudinal patterns haven been examined. Given this evidence, we hypothesized that shredders are more abundant and diverse in temperate than in tropical streams, and that this pattern is related to the higher temperatures and lower availability of high-quality leaf litter in the tropics. Our comprehensive global survey (129 stream sites from 14 regions on six continents) corroborated the expected latitudinal pattern and showed that shredder distribution (abundance, diversity and assemblage composition) was explained by a combination of factors, including water temperature (some taxa were restricted to cool waters) and biogeography (some taxa were more diverse in particular biogeographic realms). In contrast to our hypothesis, shredder diversity was unrelated to leaf toughness, but it was inversely related to litter diversity. Our findings markedly contrast with global trends of diversity for most taxa, and with the general rule of higher consumer diversity at higher levels of resource diversity. Moreover, they highlight the emerging role of temperature in understanding global patterns of diversity, which is of great relevance in the face of projected global warming. 相似文献
86.
Luis F. O. Silva Maria Izquierdo Xavier Querol Robert B. Finkelman Marcos L. S. Oliveira Marcus Wollenschlager Mark Towler Rafael P��rez-L��pez Felipe Macias 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,175(1-4):109-126
The geochemical characteristics of coal cleaning rejects (CCR) in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, were investigated. Around 3.5 million ton/ year of coal waste are dumped in Santa Catarina State. Coal beneficiation by froth flotation results in large amounts of CCR composed of coaly and mineral matter, the latter characterised by the occurrence of sulphide minerals and a broad array of leachable elements. The total and leachable contents of more than 60 elements were analysed. Atmospheric exposure promotes sulphide oxidation that releases substantial sulphate loads as well as Ca2?+?, K?+?, Mg2?+?, Cl??? and Al3?+?. The metals with the most severe discharges were Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, Ni and Cd. Most trace pollutants in the CCR displayed a marked pH-dependent solubility, being immobile in near-neutral samples. The results highlight the complex interactions among mineral matter solubility, pH and the leaching of potentially hazardous elements. 相似文献
87.
Vizuete Jorge Hernández-Moreno David López-Beceiro Ana Fidalgo Luis Eusebio Soler Francisco Pérez-López Marcos Míguez-Santiyán María Prado 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(36):54292-54308
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the present study, mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and arsenic (As) were measured in liver, kidney, and feathers of adult,... 相似文献
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M. Carla de Aranzamendi Ricardo Sahade Marcos Tatián Marina B. Chiappero 《Marine Biology》2008,154(5):875-885
The limpet Nacella concinna (Strebel 1908) was the focus of numerous studies dealing with Antarctic benthos. One of the main characteristics of the species
is the presence of two distinguishable morphotypes, one inhabiting the intertidal (during summer) and the other inhabiting
the subtidal. For a long time these forms were considered as an expression of phenotypic plasticity, since previous studies
did not found genetic differences between them. In the present work, we performed both a morphometric and a genetic differentiation
analysis (using ISSR-PCR markers) of these two forms in three stations sampled at Potter Cove, South Shetland Islands. The
results confirmed the morphological differences between intertidal and subtidal forms reported in other Antarctic localities.
The genetic differences detected indicate that the two forms can be considered as genetically distinct populations maintaining
low levels of gene flow. The degree of reproductive isolation of the ecotypes is discussed, as well as the possible origin
of the divergence. The genetic differentiation observed can also have behavioral and physiological correlates, pointing out
the importance of taking into account the potential differences in the response of both populations to different conditions
in future studies in this species.
M. C. de Aranzamendi and R. Sahade contributed equally to this paper. 相似文献
90.
Rissato SR Galhiane MS Ximenes VF de Andrade RM Talamoni JL Libânio M de Almeida MV Apon BM Cavalari AA 《Chemosphere》2006,65(11):1949-1958
Detailed analyses of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloro ethane (DDT) and its metabolites (DDTs) and congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil and surface water from the northeastern São Paulo, Brazil allowed the evaluation of the contamination status, distribution and possible pollution sources. The pesticides and PCBs demonstrated markedly different distributions, reflecting different agricultural, domestic and industrial usage in each region studied. The ranges of HCH, DDT, and PCBs concentrations in the soil samples were 0.05–0.92, 0.12–11.01, 0.02–0.25 ng g−1 dry wt, respectively, and in the surface water samples were 0.02–0.6, 0.02–0.58 and 0.02–0.5 ng l−1, respectively. Overall elevated levels of DDT and PCB were recorded in region 2, a site very close to melting, automotive batteries industries, and agricultural practice regions. High ratios of metabolites of DDT to DDT isomers revealed the recent use of DDT in this environment. The sources of contamination are closely related to human activities, such as domestic and industrial discharge, street runoff, agricultural pesticides and soil erosion, due to deforestation as well as atmospheric transport. 相似文献