软锰矿浆烟气脱硫资源化利用新工艺

首次建立了"软锰矿浆烟气脱硫制取电解锰、高纯碳酸锰及硫酸铵的废气脱硫资源化利用"工艺,通过对该工艺的实验研究,确定出较优的工艺流程和工艺条件,制得符合(GB3418-82)的电解锰产品和符合(GB10503-89)的高纯碳酸锰产品并回收硫酸铵,实现了从烟气中回收硫资源和提高软锰矿综合利用附加值的目的,并为该法的工业化提供了理论依据和设计参数。研究结果表明,该工艺路线是可行的,开辟了一条既经济又环保的软锰矿烟气脱硫吸收液资源化利用的新途径。     

新生态MnO_2处理土霉素生产废水的实验研究

用高锰酸钾和硫酸锰反应制得亚微米级新生态MnO2 .采用先石灰法除草酸盐、后用&MnO2 吸附处理CODcr≤ 5 70 0mg/L的土霉素生产废水的方案 ,在pH <3、MnO2 投加量为 30 0ppm及常温常压下 ,则可使COD去除率达到 58.1～ 65 .9% .实验证明 ,新生态MnO2 吸附剂有一定的应用前景     

Nanoparticle-free and self-healing amphiphobic membrane for anti-surfactant-wetting membrane distillation

In membrane distillation (MD), complicated feed water with amphiphilic contaminants induces fouling/wetting of the MD membrane and can even lead to process failure. This study reports a facile approach to fabricate robust and self-healing hybrid amphiphobic membranes for anti-surfactant-wetting MD based on the ultra-low surface energy of fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) and its thermal induced motivation and rotation. The thermal treatment makes the membranes achieving amphiphobicity at a very low cost of F-POSS (13.04 wt.%), which is about 1/3 of without thermal treatment. The prepared membrane exhibits excellent amphiphobicity, i.e. ethanol contact angle of 120.3°, without using environmentally toxic fluorinated nanoparticles. Robust MD performance was observed for the amphiphobic membrane in concentrated sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) feed solutions. Furthermore, the fabricated membrane exhibited stable amphiphobicity even in extreme environments, including strong acid or alkaline solutions. In the event of a damaged or abraded membrane surface where the F-POSS can be removed, the amphiphobic membrane exhibits self-healing ability with additional thermal treatment. This simple approach without the use of nanoparticles provides an environmentally friendly way for fabrication of amphiphobic membranes for anti-surfactant-wetting membrane distillation.     

处理生物难降解物质的有效方式--共代谢

介绍了共代谢的类型、特点和影响因素。共代谢过程针对各种生物难降解物质需选择各自合适的一级基质，而且一级基质与难降解物质需保持合适的浓度比；共代谢过程中微生物不仅需要足够的C、N、P等营养元素，而且微量营养元素的加入也是必须的。考虑各方面因素并有效地控制才能使难降解物质达到较高的共代谢率。     

多菌灵降解菌NY97-1的鉴定及降解条件

分离筛选出一株能高效降解多菌灵的芽孢杆菌菌株NY97-1,经生理生化和序列同源性分析,将该菌株鉴定为短小芽孢杆菌Bacillus pumilus.该细菌降解多菌灵的最适pH值为6.0～10.0,最适温度为35.0～40.0℃.该菌在多菌灵浓度为10、30、50、100、300 mg·L-1的无机盐培养基中,30℃振荡培养24 h后,其对多菌灵的降解率分别为42.44％、48.97％、77.19％、78.66％和90.07％.添加少量有机氮源如酵母浸出粉、胰蛋白胨、酵母膏可促进菌株NY97-1对多菌灵的降解作用,添加少量无机氮源尿素会抑制菌株NY97-1对多菌灵的降解作用.     

微生物絮凝剂的研究及应用前景

对微生物絮凝剂的研究及应用进展进行综述,包括产生絮凝剂的微生物种类,微生物絮凝剂的提取纯化,微生物絮凝剂的絮凝机理,影响因素,研究动向以及微生物絮凝剂的应用。     

Zr-MOFs loaded on polyurethane foam by polydopamine for enhanced dye adsorption

Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) have attracted widespread attention due to their high specific surface area, high porosity, abundant metal active sites and excellent hydrothermal stability. However, Zr-MOFs materials are mostly powdery in nature and thus difficult to separate from aqueous media, which limits their application in wastewater treatment. In this study, PDA/Zr-MOFs/PU foam was constructed by growing Zr-MOFs nanoparticles on a dopamine-modified polyurethane foam substrate by in-situ hydrothermal synthesis as an adsorbent for removing dyes from wastewater. The results demonstrated that the polydopamine coating improves the dispersion of the Zr-MOFs nanoparticles on the substrate and enhances the interaction between the Zr-MOFs nanoparticles and the PU foam substrate. As a result, compared with Zr-MOFs/PU foam, the prepared PDA/Zr-MOFs/PU foam exhibits higher adsorption capacity for crystal violet (CV) (63.38 mg/g) and rhodamine B (RB) (67.73 mg/g), with maximum adsorption efficiencies of CV and RB of 98.4% (pH=11) and 93.5% (pH=7), respectively, at a concentration of 10 mg/L. The PDA/Zr-MOFs/PU foam can simultaneously remove CV and RB from the mixed solution. Moreover, the PDA/Zr-MOFs/PU foam still exhibits high stability and reusability after five cycles.     

低浓度有机底物好氧降解趋势及SMP的产出

采用间歇式活性污泥反应器（SBR）降解含正丁醇的自配水实验过程中，发现即使正丁醇属可被完全生物降解有机物，并且在启动时系统中不含可溶性生物不可降解物质，在其降解过程基本结束时系统的溶解性COD值也只能达到一最低点，并非趋向于零，而且此后COD值还会继续呈稳定的增长趋势。实验结果还显示，该最低点的COD值及可溶性微生物产物（SMP）的产生速度与温度有关。     

臭氧氧化法处理城市污水厂出水的实验研究

为了开发污水的回用技术，对北京市某污水处理厂二处理后出水中含有的有机物进行了臭氧无催化氧化、臭氧碱催化氧化、臭氧／过氧化氢氧化和臭氧加过渡性金属离子／过氧化氢催化氧化工艺的实验研究。结果表明，自氧／过氧化氢氧化工艺达到了较好的效果，在Ｈ２Ｏ２＝３ｍｇ／Ｌ时投加臭氧１３ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＣＯＤｃｒ由４５ｍｇ／Ｌ降至２０ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

WS2对Fe2+/过氧化钙类芬顿体系降解双酚A的助催化作用

Fe²⁺/过氧化钙类芬顿体系(Fe²⁺/CaO₂)在实际应用中易受到铁离子循环缓慢的限制.因此,本研究利用商业WS₂作为Fe²⁺/CaO₂体系的助催化剂以促进Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺快速循环,进而高效降解双酚A(BPA).在最佳条件下,WS₂/Fe²⁺/CaO₂体系在15 min内对BPA(10 mg·L^-1)的降解率为99.7%.同时,该体系展示出良好的应用前景,可适用于多种水体,亦可高效降解多种难降解有机污染物.自由基淬灭实验和EPR分析表明,羟基自由基(·OH)、单线态氧(¹O₂)和超氧自由基(·O₂^-)是BPA降解的主要活性氧物种,其中·OH贡献最大.WS₂表面暴露的W⁴⁺还原性位点,促进了Fe...